Research on the Preparation and Regeneration Condition of the Chaetomium cupreum Protoplast

2011 ◽  
Vol 183-185 ◽  
pp. 1522-1526
Author(s):  
Hui Min Yue ◽  
Qian Yang
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Osmotic Pressure ◽  
Regeneration Medium ◽  
Lytic Enzymes ◽  
Hydrolysis Temperature ◽  
Regeneration Condition ◽  
Pressure Stabilizer

The factors of species of the medium, spawn age, species of the enzyme, time of hydrolysis, hydrolysis temperature, osmotic pressure stabilizer and regeneration medium, which have important effects on the Preparation and Regeneration Condition of the Chaetomium cupreum Protoplast, were discussed in this paper. These results showed that the hydrolysis condition can be described as following: Chaetomium cupreum mycelium with spawn age about 48h, the concentration of the lytic enzymes about 2% and the time of enzymatic hydrolysis 2h. The regeneration condition of the protoplast is that: Chaetomium cupreum mycelium with the spawn age 6h, the concentration of the lytic enzymes 2%, the temperature of 25°C and the time of enzymatic hydrolysis 1.5h. We can get the Chaetomium cupreum protoplast, regenerating in the RA Medium with the sorbitol, which regeneration can be over 50%.

scholarly journals Hydrolysate from Mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis Meat: Enzymatic Hydrolysis, Optimization and Bioactive Properties

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (17) ◽  
pp. 5228
Author(s):  
Sara A. Cunha ◽  
Rita de Castro ◽  
Ezequiel R. Coscueta ◽  
Manuela Pintado
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Mytilus Galloprovincialis ◽  
Target Market ◽  
Hydrolysis Time ◽  
Bioactive Properties ◽  
Hydrolysis Temperature ◽  
Market Criteria ◽  
Enzyme Ratio ◽  
Production Conditions

Mussel production generates losses and waste since their commercialisation must be aligned with target market criteria. Since mussels are rich in proteins, their meat can be explored as a source of bioactive hydrolysates. Thus, the main objective of this study was to establish the optimal production conditions through two Box–Behnken designs to produce, by enzymatic hydrolysis (using subtilisin and corolase), hydrolysates rich in proteins and with bioactive properties. The factorial design allowed for the evaluation of the effects of three factors (hydrolysis temperature, enzyme ratio, and hydrolysis time) on protein/peptides release as well as antioxidant and anti-hypertensive properties of the hydrolysates. The hydrolysates produced using the optimised conditions using the subtilisin protease showed 45.0 ± 0.38% of protein, antioxidant activity via ORAC method of 485.63 ± 60.65 µmol TE/g of hydrolysate, and an IC50 for the inhibition of ACE of 1.0 ± 0.56 mg of protein/mL. The hydrolysates produced using corolase showed 46.35 ± 1.12% of protein, antioxidant activity of 389.48 ± 0.21 µmol TE/g of hydrolysate, and an IC50 for the inhibition of ACE of 3.7 ± 0.33 mg of protein/mL. Mussel meat losses and waste can be used as a source of hydrolysates rich in peptides with relevant bioactive properties, and showing potential for use as ingredients in different industries, such as food and cosmetics, contributing to a circular economy and reducing world waste.

scholarly journals TECHNOLOGY AND EQUIPMENT FOR PROCESSING ACTIVATED AGRICULTURAL PLANT WASTE INTO BIOETHANOL

2022 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
Dmitriy Prosvirnikov ◽  
Denis Tuncev ◽  
Bulat Ziganshin
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Pine Wood ◽  
Agricultural Plant ◽  
Plant Waste ◽  
Hydrolysis Temperature ◽  
Reducing Substances

The article is devoted to the development of technology and equipment for the production of bioethanol from agricultural plant waste, activated by the steam explosion method. The value and novelty of research lies in obtaining new data on the effective acidic and enzymatic hydrolysis of activated raw materials, and developing a technology for the conversion of plant raw materials into bioethanol. The studies were carried out on the basis of the Department of Wood Materials Processing of Kazan National Research Technological University (Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan). A pilot plant for the production of bioethanol and the principle of its operation are presented. Pine wood waste and wheat straw (collected in Kukmor region of the Republic of Tatarstan in the period August-September 2021) were used as raw materials. Steam-explosive activation of raw materials was carried out at temperatures of 165 ⁰C and 210 ⁰C for 5 minutes. Acid hydrolysis parameters: H2SO4 concentration - 0.5% and 1.5%, hydromodule 1:15, hydrolysis temperature - 187⁰C, hydrolysis duration - 5 hours. Enzymatic hydrolysis parameters: preparation - Cellulox-A (OOO PO Sibbiopharm, Russia) - 6 and 12 g/kg of raw material, hydrolysis temperature - 45 ⁰C, substrate pH 4.7 (acetate buffer), raw material concentration in the substrate 33 g/l, the duration of hydrolysis is 72 h. Alcoholic fermentation of hydrolysates was carried out at 32-34⁰C using Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast, fermentation duration 7 h, yeast concentration 25 g/l. The bioethanol yield in % of reducing substances was recalculated after determining the mass yield. It is concluded that the vapor-explosive activation of pine wood at a temperature of 210 ºC makes it possible to obtain by acid hydrolysis and anaerobic fermentation of reducing substances up to 0.26 kg (0.33 l) of ethanol from 1 kg of activated raw materials, and activation of wheat straw at the same temperature allows obtaining up to 0.172 kg (0.218 l) ethanol with 1 kg of activated straw

