Simulating Passive Design Strategies of Rural Residential Buildings in Severe Cold Regions of Northeast China

2019 ◽  
pp. 790-812
Author(s):  
Meng Zhen ◽  
Cheng Sun ◽  
Bee Hua Goh
Keyword(s):  
Northeast China ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Evaporative Cooling ◽  
Design Strategy ◽  
High Mass ◽  
Thermal Mass ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Cold Regions ◽  
Passive Design ◽  
Passive Solar

With a strong dependency on regions and climate, passive design is the most economically effective strategy to reduce energy consumption. Using Climate Consultant 5.5 software, data analysis is conducted to analyze 16 cities in Northeast China. The independent and integrated effectiveness of nine kinds of passive design strategy are studied like sun shading of windows, high thermal mass, high thermal mass night flushed, direct evaporative cooling, two-stage evaporative cooling, natural ventilation cooling, passive solar direct gain low mass, passive solar direct gain high mass, wind protection of outdoor spaces. The results show that passive solar heat gains are the most important passive design strategy, whether in the heating or non-heating season, with an average contribution rate of 14.64% and 28.38%, respectively. This study provides suggestions on passive design in severe cold regions in Northeast China. The effectiveness-evaluation tables proposed can be referred to by architects in their passive designs.

Simulating Passive Design Strategies of Rural Residential Buildings in Severe Cold Regions of Northeast China

2016 ◽  
pp. 39-65
Author(s):  
Meng Zhen ◽  
Cheng Sun ◽  
Bee Hua Goh
Keyword(s):  
Northeast China ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Evaporative Cooling ◽  
Design Strategy ◽  
High Mass ◽  
Thermal Mass ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Cold Regions ◽  
Passive Design ◽  
Passive Solar

With a strong dependency on regions and climate, passive design is the most economically effective strategy to reduce energy consumption. Using Climate Consultant 5.5 software, data analysis is conducted to analyze 16 cities in Northeast China. The independent and integrated effectiveness of nine kinds of passive design strategy are studied like sun shading of windows, high thermal mass, high thermal mass night flushed, direct evaporative cooling, two-stage evaporative cooling, natural ventilation cooling, passive solar direct gain low mass, passive solar direct gain high mass, wind protection of outdoor spaces. The results show that passive solar heat gains are the most important passive design strategy, whether in the heating or non-heating season, with an average contribution rate of 14.64% and 28.38%, respectively. This study provides suggestions on passive design in severe cold regions in Northeast China. The effectiveness-evaluation tables proposed can be referred to by architects in their passive designs.

scholarly journals THE APPLICATION OF PASSIVE DESIGN STRATEGIES AS SUSTAINABLE OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE IN A MODEL CONFERENCE CENTRES (A CASE STUDY OF AMINU KANO CENTRE FOR DEMOCRATIC RESEARCH AND TRAINING (AKCDR&T))

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-39
Author(s):  
Alfa Sharif ◽  
Muhammad Mukarram ◽  
Isyaku Rabi’u ◽  
Rabi’u Inusa
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Passive Design ◽  
Conference Centre

ABSTRACT: This research sought to reduce uncomfortable conditions created by extremes of heat and dryness in order to achieve well balanced indoor and outdoor climate, through the application of passive design strategies in Conference Centre located in hot dry climate of Kano Nigeria. Passive design utilizes natural sources of heating and cooling breezes. It is achieved by appropriately orientating the building on its site and carefully designing the building envelope (roof, walls, windows and floor). External features such as fountain, soft landscaping and proper site planning improves micro climate which in turn helped in achieving good passive design. The methodology employed is case study and relevant information sourced from pertinent literature and the internet was taken into consideration. Research has shown that more than40% of energy consumption in any building is used for cooling and lighting in order to achieve comfort level. In the course of the research, the building was studied to evaluate the use of passive elements that relates to passive lighting and cooling which are the main source of energy consumption such as building envelop, natural lighting, natural ventilation, Site and external spaces, building form, building orientation, wall/window shading and existing of energy source on conference centre building. Research has shown that, the design parameters obtained from field survey are the principal factors responsible for any good passive design of most public building such as conference centre building.

