Effect of Temperature on Preparation of Ammonium Polyphosphate

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 2166-2169
Author(s):  
Gou Sheng Liu ◽  
Wen Yan Chen ◽  
Yue Long Liu
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Production ◽  
Crystalline Form ◽  
Ammonium Polyphosphate ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Hydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Diammonium Hydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Crystalline Forms ◽  
Controllable Preparation ◽  
Diammonium Hydrogen

Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) with crystalline form II is usually synthesized in temperature 280-3100C, APP with crystalline form V is usually synthesized in temperature 340-3500C. By process of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, the effect of temperature on crystalline forms of APP was studied and discussed in detail. The results were informative for controllable preparation of APP in industrial production.

Effect of Ammonia on Preparation of Ammonium Polyphosphate

2011 ◽  
Vol 228-229 ◽  
pp. 828-831
Author(s):  
Gou Sheng Liu ◽  
Xian Zhi Duan
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Production ◽  
Crystalline Form ◽  
Ammonium Polyphosphate ◽  
Hydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Diammonium Hydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Ammonia Atmosphere ◽  
Xrd Techniques ◽  
Controllable Preparation ◽  
Diammonium Hydrogen

Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) was prepared by process of diammonium hydrogen phosphate at different ammonia atmosphere. XRD techniques were used to characterize the crystalline form of this product. Results showed that ammonium had significant effect on the crystalline form of prepared ammonium polyphosphate. The results were informative for controllable preparation ammonium polyphosphate in industrial production.

Preparation of Ammonium Polyphosphate by Melamine as Sole Condensing Agent

2013 ◽  
Vol 275-277 ◽  
pp. 1710-1713
Author(s):  
Yue Long Liu ◽  
Wen Yan Chen ◽  
Gou Sheng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Production ◽  
Ammonium Polyphosphate ◽  
Hydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Diammonium Hydrogen Phosphate ◽  
New Process ◽  
Ammonia Atmosphere ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Controllable Preparation ◽  
Diammonium Hydrogen

Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) is usually synthesized by heating diammonium hydrogen phosphate and phosphorus pentaoxide at ammonia atmosphere, in which phosphorus pentaoxide is used as condensing agent. In this paper, a new process is pointed out in which APP is synthesized by heating diammonium hydrogen phosphate and melamine to a certain temperature at ammonia atmosphere, melamine is used as the sole condensing agent, the XRD patterns of synthesized product are investigated and discussed in detail. The results are informative for controllable preparation of APP in industrial production.

Detection of the Intermediate in Preparation of Ammonium Polyphosphate by Temperature Factor

2013 ◽  
Vol 641-642 ◽  
pp. 193-196
Author(s):  
Gou Sheng Liu ◽  
Yue Long Liu
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Production ◽  
Temperature Factor ◽  
Ammonium Polyphosphate ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Preparation Process ◽  
Crystalline Forms ◽  
Controllable Preparation ◽  
Long Chain

Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) is a long chain polyphosphate salt, it has six crystalline forms. In preparation of APP, temperature is significant to controllably obtain a certain crystalline forms. In this paper, the effect of temperature is investigated during the preparation process of APP. Some intermediates are detected, the XRD spectra of these intermediates are discussed. The results show that temperature at 2800C is suitable for preparation of form II. With temperature increasing, water insolubility increases. The results are informative for controllable preparation of APP in industrial production.

Study on Raw Materials Ratio Factor in Synthesis of Ammonium Polyphosphate with Crystalline Form V

2013 ◽  
Vol 641-642 ◽  
pp. 285-288
Author(s):  
Gou Sheng Liu ◽  
Yue Long Liu
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Production ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Crystalline Form ◽  
Ammonium Polyphosphate ◽  
Hydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Ammonium Hydrogen ◽  
Ammonium Hydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Controllable Preparation

A non-P2O5 process to prepare ammonium polyphosphate is studied in this paper, the effect of raw materials is investigated. The XRD spectra of synthesized product are studied in detail. Results show that when the ratio of Mono-ammonium hydrogen phosphate to urea is 0.8:1, ammonium polyphosphate form V is the mostly occurrence. The results are informative for controllable preparation of APP in industrial production.