Study on Extracting TB from Liubao Tea with Cellulase Auxiliary Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 781-784 ◽  
pp. 1870-1874
Author(s):  
Ying Zi He ◽  
Xiao Wang ◽  
Xue Hong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Orthogonal Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Extraction Condition ◽  
Hydrolysis Time ◽  
Orthogonal Experiments ◽  
Hydrolysis Temperature

A new way using cellulase as auxiliary method to extract theabrownin (TB) from Guangxi Liubao Tea was proposed in this article. Single factor and orthogonal experiments were used to analysis the best extraction condition of TB from Tea. The effects of the enzyme dose, enzymatic hydrolysis time, enzymatic hydrolysis temperature and the PH of extraction were investigated by orthogonal test. Results showed that the order of influence factors was enzymatic hydrolysis time, the PH of extraction, enzyme dose and enzymatic hydrolysis temperature. The optimal extraction conditions were determined as follows: the dosage of cellulose 20 mg/g, the enzymatic hydrolysis time 40 min, the enzymatic hydrolysis temperature 30°C,the extraction PH=4. The highest extraction ration can attach 24.503%.

Isolation and regeneration of protoplasts fromPenicillium digitatum

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Ai-Huan ◽  
Li Hong-Ye ◽  
Liu Xiao-Hong
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Osmotic Pressure ◽  
Double Layer ◽  
Material Resource ◽  
Regeneration Rate ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Czapek Medium ◽  
Hyphal Apex ◽  
Pressure Stabilizer

AbstractThe effects of some factors on the isolation of protoplasts fromPenicillium digitatumwere studied, including the appropriate material (young mycelia and generating spores), the concentrations of enzyme and osmotic pressure stabilizers, reaction time and reaction temperature. Results demonstrated that germinating spores were an ideal material resource for the isolation ofP. digitatumprotoplasts. Highest yield and quality ofP. digitatumprotoplasts were obtained by shaking germinating spores suspended in a solution of 10 mg/ml Lywallzyme™ dissolved in 0.7 M NaCl as osmotic pressure stabilizer at 80 rev/min and 30°C for 3.0–3.5 h. The regeneration rate of the isolated protoplasts was as high as 24.9% on double-layer Czapek medium containing 0.7 M NaCl. Additionally, observation of the protoplast release pattern showed that the protoplasts ofP. digitatumwere released primarily from the hyphal apex and occasionally from the subapical or original sites of germinating tubes. The protoplasts ofP. digitatumwere regenerated in a direct manner of either yeast-like cell development or mycelium formation.

scholarly journals Extraction, purification, and biological activities of flavonoids from branches and leaves of Taxus cuspidata S. et Z.

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 2655-2682
Author(s):  
Ping Jiang ◽  
Yajie Zhao ◽  
Jia Xiong ◽  
Fei Wang ◽  
Lujie Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Enzyme Concentration ◽  
Taxus Cuspidata ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Hydrolysis Temperature ◽  
Optimized Conditions ◽  
Mcf 7

The optimal operational and process parameters were determined for the enzymatic hydrolysis and ultrasound-assisted extraction (EHUE) method of flavonoids extracted from Taxus cuspidata branches and leaves (TCBL), and the biological activity of obtained flavonoids was evaluated. According to single factor and central composite design experiments, the optimum key experimental parameters for EHUE were that pectinase enzyme concentration was 0.10 mg·mL-1, enzymatic hydrolysis temperature was 48 °C, and enzymolysis time was 39 min. The yield of flavonoids from TCBL under the optimized conditions was 5.23% ± 0.18%. Four purified flavonoid compounds from TCBL extract were identified as 1) (E)-1-methoxy-2-O-(p-coumaroyl)-myo-inositol, 2) catechin, 3) epicatechin, and 4) quercetin-3-O-glucoside. Among the 4 compounds, compounds 2 and 3 showed higher antioxidant capacities, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. The statistical analysis showed that epicatechin and catechin were potent antioxidants and active agents for inhibiting type II diabetes. In addition, all 4 compounds exerted clear antitumor activity against MCF-7, Hela, and HepG2 cells. Especially, compound 4 had highest antitumor capacity against MCF-7 and Hela, while compound 1 was best at suppressing the proliferation of HepG2 cells.

scholarly journals Production of Omega-3 Fatty Acids by Enzymatic Hydrolysis from Lemuru Fish By-Products

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 2271-2282
Author(s):  
Wawan Kosasih ◽  
Tina Rosmalina R. ◽  
Chandra Risdian ◽  
Endang Saepudin ◽  
Sri Priatni Sri Priatni
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
Hydrolysis Temperature ◽  
By Products

