Climate Change and Water Security

2022 ◽  
pp. 1420-1431
Author(s):  
Abdelmohcine Aimrane ◽  
Hasna Lahouaoui ◽  
Youssef Khamsi ◽  
Ahmed Draoui ◽  
Hassan Alahyane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Living Systems ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Disease Burden ◽  
Living Being

Climate change is an actual fact setting off an imbalance in many living systems. Among these affected systems, water is a major essential element in the globe and in every existing living being. Therefore, several complications have been stated to occur, following water scarcity and water flood in many regions of the world, which make of them a global major threat of water security. The global disease burden is an additional factor that appeals to serious interventions worldwide in order to alleviate the water scarcity and water flood-related effects.

Climate Change and Water Security

2019 ◽  
pp. 41-52
Author(s):  
Abdelmohcine Aimrane ◽  
Hasna Lahouaoui ◽  
Youssef Khamsi ◽  
Ahmed Draoui ◽  
Hassan Alahyane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Living Systems ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Disease Burden ◽  
Living Being

Climate change is an actual fact setting off an imbalance in many living systems. Among these affected systems, water is a major essential element in the globe and in every existing living being. Therefore, several complications have been stated to occur, following water scarcity and water flood in many regions of the world, which make of them a global major threat of water security. The global disease burden is an additional factor that appeals to serious interventions worldwide in order to alleviate the water scarcity and water flood-related effects.

Envisaged transfer projects: New technologies in the water sustainability

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naseer Ahmed Abbasi ◽  
Xiangzhou Xu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
The World

<p><strong>Abstracts:</strong> Influenced by global climate change, water shortages and other extreme weather, water scarcity in the world is an alarming sign. This article provides evidences regarding the Tunnel and Tianhe project’s feasibility and their technical, financial, political, socioeconomic and environmental aspects. Such as how to utilize the water vapour in the air and to build a 1000 km long tunnel project to fulfill the goal of solving water shortage in China. The projects are promising to solve the problem of water, food and drought in the country. In addition, the telecoupling framework helps to effectively understand and manage ecosystem services, as well as the different challenges associated with them. Such efforts can help find the ways for proper utilization of water resources and means of regulation.</p><p><strong>Key words: </strong>Sustainability; water shortage; transfer project</p>

scholarly journals Water Security in a Changing Climate

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.H. Glantz
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
United Nations ◽  
World View ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Secretary General ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
The World ◽  
Or Organization

The notion of «the water world we want» is a spin-off of the United Nations campaign The World We Want. It is open to subjective interpretation, as people have different perceptions of a desired future. Each person or organization is likely to identify their own set of key concerns: food, clean (uncontaminated) water, sustained agricultural productivity, sustainable use of land and ocean resources, healthy lives and secure livelihoods. But whatever utopian world view one creates, it cannot be achieved without adequate sustained water supplies.In 2009, the then United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-Moon noted: It is well known that water is life; what this Report shows is that water also means livelihoods. It is the route out of poverty for individuals and communities. Managing water is essential if the world is to achieve sustainable development.This challenge is even more pressing as the world confronts the triple threats of climate change, rising food and energy costs, and the global economic crisis. All three are exacerbating poverty, inequality and underdevelopment.It is apparent that climate, water and weather-related concerns are mounting. Societies are becoming increasingly aware that impacts of extreme hydrometeorological events expected to occur in, say, the 2050s are starting to appear decades earlier. These extreme events — related to climate change — are likely to increase in frequency, intensity and severity. 

Climate Change

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Mason
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Mass Tourism ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
The World ◽  
Tourism Activity ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Main Attraction

Climate change poses a major threat to almost all forms of human activity on earth, including tourism. As Holden (2016: 227) argues: Of all the challenges facing tourism’s relationship with nature, it is not an exaggeration to state that climate change represents the greatest. Holden gives as his rationale for this statement that it is the stability and predictability of climate that is vital for the environments and ecosystems that are required for the continuation of current types of tourism, whether these are the traditional form of mass tourism, in terms of ‘sun, sea and sand’ holidays, or a niche activity which involves visiting a tropical rain forest with rare flora and fauna as the main attraction. Climate change also presents opportunities for tourism. If areas currently experiencing cool winters and mild summers get warmer, then new types of tourism may be possible including beach-based holidays where at present these are of little importance. Climate change is likely to lead to modifications in the weather at different times of the year so ‘seasonality’ which is currently a very important dimension to many forms of tourism will be affected, probably to the extent that seasons when there is high tourism activity will get longer in some parts of the world. Although tourism is likely to be significantly affected by climate change, it has also contributed to climate change through for example the burning of fossil fuels in transport for tourism as well through the use of power in hotel accommodation.

