National Culture and the Social Relations of Anywhere Working

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-59
Author(s):  
Mike Berrell
Keyword(s):  
National Culture ◽  
Customer Service ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Work Practice ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Checks And Balances ◽  
Work Arrangements ◽  
The Social ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Traditional Work

Western ideas about work have developed as macro and micro level changes continue to shape the social relations of work. As anywhere working developed as an alternative to traditional work arrangements in the 1990s, a system of checks and balances ensured the work practice delivered customer service and product quality. Western low-context work cultures situated the work practice as a logical development in the chronology of the social relations of work. With its tipping-point in the West reached, anywhere working received less attention in high-context work cultures. Specifically, this chapter investigates how the concept of “national culture” impacts thinking about anywhere working. In the high-context work cultures of East and South East Asia, employers, employees, and the stakeholders of organizations and governments have divergent views about the legitimacy of this work practice. The chapter discusses the influence of national culture on thinking about anywhere working in high-context work cultures, drawing on current data concerning anywhere working in selected Asian economies.

The Social Relations of Anywhere Working

2017 ◽  
pp. 22-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike Berrell
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Work Practice ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Employment Relations ◽  
Employment Relationships ◽  
Work Spaces ◽  
The Social ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Traditional Work

The idea of anywhere working provides opportunities to utilize non-traditional work spaces and new employment relationships. However, the new employment relationships ensuing from the work practice have implications for both employees and employers. While thinking about the nature of anywhere working tends to focus on macro-level issues and micro-level practices, the social relations of anywhere working is a peripheral concern. This chapter reviews some of the images and meanings attached to work through the ages. Subsequently, the dominant ideas in the anywhere working literature emerge as employee centric, employer centric and technology centric themes. The notion of a sociological paradigm frames the discussion and analysis of anywhere working in its broadest context. Given its rapid spread, anywhere working may be represented as a watershed in employment relations and work practices. In this light, new ways of thinking about the social relations and the nature of work itself are required.

The Social Relations of Anywhere Working

2017 ◽  
pp. 287-304
Author(s):  
Mike Berrell
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Work Practice ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Employment Relations ◽  
Employment Relationships ◽  
Work Spaces ◽  
The Social ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Traditional Work

The idea of anywhere working provides opportunities to utilize non-traditional work spaces and new employment relationships. However, the new employment relationships ensuing from the work practice have implications for both employees and employers. While thinking about the nature of anywhere working tends to focus on macro-level issues and micro-level practices, the social relations of anywhere working is a peripheral concern. This chapter reviews some of the images and meanings attached to work through the ages. Subsequently, the dominant ideas in the anywhere working literature emerge as employee centric, employer centric and technology centric themes. The notion of a sociological paradigm frames the discussion and analysis of anywhere working in its broadest context. Given its rapid spread, anywhere working may be represented as a watershed in employment relations and work practices. In this light, new ways of thinking about the social relations and the nature of work itself are required.

scholarly journals Marketing Tools for Improving Enterprise Performance in the Context of Social and Economic Security of the State: Innovative Approaches to Assessment

2019 ◽  
pp. 172-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kwilinski ◽  
K. Pajak ◽  
O. Halachenko ◽  
S. Vasylchak ◽  
Y. Pushak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
State Level ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Special Events ◽  
The Social ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Innovative Approaches

The paper summarizes the arguments for a scientific discussion on solving the problem of improving the efficiency of the enterprise in the context of social and economic security of the state. The main purpose of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the enterprise and on its basis to identify innovative measures and methods, effective marketing tools to improve it. The systematization of literary sources and scientific approaches showed that, based on a comprehensive assessment of the activity of the enterprise, there remained several unsolved problems regarding the improvement of the social and economic security of the state. The urgency of solving this scientific problem lies in ensuring social and economic security that is an extremely important problem in the current conditions of the country’s development. Methodical tools of the study are such methods as a logical generalization, systematic, comparison, mathematical calculations, graphical, method of expert assessments. The study period is 2014-2018. The object of the study is the sanatorium and resort enterprise since the social and economic security of the state on the micro-level is formed based on the activity of such enterprises. The research of the identified problem in the paper is carried out in the following logical sequence. The significance of the activity of enterprises as an integral part in shaping the country's economy in market conditions is outlined. The important role of domestic enterprises in ensuring the employment of the country's population, the formation of social relations and support of social stability, the social and economic security of the state at the micro-level is noted. The problems of provision of enterprises economic development as a component of socioeconomic security of the state in need of research are highlighted. The list of risks, which domestic enterprises are subjected to in daily activity, is described. It is noted that the economic development of enterprises is one of the components of securing social and economic security of the country at the micro-level. In this context, the theoretical basis for the formation of economic security of enterprises is investigated based on the evaluation of the efficiency of the activity on the example of sanatorium and resort institutions. An evaluation of the efficiency of activity of sanatorium-resort enterprises from the standpoint of the economic entity efficiency based on the calculation of integral index and directly by consumers with the help of an expert method is conducted. Based on the estimation of the integral coefficient of efficiency of the sanatorium and resort services provision on the example of the past five years, the unevenness of the fluctuations of the main economic indicators of activity, reduction of the coefficient of financial and economic activity efficiency has been proved. Based on surveys of consumers, the average mark of the effectiveness for the provided sanatorium services was set at 3.7 points, which at the five-point scale proves the need for improving the activity of sanatorium and resort facilities under present conditions and developing special events using effective instruments stimulating the development of such enterprises. To significantly improve the efficiency of sanatorium and resort enterprises and the impact on the improvement of social and economic security in the country, a set of actions and marketing tools based on the innovative technologies at the enterprise, regional and state level. The results of the conducted research can be used by sanatorium and resort establishments in practical activity and public authorities, local self-government bodies at the level of regions and territorial communities in developing projects of development of territories and taking measures to ensure social and economic security in the country. Keywords: economic security, efficiency, measures, innovative approaches, marketing tools, assessment, sanatorium and resort establishments, social and economic security.

