The Effect of Multispectral Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) on the Activation of Morphogenic Processes in Cell Culture of Rice Oryza Sativa l

2018 ◽  
Vol 386 ◽  
pp. 236-243
Author(s):  
Yuriy Nikolaevich Kulchin ◽  
Vera Nikolaevna Zmeeva ◽  
Evgenii Petrovich Subbotin ◽  
Artem Andreevich Kostyanko
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Spectral Composition ◽  
Maximum Intensity ◽  
Light Irradiation ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Control Structures ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Intensity Parameters ◽  
Deep Yellow ◽  
Fluorescent Lighting

The influence of light irradiation with different intensity parameters and different spectral composition on morphogenic structures, namely green zones of cultivar Dolinny cell cultures was investigated. Light irradiation was generated by 10 types of LEDs with different spectra: cold white (Cold W), white (W), warm white (Warm W), Full spectrum, Red, Deep Red, Yellow, Green, Blue and Royal Blue. It was shown that LEDs with Cold W, W and Royal Blue more actively influenced on green zones generation, while Red, Red Deep, Yellow и Green displayed no results. Standard fluorescent lighting illumination (WFL) was used as a control. The number of induced green zones was lower under control luminescent light (WFL) in comparison with the green zones, which were induced by the illumination of the most active spectra of LEDs, but lifetime of these control structures was longer. After 19 weeks of cultivation, degradation of the green zones of the calli was not observed under control and LEDs Cold W, Warm W, and Blue in the position with maximal intensity of light. The Royal Blue illumination displayed the same results not only in the position with maximum intensity but also at the other intensities approaching the control values (49,3 230 μmol/s*m2).

Enhanced Cyan Emission and Optical Tuning of Ca 3 Ga 4 O 9 :Bi 3+ for High‐Quality Full‐Spectrum White Light‐Emitting Diodes

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (22) ◽  
pp. 2001037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongjie Liu ◽  
Xiaohan Yun ◽  
Guogang Li ◽  
Peipei Dang ◽  
Maxim S. Molokeev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Light ◽  
Light Emitting Diodes ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
White Light Emitting Diodes

Optimization of Spectral Composition and Energy Economy Effectiveness of Phyto-Irradiators With Use of Digital Technologies

2020 ◽  
pp. 191-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Stepanovich Mironyuk ◽  
Alexander Smirnov ◽  
Alexander V. Sokolov ◽  
Yuri Proshkin
Keyword(s):  
Technology Use ◽  
Spectral Composition ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Comparative Tests ◽  
Energy Economy ◽  
Laboratory Investigations ◽  
Supplementary Lighting ◽  
Definition Of

It is known that in the case of technology use of the supplementary lighting, an irradiation spectral composition heavily influences the effectiveness of the photosynthesis processes, development and productivity of vegetable crops. Hence, the definition of general points at development and projecting of modern phyto-irradiators is one of high-priority tasks in techniques development for plants growing in conditions of protected ground. The research is aimed at reviewing and assessing the effectiveness of existing sources of illumination used in modern systems of supplementary lighting and at deduction of general points of development and projecting of phyto-irradiators based on results of laboratory investigations with the use of modern digital technologies of monitoring and data analysis. The results of the comparative tests of light emitting diodes-based phyto-irradiators showed that the energy consumption per product kilogram is less than in the case of LED-irradiators. Based on the research results, general points were deducted for use at development of modern LED-phyto-irradiators.

Gated Word Recognition by Postlingually Deafened Adults With Cochlear Implants: Influence of Semantic Context

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chhayakanta Patro ◽  
Lisa Lucks Mendel
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Word Processing ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
Spectral Composition ◽  
Semantic Context ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Spoken Words ◽  
Vocoded Speech