Production of omega-3 fatty acids from lemuru fish by-products was studied by enzymatic hydrolysis using a lipase enzyme in one liter of the batch reactor. The hydrolysis temperature of fish oil was set at 45 to 55 ℃ for 0 to 24 h, whereas agitation from 50 to 150 rpm. RSM-Box Bhenken was used to study the effect of these parameters on omega-3 (EPA, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and α-linolenic acid (ALA)) content. The % free fatty acid (FFA), acid index, peroxide index, iodine index, and saponification index of lemuru fish oil was 0.925, 2.52, 42.5, 97.28, and 160.11%, respectively. GC-MS analysis results showed that unsaturated fatty acids content (62.34%), which are consisted of omega-3 (EPA, DHA, and ALA), omega-6 and omega-9, was much higher than saturated acids (12.97%). The experiment data showed that the highest EPA (1.221%) and DHA (0.312%) content were reached at 50 ℃ and 24 h with 150 rpm of agitation. However, through the RSM-Box Bhenken analysis and 3D surface plot, it was suggested that the optimum condition was obtained at 45 ℃ and 24 h with 150 rpm of agitation with the content of EPA, DHA, and ALA were 1.709, 0.49, and 1.237%, respectively.

scholarly journals Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Lignocellulose for Bioethanol Production

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-279
Author(s):  
Linda Rozenfelde ◽  
Māris Puķe ◽  
Irēna Krūma ◽  
Ieva Poppele ◽  
Nataļja Matjuškova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Hydrolysis Time ◽  
Glucose Yield ◽  
Hydrolysis Temperature ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
C 50 ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Temperature Time ◽  
Furfural Production

Abstract The effect of temperature, time and amount of enzyme on hydrolysis of wheat straw lignocellulose remaining after furfural production was studied. The residual substrate was subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis at different temperatures — 45 °C, 50 °C and 55 °C. Hydrolysis time was 72 hours, and samples were taken every 24 hours. The maximum glucose yield (76.5% of the theoretically possible) was reached when hydrolysis temperature 50 °C was used. The production rate of glucose increased with a hydrolysis period of time. The yield of glucose significantly depended on the ratio of enzyme to substrate.

Study on Optimizate Isolation and Purification Technology of the Reed Ethanol Lignin

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 3109-3112
Author(s):  
Li Chun Zhou ◽  
Qing Wei Ping ◽  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Hai Qiang Shi
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid Concentration ◽  
Isolation And Purification ◽  
Waste Liquor ◽  
Step Procedure ◽  
Hydrolysis Temperature ◽  
Enzyme Dosage

Ethanol pulping is a kind of solvent pulping technology. The utilization of lignin in waste liquor can reduce pollution and increase high value of product. The lignin in the waste liquor could be isolated by adding water in the system after standing for several hours and purified by enzymatic and acidic hydrolysis two-step procedure. Results showed that the optimized purification conditions are as follows, enzyme dosage is 0.004g/g (to oven dry lignin), enzymatic buffer pH is 5, enzymatic hydrolysis temperature is 30°C, and hydrochloric acid concentration of acid hydrolysis is 0.055mol/L. The lignin purity is 91.61%, and the yield is 81.89%.

scholarly journals Extraction, purification and application of hydrolysed collagen from fish skin

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (05) ◽  
pp. 114-122
Author(s):  
Binh C. Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide Solution ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Fish Skin ◽  
Hydrolysis Time ◽  
Collagen Hydrolysate ◽  
Hydrolysis Temperature ◽  
Ultraviolet Ray

Collagen hydrolysate is a mixture of peptides which have molecular weight less than 20 kDa and are obtained from enzymatic hydrolysis of collagen or gelatin. It has extraordinary properties and bioactivities compared to collagen and gelatin, such as antioxidant, anti-freezing, anti-microbial, ultraviolet ray prevention, and stimulator for the healing hormones of arthritis. Thus, collagen hydrolysate is widely used in functional foods, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. The procedure to produce hydrolysate collagen from fish skin begins with the process of removing non-collagen substances, then enzymatic hydrolysis, and finally purification and fragmentation of collagen hydrolysate. The removal of non-collagen agents usually employs sodium hydroxide. Depending on the chemical composition of the fish skin, sodium hydroxide concentration ranges from 0.05 M to 0.1 M, the ratio of fish skin weight to sodium hydroxide solution is 1:10 (w/v) and soaking time is from 6 to 24 hours. Currently, many studies use protease enzymes to hydrolyze collagen. Depending on the type and source of enzyme, the collagen hydrolysate products have different degrees of hydrolysis (DH). Each type of enzyme needs to be performed at its optimum catalytic conditions such as pH, enzyme/substrate (E/S) ratio, hydrolysis temperature, hydrolysis time to achieve maximum DH and desired molecular weight of the obtained peptides. For rapid and effective separation of the collagen fragments, ultrafiltration or gel filtration chromatography are usually used.

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