scholarly journals Vulnerabilities of the European Union’s Economy to Hydrological Extremes Outside its Borders

Atmosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ertug Ercin ◽  
Daniel Chico ◽  
Ashok K. Chapagain
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Virtual Water ◽  
Green Water ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The World ◽  
Current Water ◽  
External Water ◽  
The Eu

Climate change is leading to increased water scarcity and drought in many parts of the world. This has implications for the European Union (EU) because a lot of the water intensive goods consumed or used there are produced abroad. This makes the EU’s economy dependent on water resources well beyond its borders since when a country imports water intensive goods, indirectly it also imports virtual water (water needed to produce the imported goods). This study maps the EU’s global dependency on water resources outside its borders in terms of virtual water imports and assesses how water scarcity and drought may disrupt supplies of key food crops that it imports. The EU uses approximately 668 km3 of water for all of the goods it produces, consumes and exports, annually. Around 38% of that water comes from outside its borders, which means that the EU’s economy is highly dependent on the availability of water in other parts of the world. In the near future, supplies of certain crops to the EU could be disrupted due to water scarcity in other parts of the world; a large portion of the water used in producing soybeans, rice, sugarcane, cotton, almonds, pistachios and grapes for import to the EU comes from areas with significant or severe levels of water scarcity. Although the immediate risks to the EU’s economy are due to current water scarcity levels, any disruption to rainfall patterns that occur in the future, due to the effects of climate change in the countries of origin of key crops, could have a far greater impact. This is because as much as 92% of the EU’s total external water demand from agriculture is attributed to green water use, availability of which has relatively higher vulnerability to drought.

Insurance Fund as an Adaptation Measure for Increasing Water Security in Basins Under Change

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Gesualdo ◽  
Felipe Souza ◽  
Eduardo Mendiondo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Spatiotemporal Variability ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Insurance Fund ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Future Scenarios ◽  
Adaptation Measure ◽  
The World

<p>Extreme weather events are increasingly evident and widespread around the world due to climate change. These events are driven by rising temperatures and changes in precipitation patterns, which lead to changes in flood frequency, drought and water availability. To reduce the future impacts of natural disasters, it is crucial to understand the spatiotemporal variability of social, economic and environmental vulnerabilities related to natural disasters. Particularly, developing countries are more vulnerable to climate risks due to their greater economic dependence on climate-sensitive primary activities, infrastructure, finance and other factors that undermine successful adaptation. In this concept, adaptation plays the role of anticipating the adverse effects of climate change and taking appropriate measures to prevent or minimize the damage they may cause. Thus, the insurance fund is a valuable adaptation tool for unexpected losses reimbursement, long-term impacts prevention and encouraging risk mitigation. Although this approach is successful throughout the world and major organizations support insurance as an adaptation measure, the Brazilian insurance fund only provides support for rural landowners. Thus, we will evaluate the implementation of an indexed multi-risk insurance fund integrated with water security parameters, as an instrument for adaptation to climate change. We will use the SWAT+, a hydrosedimentological model, to assess the current conditions and future scenarios (up to 2100) of water security indices considering two International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5). Then, we will incorporate those parameters to the Hydrological Risk Transfer Model (MTRH). Our results will provide optimized premium in current and future scenarios for supporting adaptation plans to climate change. Furthermore, to contribute to technical-scientific information addressing possible effects of climate change on the hydrometeorological variables and their spatiotemporal variability.</p>

scholarly journals Global Leadership to Transform the World

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyoko Seki ◽  
Katherine Holt
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Change Agents ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Global Leadership ◽  
Social Unrest ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
The World ◽  
Competency Models ◽  
National Boundaries

Global leadership is sorely needed to transform the world, given trends such as climate change, water scarcity, and social unrest. We need leaders with multicultural sensitivity who will face paradoxes head on, invite new voices into the dialogue, and collaborate across sector and national boundaries to find more sustainable solutions. This response addresses 3 areas that garnered the most commentaries: competency models, paradoxes, and developing global leaders. We point out several neglected perspectives, including “being” and “individual uniqueness,” along with the absence of non-Western voices in the commentary dialogue. We challenge readers to raise their consciousness and shift from enabling status quo leadership to becoming change agents.

scholarly journals Does the Use of Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine in Treating Patients with Uncomplicated falciparum Malaria Reduce the Risk for Recurrent New falciparum Infection More Than Artemether-Lumefantrine?

