scholarly journals Gonad Size Measured by Ultrasound to Assign Stage of Maturity in Burbot

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren McGarvey ◽  
Jason E. Ilgen ◽  
Christopher S. Guy ◽  
Jason G. McLellan ◽  
Molly A. H. Webb
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
Ultrasound Transducer ◽  
Gonad Tissue ◽  
A Value ◽  
Follicle Diameter ◽  
Ultrasound Measurements ◽  
Gonad Size

Gonad size (diameter and circumference) measured by ultrasound was assessed as a metric to assign stage of maturity in Burbot Lota lota from Lake Roosevelt, Washington.  Paired gonad tissue and ultrasound measurements were collected monthly from November 2017 to March 2018.  Gonad tissue was processed for histological analysis to confirm stage of maturity.  Gonad diameter and circumference were measured by ultrasound.  Excised gonad diameter (i.e., true gonad diameter) was measured by digital calipers, and excised gonad circumference (i.e., true gonad circumference) was measured by a measuring tape.  All late vitellogenic (stage 6) ovaries measured by ultrasound had a diameter greater than 3.90 cm, suggesting a value of 3.90 cm or greater may be used to characterize females capable of spawning in the current reproductive cycle.  One mid-spermatogenic (stage 3) and all ripe (stage 4) testes were too large to be measured and assigned diameter of 5.11 cm, the maximum value capable of being measured by our ultrasound transducer.  A value of 5.11 cm or greater may be used to characterize males capable of spawning in the current reproductive cycle.  Testis circumference measured by ultrasound is not reported because some testes were wider than the ultrasound transducer and could not be measured.  Measurements of testis diameter did not differ between measurement methods (ultrasound vs. true), but ultrasound measurements of ovary diameter and circumference were higher than true measurements.  We attributed the difference between measurement methods to flattening of ovary while applying the ultrasound transducer.  Gonad diameter and circumference measured by ultrasound were highly correlated with gonadosomatic index and ovarian follicle diameter indicating gonad size measured by ultrasound is an appropriate index of gonad development in Burbot.

scholarly journals Delay of gametogenesis and spawning by constant illumination of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) during the first reproductive cycle

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 2183-2187 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bourlier ◽  
R. Billard
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Continuous Light ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Constant Illumination ◽  
Follicle Diameter ◽  
Paris Area ◽  
Natural Photoperiod

Two-year-old, 500–600 g immature and prepuberal male and female rainbow trout were exposed on June 21 to continuous light (CL group) or, as a control, to the natural photoperiod in the Paris area (C group) and were kept under seasonal variation of temperature. Gametogenesis was studied by periodic sampling of the gonads for quantitative analysis of spermatogenesis and measurement of follicle diameter. Gonadotropin (GTH) profiles were measured in pituitary and plasma by radioimmunoassay. During spawning, the quantity and quality of gametes were measured. Under continuous light, gametogenesis and spawning were delayed by about 2 months as compared with the controls kept under a natural photoperiod. Delayed gametogenesis in the fish under continuous light showed some alterations. In the males, the dynamics of spermatogenesis was modified since the proportion of the germ cells in the testis was changed as compared with the controls; e.g., spermatids were present in the testicular lobules when spermiation started. The yield of spermiation measured in four samplings was lower in males under continuous light as compared with the controls. In the females, follicle diameter and gonadosomatic index tended to remain lower during vitellogenesis in the CL group as compared with the C group, but finally, the diameter of the eggs stripped and the fecundity were not different in both groups. GTH profiles were different only for the plasma in December. The pituitary GTH content was low in December in both groups and sexes, irrespective of the stage of the reproductive cycle and of the light environment. There was no difference in hepatosomatic and viscerosomatic indices between the two groups.

Plasma steriod hormone concentrations in relation to reproductive cycle of the sweep Scorpis lineolatus (Kyphosidae) caught from the wild

1992 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 753 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Deual ◽  
NW Pankhurst
Keyword(s):  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Hepatosomatic Index ◽  
Spawning Period ◽  
Testosterone Concentration ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Advanced Stages

Changes in gonadosomatic index (GSI), hepatosomatic index (HSI), oocyte development and plasma levels of steroid hormones were studied during the reproductive cycle of the sweep Scorpis lineolatus. GSI values for both sexes were maximal in March and April. During this period the size distribution of oocytes showed a predominance of advanced stages of vitellogenesis, whereas males were completing spermatogenesis. However, staging data suggest that spawning may not begin until April. HSI was maximal 2 months prior to the beginning of gametogenesis in both sexes. Plasma concentrations of oestradiol-17β in females increased rapidly from February, reached a peak (2.3 ng mL-1) in association with the end of vitellogenesis in March, and returned to low concentrations in May and June. Plasma concentrations of 17α,20α-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17,20βP) also peaked in March in females, but 17,20βP was generally not detectable in males. Plasma testosterone concentration peaked along with other steroids in March in females but showed no significant change in males. Plasma ll-ketotestosterone (1 1KT) concentration was maximal in males before spawning (February), but was not elevated during the spawning period itself. Changes in oestradiol-17β and testosterone in association with vitellogenensis in females are consistent with those reported for other teleosts, whereas changes in 17,20βP, testosterone and 11-ketotestosterone in males are different from those previously reported.