Study on the Design Strategy of Commercial Pedestrian Street in Cold Regions Based on the Conditions of Microclimate

2013 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 525-528
Author(s):  
Jing Wei Li ◽  
Wen Yan Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Design Strategy ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Cold Regions ◽  
Winter Climate ◽  
Cold Wind ◽  
Pedestrian Street

By pointing out problems of the micro climate environment in urban commercial pedestrian streets in cold regions, and around typical issues of cold climate: cold wind, sunshine and temperature, this paper proposes design strategies that embody fully chill feature and stress the influence of winter climate.

scholarly journals The retrofit of ‘70s office buildings curtain walls in London

2021 ◽  
Vol 2042 (1) ◽  
pp. 012154
Author(s):  
A Cirillo ◽  
A Scofone
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Office Buildings ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Curtain Wall ◽  
Air Infiltration ◽  
Passive Design

Abstract The built environment accounts for 44% of UK emissions, of which 18% are from non-domestic buildings. Considering that a façade's performance accounts for more than 50% of the energy consumption of a building, the retrofit of a ‘70s curtain wall system is analysed along with common issues such as poor insulation, fire risk, air infiltration and absence of natural ventilation, all of which are known to affect both occupants’ comfort and energy demand negatively. The methodology includes thermal and energy analysis of the Euston tower, results from which are used to inform an analytical model representing a more extensive building stock. Orientation, occupation, window to wall ratio and floor heights are examined as the main factors influencing heat gains, and different passive design solutions are tested to reduce them. Combining these passive design strategies shows a reduction of cooling demand by up to 91% and overheating hours down to 0% from base case to best case, demonstrating how the retrofit of curtain walls in office buildings is essential to cut emissions, reducing energy demand and improving comfort and productivity.

scholarly journals Thermal comfort in winter incorporating solar radiation effects at high altitudes and performance of improved passive solar design—Case of Lhasa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingjiang Huang ◽  
Jian Kang
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Solar Irradiance ◽  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Thermal Mass ◽  
High Altitudes ◽  
Energy Saving Potential ◽  
Environment Control ◽  
Passive Solar

AbstractThe solar incidence on an indoor environment and its occupants has significant impacts on indoor thermal comfort. It can bring favorable passive solar heating and can result in undesired overheating (even in winter). This problem becomes more critical for high altitudes with high intensity of solar irradiance, while received limited attention. In this study, we explored the specific overheating and rising thermal discomfort in winter in Lhasa as a typical location of a cold climate at high altitudes. First, we evaluated the thermal comfort incorporating solar radiation effect in winter by field measurements. Subsequently, we investigated local occupant adaptive responses (considering the impact of direct solar irradiance). This was followed by a simulation study of assessment of annual based thermal comfort and the effect on energy-saving potential by current solar adjustment. Finally, we discussed winter shading design for high altitudes for both solar shading and passive solar use at high altitudes, and evaluated thermal mass shading with solar louvers in terms of indoor environment control. The results reveal that considerable indoor overheating occurs during the whole winter season instead of summer in Lhasa, with over two-thirds of daytime beyond the comfort range. Further, various adaptive behaviors are adopted by occupants in response to overheating due to the solar radiation. Moreover, it is found that the energy-saving potential might be overestimated by 1.9 times with current window to wall ratio requirements in local design standards and building codes due to the thermal adaption by drawing curtains. The developed thermal mass shading is efficient in achieving an improved indoor thermal environment by reducing overheating time to an average of 62.2% during the winter and a corresponding increase of comfort time.

A passive design strategy for a horizontal ground source heat pump pipe operation optimization with a non-homogeneous soil profile

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 39-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Rezaei-Bazkiaei ◽  
Ehsan Dehghan-Niri ◽  
Ebrahim M. Kolahdouz ◽  
A. Scott Weber ◽  
Gary F. Dargush
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Design Strategy ◽  
Ground Source Heat Pump ◽  
Operation Optimization ◽  
Ground Source ◽  
Passive Design ◽  
Homogeneous Soil

Pre-Life and End-of-Life Combined Profit Optimization With Predictive Product Lifecycle Design

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jungmok Ma ◽  
Minjung Kwak ◽  
Harrison M. Kim
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Design Strategy ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Product Lifecycle ◽  
Mining Technique ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Trend Mining ◽  
A Company ◽  
Lifecycle Design

The Predictive Product Lifecycle Design (PPLD) model that is proposed in this paper enables a company to optimize its product lifecycle design strategy by considering pre-life and end-of-life at the initial design stage. By combining lifecycle design and predictive trend mining technique, the PPLD model can reflect both new and remanufactured product market demands, capture hidden and upcoming trends, and finally provide an optimal lifecycle design strategy in order to maximize profit over the span of the whole lifecycle. The outcomes are lifecycle design strategies such as product design features, the need for buy-backs at the end of its life, and the quantity of products remanufacturing. The developed model is illustrated with an example of a cell phone lifecycle design. The result clearly shows the benefit of the model when compared to a traditional Pre-life design model. The benefit would be increased profitability, while saving more natural resources and reducing wastes for manufacturers own purposes.

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