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wisdom Akpaloo ◽  
Edward Purssell
Keyword(s):  
Disease Burden ◽  
Falciparum Infection ◽  
World Health ◽  
Combination Therapies ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Cochrane Database ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Global Disease Burden

Malaria contributes significantly to the global disease burden. The World Health Organization recommended the use of artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) for treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria a decade ago in response to problems of drug resistance. This review compared two of the ACTs—Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine (DP) and Artemether-Lumefantrine (AL) to provide evidence which one has the ability to offer superior posttreatment prophylaxis at 28 and 42 days posttreatment. Four databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Database and Global Health) were searched on June 2, 2013 and a total of seven randomized controlled trials conducted in sub-Sahara Africa were included. Results involving 2, 340 participants indicates that reduction in risk for recurrent new falciparum infections (RNIs) was 79% at day 28 in favour of DP [RR, 0.21; 95% CI: 0.14 to 0.32, P<0.001], and at day 42 was 44% favouring DP [RR, 0.56; 95% CI: 0.34 to 0.90; P=0.02]. No significant difference was seen in treatment failure rates between the two drugs at days 28 and 42. It is concluded that use of DP offers superior posttreatment prophylaxis compared to AL in the study areas. Hence DP can help reduce malaria cases in such areas more than AL.

Nothing Else Matters

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Blok
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Ecological Crisis ◽  
Living Systems ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The World ◽  
Ontological Concept

Abstract If the world in which we are intentionally involved is threatened by climate change, this raises the question about our place on Earth. In this article, we argue that the ecological crisis we face today draws our attention to the Earth as ontic-ontological condition of our being-in-the-world. Because the Earth is often reflected upon in relation to human existence, living systems or material entities in the philosophical tradition, we argue for an ontological concept of the materiality of the Earth as un-correlated being in this article. We develop five principles of the materiality of the Earth: the conativity, non-identity, responsiveness, performativity and eventuality of the Earth. We will argue that it is this notion of Earth that matters to us in the age of global warming.

scholarly journals Assessing Water Security in the Sao Paulo Metropolitan Region Under Projected Climate Change

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela C. Gesualdo ◽  
Paulo Tarso S. Oliveira ◽  
Dulce B. B. Rodrigues ◽  
Hoshin V. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract. Climate change affects the global water cycle and has the potential to alter water availability for food-energy-water production, and for ecosystems services, on regional and local scales. An understanding these effects is crucial to assessing future water availability, and for the development of sustainable management plans. Here, we investigate the influence of anticipated climate change on water security in the Jaguari Basin, which is the main source of freshwater for 9 million people in the Sao Paulo Metropolitan Region (SPMR). First, we calibrate and evaluate a hydrological model using daily observed data, obtaining satisfactory Coefficient of Determination and Kling-Gupta efficiency values for both periods. To represent possible climate change scenarios up to 2095, we consider two International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5) and use an ensemble of future projections generated by 17 General Circulation Models (GCMs). These data were used to drive the hydrological model to generate projected scenarios of streamflow. Then we used indicators of water scarcity and vulnerability to carry out a quantitative analysis of provision probability. Our results indicate that streamflow can be expected to exhibit increased interannual variability, significant increases in flow rate between January and March, and an extension of the dry season (currently June to September) until November. The latter includes more than 35 % reduction in streamflow during September through November (with > 50 % reduction in October). Our findings indicate an increased risk of floods and droughts accompanied by an expansion of the basin critical period, and our analysis of the Water Security Indices identifies October and November as the most vulnerable months. Overall, our analysis exposes the fragility of water security in the Sao Paulo metropolitan region, and provides valuable technical and scientific information that can be used to guide regional plans and strategies to cope with potential future water scarcity.

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