Changes in plasma oxidative stress biomarkers in dairy cows after oestrus synchronisation with controlled internal drug release (CIDR) and prostaglandinF2α (PGF2α)

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 1490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saranika Talukder ◽  
Kendra L. Kerrisk ◽  
Luke Ingenhoff ◽  
Gianfranco Gabai ◽  
Sergio C. Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Metabolites ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Follicle Diameter

This study was designed to evaluate the plasma profiles of oxidative stress biomarkers, progesterone and ovarian follicle diameter in ovulatory versus an-ovulatory cows. Twenty cows were synchronised using controlled internal drug release (CIDR) and prostaglandinF2α (PGF2α) protocol. Plasma samples were analysed for progesterone (P4), oxidative stress (OS) biomarkers; reactive oxygen metabolites (ROMs), biological antioxidant potential (BAP), oxidative stress index (OSI = ROMs/BAP × 100), advanced oxidation protein products, ceruloplasmin and glutathione (GSH). Plasma P4 concentration was greater in ovulated cows 24 hours (h) after PGF2α treatment but lower 48 h after PGF2α treatment compared with that of an-ovulated cows at those sampling sessions (P < 0.05). Ovulated cows were diagnosed with greater ovarian follicle diameter compared with that of their herd mates not diagnosed for ovulation. Significant interaction of time of PGF2α treatment and ovulation status (ovulatory versus an-ovulatory) with the plasma concentrations of OSI, BAP and GSH were observed. Ovulated cows had significantly lower BAP compared with that of an-ovulated cows (P < 0.05) 9 h, 48 h, 60 h and 128 h after PGF2α treatment. Plasma concentrations of GSH were lower (P < 0.05) in ovulated cows than that of an-ovulated cows 60 h and 96 h after PGF2α treatment. However, OSI was greater (P < 0.05) in ovulated cows than that of an-ovulated cows 9 h, 48 h, 60 h and 128 h after PGF2α treatment. Significant associations were observed between OS status and sampling time. Oxidative stress status may have important physiological role in facilitating the ovulation process in oestrus synchronised dairy cows.

Reproductive patterns of the black starry sea urchin Arbacia stellata in Punta Banda, Baja California, Mexico

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (06) ◽  
pp. 1379-1391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Patricia Díaz-Martínez ◽  
Eugenio De Jesús Carpizo-Ituarte ◽  
Francisco Benítez-Villalobos
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Net Primary Production ◽  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Gonadal Development ◽  
Oocyte Size ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Positive Correlation

AbstractWidely distributed species such as Arbacia stellata adjust patterns of their life history according to local conditions. In the present study the reproductive cycle of this species was analysed throughout a sampling year. Gonadal development cycle, sex ratio, actual fecundity and oocyte size distribution were characterized and the relationship of these reproductive characteristics with environmental variables such as sea surface temperature, photoperiod, chlorophyll a and net primary production evaluated. Our results showed that A. stellata is a gonochoric sea urchin. Gametogenesis was classified into six stages for both sexes (immature, growth, pre-maturity I, pre-maturity II, mature and spawning) and no synchrony was observed for the gonads between individuals. The female to male ratio was close to 1:1 in most months. The gonadosomatic index (GSI) showed significant differences between sexes or months; however, the highest values were observed during spring, with positive correlation with chlorophyll a. No significant differences were observed in the maturity index (MI) between sexes, with a positive correlation with temperature but negative with chlorophyll. Actual fecundity showed wide variations throughout the year and correlation with chlorophyll a and temperature. Oocyte size distribution was unimodal and the predominant frequency was that of mature oocytes. The reproductive cycle of A. stellata has a semi-continuous pattern for both sexes and partial spawning throughout the year in the sampling site. We observed nutrient assimilation in the gonads during spring and a larger reproductive activity from late summer to early winter.

scholarly journals Dynamics of ovarian maturation during the reproductive cycle of Metynnis maculatus, a reservoir invasive fish species (Teleostei: Characiformes)

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 821-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Scremin Boscolo Pereira ◽  
Renata Guimarães Moreira ◽  
Sergio Ricardo Batlouni
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Ovarian Development ◽  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Ovarian Maturation ◽  
Invasive Fish ◽  
Multiple Spawning ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ovulatory Follicles ◽  
Morphometric Evaluation