Crystalline Transformation of Ammonium Polyphosphate from Intermediate APP-X to APP-II

2011 ◽  
Vol 233-235 ◽  
pp. 105-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Long Liu ◽  
Gou Sheng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Intumescent Flame Retardant ◽  
Ammonium Polyphosphate ◽  
Hydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Diammonium Hydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Crystalline Forms ◽  
Diammonium Hydrogen

Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) is an effective intumescent flame retardant, it has different crystalline forms and therefore, different application. By process of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, the intermediate APP-X in between ammonium polyphosphate form II (APP-II) and form V (APP-V) was found and measured. The transformation process from APP-X to APP-II were studied and discussed. The XRD patterns in this process were discussed in detail so that the crystalline transformation process from APP-X and APP-II can be understood.

Effect of Wet Ammonia on Crystalline Forms of Ammonium Polyphosphate

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 2176-2179
Author(s):  
Gou Sheng Liu ◽  
Wen Yan Chen ◽  
Yue Long Liu
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
Ammonium Polyphosphate ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Engineering Plastics ◽  
Reaction Atmosphere ◽  
Crystalline Forms ◽  
Controllable Preparation

Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) has six crystalline forms, in which form II is commercially applied as flame retardant in engineering plastics such as PP and ABS, form V is extensively studied recently. In preparation of APP, the reaction atmosphere is significant to controllably obtain a certain crystalline forms. In this paper, the effect of wet ammonia is investigated. The results show that low concentration of wet ammonia is suitable for preparation of form II, while dry ammonia is suitable for preparation of form V. The results are informative for controllable preparation of APP in industrial production.

Crystalline Transformation of Ammonium Polyphosphate From Intermediate APP-X to APP-V

2011 ◽  
Vol 233-235 ◽  
pp. 109-112
Author(s):  
Yue Long Liu ◽  
Gou Sheng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Transformation Process ◽  
Ammonium Polyphosphate ◽  
Hydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Diammonium Hydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Diammonium Hydrogen

APP-V can be transformed to APP-I and APP-II, and APP-II can also be transformed to APP-V. However, the crystalline transformation process is not well known. By process of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, the intermediate APP-X in between ammonium polyphosphate form II (APP-II) and form V (APP-V) was found and measured. The transformation process from APP-X to APP-V were studied and discussed. The XRD patterns in this process were discussed in detail so that the crystalline transformation process from APP-X and APP-V can be understood.

Ammonium Polyphosphate Crystalline Transformation from Form II to Form V

2011 ◽  
Vol 228-229 ◽  
pp. 832-835
Author(s):  
Gou Sheng Liu ◽  
Xian Zhi Duan
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
Intumescent Flame Retardant ◽  
Ammonium Polyphosphate ◽  
Crystalline Forms ◽  
Controllable Preparation

Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) is an effective intumescent flame retardant, it has different crystalline forms and therefore, different application. The crystalline transformation from form II to form V was measured. The results were informative for controllable preparation ammonium polyphosphate in industrial production.

Selection of Dehydration Temperature to Prepare Ammonium Polyphosphate with Crystalline Form V by Phosphoric Acid Process

2013 ◽  
Vol 668 ◽  
pp. 203-206
Author(s):  
Gou Sheng Liu ◽  
Yue Long Liu
Keyword(s):  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
Crystalline Form ◽  
Ammonium Polyphosphate ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Ammonia Atmosphere ◽  
Acid Process ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Controllable Preparation ◽  
Selection Of

Ammonium polyphosphate form V (APP-V) is prepared by melting phosphoric acid and melamine in ammonia atmosphere. The effect of dehydration temperature is studied by detailed investigation of the XRD patterns during the synthesis process. Results show that temperature higher than 3000C is suitable for preparation of APP-V. However, some impure other crystals are still coexisted in the synthesized product. The results are informative for controllable preparation of APP in industrial production

Detection of the Intermediate in Preparation of Ammonium Polyphosphate by Ammoniating Rate Factor

2013 ◽  
Vol 641-642 ◽  
pp. 189-192
Author(s):  
Gou Sheng Liu ◽  
Yue Long Liu
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Production ◽  
Ammonium Polyphosphate ◽  
Preparation Process ◽  
Ammonia Atmosphere ◽  
Crystalline Forms ◽  
Controllable Preparation

Ammonia atmosphere is significant to controllably obtain a certain crystalline forms. In this paper, the effect of ammoniating rate is investigated. Some intermediates are detected during the preparation process of APP, the XRD spectra of these intermediates are discussed. The results show that low ammoniating rate is suitable for preparation of APP form II. With ammoniating rate increasing, most of the crystals transform to APP V in the intermediate and water insolubility of the product increases. The results are informative for controllable preparation of APP in industrial production.

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