Utilization of Sugar Sediment Waste for a Low Cost Lightweight Concrete Development with Environmental Impact Reduction

2017 ◽  
Vol 730 ◽  
pp. 369-374
Author(s):  
Atthakorn Thongtha ◽  
Somchai Maneewan ◽  
Chantana Punlek
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
Impact Reduction ◽  
Wide Scale ◽  
Aerated Concrete ◽  
The Cost

Waste sugar sediment was included in the mix of lightweight concrete. The optimum mix that we identified was 10% by weight replacement of lime by sugar sediment. The resultant product exhibited the highest compressive strength of approximately 5.5 N/mm2, and demonstrated that a substantial proportion of the 872 million kgs of waste sugar sediment produced in Thailand per year could be diverted from landfills, providing substantial economic and environmental benefits. Our analysis indicates that about 13 million kgs of lime could be replaced by an equal amount of sugar sediment, 13 million kgs, per year, if the improved composition of lightweight autoclaved aerated concrete is adopted by the construction industry on a wide scale. As the cost of lime is about 2 Baht per kg, and sugar sediment is essentially a free input, an estimated 26,000,000 Baht per year savings is achievable. The economic, environmental and health impacts of reducing this industrial waste going into landfill areas by 13 million kgs per year must also be seen as substantial.

scholarly journals LEED Study of Green Lightweight Aggregates in Construction

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1395
Author(s):  
Fahad K. Alqahtani ◽  
Ibrahim S. Abotaleb ◽  
Sara Harb
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Lightweight Aggregates ◽  
Leed Certification ◽  
Sustainability Performance

Decreasing the demand for natural aggregates is doubly justified by the significant contribution of the construction industry to the unsustainable development path of the natural environment, and the projected global increase of the consumption of construction aggregates. Extensive research has been carried out on the physical and mechanical properties of concrete which incorporates plastic as aggregates; yet, no single study has been able to draw on structured research which demonstrates the improved sustainability performance of plastic-based aggregates to support sustainable development in the construction industry for a project seeking Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certification. The goal of this research is to explore the potential benefits that green processed lightweight aggregates (PLA) can provide to a project seeking LEED certification in accordance with the requirements of LEED v4 for Building Design and Construction. The objectives are to: (1) determine which LEED credit requirements can be met through using the studied material; (2) provide a comprehensive analysis of the applicable attainable LEED credits, given the existing technical information of the selected material, and (3) provide guidelines to maximize further credit attainment. To this end, the findings indicated that the use of PLA as a total replacement for coarse aggregates in lightweight concrete applications would contribute to earning directly up to 8 points (out of 110 total points) towards LEED certification. Such significant number allows for the potential increase of the project’s certification by one level. This is the first study of its kind to investigate the improved sustainability performance of recycled plastic aggregates from a LEED point of view. Moreover, the guidelines provided by the research will enable developers to maximize the financial and environmental benefits of their buildings through the reduced lifecycle cost and the enhanced LEED score. This research should encourage project teams to incorporate the knowledge of sustainable practices, and play an active role in sustainable development.

scholarly journals Tradeoffs among Ecosystem Services, Performance Certainty, and Cost-efficiency in Implementation of the Chesapeake Bay Total Maximum Daily Load

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 196-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa A. Wainger ◽  
George Van Houtven ◽  
Ross Loomis ◽  
Jay Messer ◽  
Robert Beach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chesapeake Bay ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Pollution Abatement ◽  
Total Maximum Daily Load ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Potomac River ◽  
Compliance Costs ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Total Maximum ◽  
Daily Load

The cost-effectiveness of total maximum daily load (TMDL) programs depends heavily on program design. We develop an optimization framework to evaluate design choices for the TMDL for the Potomac River, a Chesapeake Bay sub-basin. Scenario results suggest that policies inhibiting nutrient trading or offsets between point and nonpoint sources increase compliance costs markedly and reduce ecosystem service co-benefits relative to a least-cost solution. Key decision tradeoffs highlighted by the analysis include whether agricultural production should be exchanged for low-cost pollution abatement and other environmental benefits and whether lower compliance costs and higher co-benefits provide adequate compensation for lower certainty of water-quality outcomes.

scholarly journals A Brief Note on the Heap Leaching Technologies for the Recovery of Valuable Metals