In this study, we evaluated the dynamics of ovarian maturation and the spawning processes during the reproductive cycle of Metynnis maculatus. Adult females (n = 36) were collected bimonthly between April 2010 and March 2011. The mean gonadosomatic index (GSI) was determined, ovarian and blood samples were submitted for morphometric evaluation and the steroid plasma concentration was determined by ELISA. This species demonstrated asynchronous ovarian development with multiple spawns. This study revealed that, although defined as a multiple spawning species, the ovaries of M. maculatus have a pattern of development with a predominance of vitellogenesis between April and August and have an intensification in spawning in September; in October, a drop in the mean GSI values occurred, and the highest frequencies of post-ovulatory follicles (POFs) were observed. We observed a positive correlation between the POF and the levels of 17α-hydroxyprogesterone. Metynnis maculatus has the potential to be used as a source of pituitary tissue for the preparation of crude extracts for hormonal induction; the theoretical period for use is from September to December, but specific studies to determine the feasibility of this approach must be conducted.

scholarly journals Mobilization of energetic substrates in the endangered catfish Steindachneridion parahybae (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae): changes in annual reproductive cycle in captivity

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos E. Tolussi ◽  
Aline D. Gomes ◽  
Cristiéle da S. Ribeiro ◽  
Danilo Caneppele ◽  
Renata G. Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Annual Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Plasma Triglycerides ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Continuous Feeding

ABSTRACT This study aimed at analyzing the energetic substrate (ES) in the main storage tissues of Steindachneridion parahybae, throughout the reproductive cycle in captivity. Differently from wild, in captivity, feeding is not interrupted during the reproductive period, the females do not spawn spontaneously, and they are sedentary. Adult females were sampled monthly and based on their histology and gonadosomatic index (GSI), ovaries were classified into: previtellogenic (PRV), vitellogenic (VTG), and regression (REG) stages. Ovaries at the VTG stage showed higher protein and lipids levels than at the PRV stage with a positive correlation between these substrates and the GSI. Muscle was the main source of proteins transferred to the ovaries, according to the negative correlation between these organs. Lipids remained unchanged in the liver, which is an important supplier in vitellogenesis, a pattern that probably occurs due to the continuous feeding. Muscular glycogen levels were higher at the VTG and REG than at the PRV stages. Plasma triglycerides were also higher during REG, while glucose levels were more elevated during the VTG stage. These results suggest that with constant food supply, the pattern of deposition of ES in S. parahybae is different from that described for other wild potamodromous species.

Tissue biochemical composition in relation to the reproductive cycle of deep-sea decapod Aristeus antennatus in the Portuguese south coast

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 963-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Rosa ◽  
M.L. Nunes
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Cholesterol Content ◽  
South Coast ◽  
Hepatosomatic Index ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Aristeus Antennatus

Biochemical changes during the reproductive cycle of Aristeus antennatus (Crustacea: Decapoda) on the Portuguese south coast were investigated. Proximate chemical composition, lipid classes, fatty acid profiles, glycogen and cholesterol content were determined in the muscle, ovary and hepatopancreas (HP) during a period of one year (October 2000–September 2001). Gonadosomatic index (GSI) increased significantly in June and July and during the maturation process. Hepatosomatic index (HSI) also increased throughout the ovarian maturation. A positive correlation between lipid levels in the ovary and GSI (r=0.53, P<0.05) and HSI (r=0.30, P<0.05) was found. The muscle showed very low lipid levels and higher percentages of polar lipids. Higher proportions of neutral lipids, mainly triacylglycerols, were observed in both ovary and HP. Both ovarian and HP cholesterol increased with maturation. Protein and glycogen content in the muscle, ovary and HP did not vary as a function of ovary maturity stage. From the different tissues analysed, the glycogen is mainly stored in the HP and to a lesser extent in the muscle. In both ovary and HP the major fatty acids were 16:0, 18:1(n-7), 18:1(n-9), 20:5(n-3) and 22:6(n-3), and significant increase in the levels of monounsaturated fatty acids were observed in ovary during sexual maturation, which indicates these compounds as the major sources of energy during embryonic and early larval development.

scholarly journals Changes in levels of major yolk protein in the coelomic fluid and gonad during the reproductive cycle in wild sea urchins,Mesocentrotus nudus

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro Ura ◽  
Narumi Takei ◽  
Ichiro Higuchi ◽  
Tomoharu Yuhi ◽  
Osamu Nishimiya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Yolk Protein ◽  
Coelomic Fluid ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Mesocentrotus Nudus ◽  
Quantitative Changes

AbstractBoth female and male sea urchins accumulate the major yolk protein (MYP) in the nutritive phagocytes of immature gonads before gametogenesis, and MYP is the most abundant protein in the coelomic fluid of both sexes. In females, MYP in the coelomic fluid is taken up by the nutritive phagocytes and transported to the growing oocytes. This study examined quantitative changes of MYP in the coelomic fluid of both sexes during the reproductive cycle of wild sea urchins,Mesocentrotus nudus. Levels of MYP in the coelomic fluid of females increased and reached a peak at the histological pre-mature stage of gonad activity (i.e. Stage 3), and positive correlation between the MYP level and the gonadosomatic index (GSI) was observed. In male sea urchins the level of MYP in the coelomic fluid increased at the pre-mature stage, though positive correlation between the MYP level and GSI was not observed. These results indicate that MYP in the coelomic fluid is suitable as a biomarker of the onset and progression of sexual maturity in female sea urchins.

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