scholarly journals Medicine and society: micro level of social interaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-65
Author(s):  
T. V. Semina
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social System ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Social Conflicts ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Media ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Indivisible Object

This article examines the features of the interaction of social institutions of medicine and health care in modern Russian society at the micro level — within the social system “doctor — patient”. Sufficient space is given to a comparative analysis of traditional (paternalistic and collegial) and modern (informational and contractual) models of social relations between doctors and patients. Ne author highlights the factors under which the widespread use of information and contractual models in Russian realities contribute to the transformation of traditionally solidary social relations in the system under consideration into conflict ones. The article, based on the original author’s sociological research, examines the features of the conflict confrontation between doctors and patients, identifies their specific differences from traditional social conflicts. On the one hand, the conflicts that unfold in the social system “doctor — patient” are precisely social conflicts, since the interaction in this system embraces both all representatives of the medical community and practically all members of society, each of which, one way or another, becomes patient. On the other hand, if the prerequisite and then the basis of the usual conflict interaction is the presence of a single indivisible object, then in the case of a social conflict in the “doctor — patient” system, health can hardly be considered “a single and indivisible object”. Health for the subjects of this conflict is indeed an important spiritual value, but much more often the conflict arises over the rights and obligations, as well as the distribution of power among the interacting parties. Enough attention is paid to the analysis of the macro-, meso- and micro- causes of this conflict, as well as to the problem of the influence of the media on the genesis of this type of conflict relationship; tendencies that are especially characteristic in the relationship between the patient audience and the media in recent times are highlighted and revealed.

scholarly journals A Capability Approach to Understanding Sport for Social Inclusion: Agency, Structure and Organisations

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naofumi Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Capability Approach ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
The Social ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Inclusive Society

Despite the global diffusion of the term social inclusion, as well as the use of sport to promote it, questions have been raised regarding the extent to which sport is able to contribute to transforming the exclusive nature of the social structure. The lack of analytical clarity of the concept has not helped to address these questions. This article proposes a conceptual framework based on Amartya Sen’s capability approach, considering social exclusion as the denial of social relations that leads to serious deprivation of important capabilities. A person’s capabilities could potentially be improved through micro-, meso-, and macro-level social processes. At the micro level, sport-based social inclusion programmes could offer such social relations to varying degrees, though sport’s values are only relative to other leisure activities. The scale of impact depends primarily on the meso-level processes, in which the size and quality of each programme can be improved through organisational learning, and secondarily on the macro-level processes whereby the organisational population is institutionalised. It is argued that more research needs to be done on the meso and macro levels, as they are concerned with the ultimate potential of sport to facilitate structural transformation towards more socially inclusive society.

Campaign for development, social movement and revolution

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-70
Author(s):  
A.S. Adeniran
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Karl Marx ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Social movement and revolution are tools used to shape social changes. Social movement aims to advance a group’s agenda either by rectifying cultural drifts, social disorganizations and social injustice but revolution aims to unseat the government or to transform the entire political order. Based on archival evidence, this article examines the impact of social movement on the manifestations and modifications of specific socio-cultural policies of democratic governments in Nigeria. Though there are commonalities and differentials between social movements and revolutions, there is a strong linkage between the two concepts. Social movement is largely an event on a micro-level while revolution is on a macro-level. Social movement engages limited violence and often resorts to thoughtful persuasion, but revolution enlists unlimited violence that manifests in gritty coercion. However, recently in Nigeria, a number of online social movements have developed and they strive to give voice to the voiceless in the socio-political structure, as well as gaining recognition online and offline, so as to promote social development within the polity. Karl Marx upholds that conflict is inevitable in the social structure yet it can be concluded that most of the fundamental developments in human history, such as national independence, democracy, social justice, social inclusion and civil/human rights have been won on the platform of social movement. There are hierarchical or stratified social relations in the society which breeds social struggle within the class systems. Unequivocally, social movements are bound to arise wherever social conditions are unfavorable. Key words: socio-cultural, social movement, revolution, development