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thriveni Thenepalli ◽  
Ramakrishna Chilakala ◽  
Lulit Habte ◽  
Lai Quang Tuan ◽  
Chun Sik Kim
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Precious Metals ◽  
Heap Leaching ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Energy Applications ◽  
Leaching Process ◽  
Attractive Option ◽  
Industrial Mining ◽  
The Cost

Heap leaching is a low-cost technology used in industrial mining to recover precious metals such as gold and uranium, along with several other highly sought after metals like copper, from their primary resources (ores and minerals). For many decades, there has been a growing demand for heap leaching due to its environmental benefits. Heap leaching provides mining operators with a benign, effective and economical solution for the environment and produces only minor emissions from furnaces. The cost of the heap leaching process is low, making this process an attractive option from a financial standpoint. Here, we shall present a brief review of the heap leaching process when applied to the extraction of different metals from primary resources (ores and minerals). This paper presents a roadmap to satisfy future national demands for rare earth elements (REEs). This heap leaching process is applicable for the recovery of REEs from secondary resources such as mining and coal residues. Heap leaching plays a significant role in the recovery of critical elements which are used in clean and green energy applications. In the mining sector, heap leaching is a distinguished method for the recovery of valuable/beneficial metals from low-quality ore. In the present study, we shall report briefly on the heap leaching technologies for valuable metal recovery with economic advantages.

scholarly journals Performance of FRC Produced with Mineral Admixtures and Waste Plastic Fibers Under Sulfate Attack

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6S4) ◽  
pp. 1101-1107
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Sulfate Solution ◽  
Sulfate Attack ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Steel Fibers ◽  
Mineral Admixtures ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Waste Plastic ◽  
The Cost

Fiber reinforce concrete has been in use for more than 30 years now. It is a kind of high strength concrete used in construction industry particularly for structures carrying tensile loads. Use of fiber reinforced concrete imparts higher tensile, flexural strength, shear strength and crack resistance property to the structure. Also it is seen that FRC can be used in the construction in sulfate environment as the steel fibers help in resisting deterioration of concrete due to sulfate ions. But production of FRC is quite expensive. Currently construction industry is focusing more on low cost construction by different ways like by replacing cement by some of the mineral admixtures that are actually waste products and hence if properly used in concrete can reduce the cost of concrete. Replacing steel fibers with waste plastic fibers will also reduce the cost provided that the replacement percentage is low. Here in this work an effort is made to develop FRC by replacing a part of cement by mineral admixtures Viz., Ground granulated blast furnace slag, Silica fume, Metakaolin and steel fibers by Waste plastic fibers. And the samples thus produced will be subjected to sulfate attack by immersing them in sulfate solution for a period of 90days and these samples were then tested for their strength Viz., Compression, tensile, Flexure and shear. It was seen that we can effectively replace cement by 20% and that too replacing cement with GGBS is more beneficial as it does not reduce strength as much as it can be seen with other mineral admixtures. Also we can replace steel fibers by 50% by waste plastic fibers.

scholarly journals Utilization of Construction and Demolition Waste Along with Fly Ash waste in Preparing Non-Autoclaved Aerated Concrete

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 103-109
Author(s):  
Qunshan Wei ◽  
◽  
Kashif Ali Panhwar ◽  
Zuhair Nadeem ◽  
Kai Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Autoclaved Aerated Concrete ◽  
Aerated Concrete

China’s construction industries are rapidly increasing, and with that generation of Construction and Demolition waste is also growing, and another side industrial waste such as fly ash produced by a thermal power plant, Associated environmental issues, it is essential to utilize in any form; Studies by concrete experts have indicated the feasibility of suitably handling and recycling such waste in new concrete, mainly for basic-level applications. Non-autoclaved aerated concrete is a lightweight substance that could be used as substitute building materials; it is generally made up of raw materials such as Cement, quicklime, gypsum, sand, and expansion agent like an aluminum powder; in this study, 40% waste utilized, Construction and demolition waste (5%,10%,15%,20% ………40%) and Fly ash (35%,30%,25%,20%......0%) accordingly, while expansion agent maintained constant at 0.06%. The compressive strength of the final material checked after (7,14,21 and 28 days) respectively, obtained maximum strength after 28 days; this study goals to design a low cost, Non-autoclaved aerated concrete material and to reuse the waste produced from different sectors, mainly from the construction sector Keywords: Non-Autoclaved concrete, Lightweight concrete, Eco-friendly, Construction and Demolition waste, Fly ash

scholarly journals Examination of Bearing Walls Regarding Their Environmental Performance