PurposeThe main goal of this study was to investigate the minimum amount of sensory information required to recognize spoken words (isolation points [IPs]) in listeners with cochlear implants (CIs) and investigate facilitative effects of semantic contexts on the IPs.MethodListeners with CIs as well as those with normal hearing (NH) participated in the study. In Experiment 1, the CI users listened to unprocessed (full-spectrum) stimuli and individuals with NH listened to full-spectrum or vocoder processed speech. IPs were determined for both groups who listened to gated consonant-nucleus-consonant words that were selected based on lexical properties. In Experiment 2, the role of semantic context on IPs was evaluated. Target stimuli were chosen from the Revised Speech Perception in Noise corpus based on the lexical properties of the final words.ResultsThe results indicated that spectrotemporal degradations impacted IPs for gated words adversely, and CI users as well as participants with NH listening to vocoded speech had longer IPs than participants with NH who listened to full-spectrum speech. In addition, there was a clear disadvantage due to lack of semantic context in all groups regardless of the spectral composition of the target speech (full spectrum or vocoded). Finally, we showed that CI users (and users with NH with vocoded speech) can overcome such word processing difficulties with the help of semantic context and perform as well as listeners with NH.ConclusionWord recognition occurs even before the entire word is heard because listeners with NH associate an acoustic input with its mental representation to understand speech. The results of this study provide insight into the role of spectral degradation on the processing of spoken words in isolation and the potential benefits of semantic context. These results may also explain why CI users rely substantially on semantic context.

scholarly journals Long-Term Comparison of Attraction of Flying Insects to Streetlights after the Transition from Traditional Light Sources to Light-Emitting Diodes in Urban and Peri-Urban Settings

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 6198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy H. A. van Grunsven ◽  
Julia Becker ◽  
Stephanie Peter ◽  
Stefan Heller ◽  
Franz Hölker
Keyword(s):  
Light Emitting Diodes ◽  
Spectral Composition ◽  
Mercury Vapor ◽  
World Market ◽  
Relative Difference ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Urban Settings ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
The Impact

Among the different light sources used for street lighting, light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are likely to dominate the world market in the coming years. At the same time, the spectral composition of nocturnal illumination is changing. Europe and many other areas worldwide have implemented bans on energy-inefficient lamps, such as the still very common mercury vapor lamps. However, the impact of artificial light on insects is mostly tested with light-traps or flight-intercept traps that are used for short periods only. By comparing the numbers of insects attracted by street lamps before and after replacing mercury vapor light sources (MV) with light emitting diodes, we assessed the impact in more typical (urban and peri-urban) settings over several years. We found that LED attracted approximately half of the number of insects compared to MV lights. Furthermore, most insect groups are less drawn by LED than by MV, while Hymenoptera are less attracted by MV than by LED. Thus, the composition of the attracted communities differed between the light sources, which may impact ecosystem processes and functions. In green peri-urban settings more insects are attracted than in an urban setting, but the relative difference between the light sources is the same.

scholarly journals Light Spectral Composition Influences Structural and Eco-Physiological Traits of Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. ‘Microtom’ in Response to High-LET Ionizing Radiation

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1752
Author(s):  
Ermenegilda Vitale ◽  
Luca Vitale ◽  
Giulia Costanzo ◽  
Violeta Velikova ◽  
Tsonko Tsonev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Spectral Composition ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Leaf Water Status ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L

This study evaluated if specific light quality (LQ) regimes (white fluorescent, FL; full-spectrum, FS; red-blue, RB) during plant growth modified morphological and photosynthetic traits of Solanum lycopersicum L. ‘Microtom’ plants irradiated at the dry seed stage with 25 Gy 48Ca ions (IR). The irradiation reduced plant size while it increased leaf dry matter content (LDMC) and relative water content (RWC) compared to the control. FS and RB light regimes determined a decrease of plant height and a rise of RWC compared to FL plants. The irradiation under FS and RB regimes favoured the development of dwarf plants and improved the leaf water status. Under the FL regime, irradiated plants showed reduced photosynthesis and stomatal conductance. The opposite behavior was observed in RB irradiated plants in which gas exchanges were significantly stimulated. RB regime enhanced Rubisco expression in irradiated plants also inducing anatomical and functional adjustments (i.e., increase of leaf thickness and incidence of intercellular spaces). Finally, 48Ca ions did not prevent fruit ripening and the achievement of the ‘seed-to seed’ cycle, irrespective of the LQ regime. Overall, the present study evidenced that RB light regime was the most effective in optimising growth and photosynthetic efficiency of ‘Microtom’ irradiated plants. These outcomes may help to develop proper cultivation protocols for the growth of dwarf tomato in Controlled Ecological Life Support Systems (CELSS).

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