scholarly journals The Social Ordering of an Everyday Practice: The Case of Laundry

Sociology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 1134-1151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josephine Mylan ◽  
Dale Southerton
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Science And Technology Studies ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Sustainable Consumption ◽  
Technological Determinism ◽  
The Social ◽  
Object Use ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Coordination Activity

Sociological contributions to debates surrounding sustainable consumption have presented strong critiques of methodological individualism and technological determinism. Drawing from a range of sociological insights from the fields of consumption, everyday life and science and technology studies, these critiques emphasize the recursivity between (a) everyday performances and object use, and (b) how those performances are socially ordered. Empirical studies have, however, been criticized as being descriptive of micro-level phenomena to the exclusion of explanations of processes of reproduction or change. Developing a methodological approach that examines sequences of activities this article explores different forms of coordination (activity, inter-personal and material) that condition the temporal and material flows of laundry practices. Doing so produces an analysis that de-centres technologies and individual performances, allowing for the identification of mechanisms that order the practice of laundry at the personal, household and societal levels. These are: social relations; cultural conventions; domestic materiality; and institutionalized temporal rhythms. In conclusion, we suggest that addressing such mechanisms offers fruitful avenues for fostering more sustainable consumption, compared to dominant approaches that are founded within ‘deficit models’ of action.

Demilitarization: Unraveling the Structures of Violence

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Bickford
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
East Germany ◽  
The Social ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Interdisciplinary Inquiry ◽  
Ways Of Thinking ◽  
Cultural Constructions

This chapter presents a case study regarding East Germany after reunification, and frames it in terms of a larger and interdisciplinary inquiry into what demilitarization is all about. Narrow conceptions of demilitarization that are centered solely on the destruction of weapons fetishize weapons, and these narrow views obscure analysis of the social relations and cultural constructions upon which militarization programs are dependent. Demilitarization implies a reversal of an implicit process or program—an unraveling—of ways of thinking and sensing that made a military solution thinkable and desirable. The chapter also looks at the salient foci of demilitarization at the “micro” level of everyday life and lived experience, and how states attempt to make certain kinds of citizens.

Beyond ‘Mouridcentrism’

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-199
Author(s):  
Rita Sobczyk ◽  
Rosa Soriano
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Lived Religion ◽  
Migration Studies ◽  
Everyday Experience ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
The Social ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Sufi Order

This paper applies a ‘lived religion’ perspective to analyze how Islam is defined, practised and experienced by Senegalese migrants in Spain. The study enters into a dialogue with the existing scholarship on religion in the context of Senegalese mobility which, to a great extent, has been centred on the Mouride brotherhood. It adds to the general debate on how to analyze ‘lived religion’ by challenging the conceptualization of religion as organizational belonging. It is argued that in migration studies ‘Mouridcentrism’ has contributed to the partial invisibility of the social relations and networks formed outside this Sufi order. The findings show that interconnections among Senegalese frequently play a more significant role than brotherhood affiliation in shaping relations on a micro-level. Religion emerges as a vehicle which frequently serves to reaffirm these community dynamics influencing socio-cultural, economic and political aspects of migrants’ everyday experience.

The SRM Approach to Family Assessment

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 216-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
William L. Cook
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Family Dynamics ◽  
Family Assessment ◽  
High Risk Behaviors ◽  
Analysis Group ◽  
The Social ◽  
Direction Of Effects

Abstract. In family systems, it is possible for one to put oneself at risk by eliciting aversive, high-risk behaviors from others ( Cook, Kenny, & Goldstein, 1991 ). Consequently, it is desirable that family assessments should clarify the direction of effects when evaluating family dynamics. In this paper a new method of family assessment will be presented that identifies bidirectional influence processes in family relationships. Based on the Social Relations Model (SRM: Kenny & La Voie, 1984 ), the SRM Family Assessment provides information about the give and take of family dynamics at three levels of analysis: group, individual, and dyad. The method will be briefly illustrated by the assessment of a family from the PIER Program, a randomized clinical trial of an intervention to prevent the onset of psychosis in high-risk young people.

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