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Estokova ◽  
Marcela Ondova ◽  
Martina Wolfova ◽  
Alena Paulikova ◽  
Stanislav Toth
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Human Health Damage ◽  
Environmental Properties ◽  
Aerated Concrete ◽  
Optimal Material ◽  
The Cost

A comprehensive understanding of the environmental impacts of buildings is not possible without knowledge of the technical and environmental properties of the materials that are used for their construction. This paper evaluates the environmental impacts of 156 material variations of conventional compositions of external bearing walls, which represent a significant part of a building’s envelope. Environmental (embodied energy, global warming potential, effects to human health, damage to ecosystems, and resources availability) and technical (surface temperature, number of layers, thickness, and weight) parameters are investigated for structures with similar heat transfer coefficients (U = 0.21–0.22 W/(m2·K)). Based on a multi-criteria analysis, an optimal material composition, consisting of aerated concrete with graphite polystyrene, was identified. By analyzing the costs of the best material compositions, it is observed that constructions with environmental benefits do not result in an increase in the cost of the construction. On the contrary, at present, they represent an approximately 10% cheaper solution.

scholarly journals Microalgae Growth under Mixotrophic Condition Using Agro-Industrial Waste: A Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabel Pereira ◽  
Adriano Rangel ◽  
Bruna Chagas ◽  
Bruno de Moura ◽  
Stela Urbano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Microalgae Cultivation ◽  
Mixotrophic Condition ◽  
Cultivation Mode ◽  
The Cost ◽  
By Products ◽  
Microalgae Growth

Microalgae has a great potential to produce biofuels and bioproduct but the cost is still too high mainly due to the biomass production. Mixotrophic cultivation has been pointed as microalgae cultivation mode for biomass/bioenergy production with lower cost and able to make remediation of organic waste. The proposals of this work was to make a review of microalgae growth under mixotrophic condition using agro-industrial waste. Agro-industrial by-products and wastes are of great interest as cultivation medium for microorganisms because of their low cost, renewable nature, and abundance. However biotechnological technologies are necessary to develop the production of microalgae on a large scale.

Advance Protection for Three Phase Induction Motor using Microcontroller Atmega32

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 172
Author(s):  
Karan S Belsare ◽  
Gajanan D Patil
Keyword(s):  
Induction Motor ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Cost Factor ◽  
Protection Scheme ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
The Cost

A low cost and reliable protection scheme has been designed for a three phase induction motor against unbalance voltages, under voltage, over voltage, short circuit and overheating protection. Taking the cost factor into consideration the design has been proposed using microcontroller Atmega32, MOSFETs, relays, small CTs and PTs. However the sensitivity of the protection scheme has been not compromised. The design has been tested online in the laboratory for small motors and the same can be implemented for larger motors by replacing the i-v converters and relays of suitable ratings.

Janus – A New Approach to Air Combat Pilot Training

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (4) ◽  
pp. 7-22
Author(s):  
Georges Bridel ◽  
Zdobyslaw Goraj ◽  
Lukasz Kiszkowiak ◽  
Jean-Georges Brévot ◽  
Jean-Pierre Devaux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Training System ◽  
Embedded Sensors ◽  
Pilot Training ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Combat Aircraft ◽  
Air Combat ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Advanced jet training still relies on old concepts and solutions that are no longer efficient when considering the current and forthcoming changes in air combat. The cost of those old solutions to develop and maintain combat pilot skills are important, adding even more constraints to the training limitations. The requirement of having a trainer aircraft able to perform also light combat aircraft operational mission is adding unnecessary complexity and cost without any real operational advantages to air combat mission training. Thanks to emerging technologies, the JANUS project will study the feasibility of a brand-new concept of agile manoeuvrable training aircraft and an integrated training system, able to provide a live, virtual and constructive environment. The JANUS concept is based on a lightweight, low-cost, high energy aircraft associated to a ground based Integrated Training System providing simulated and emulated signals, simulated and real opponents, combined with real-time feedback on pilot’s physiological characteristics: traditionally embedded sensors are replaced with emulated signals, simulated opponents are proposed to the pilot, enabling out of sight engagement. JANUS is also providing new cost effective and more realistic solutions for “Red air aircraft” missions, organised in so-called “Aggressor Squadrons”.

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