Effluents in Manufacturing of the Titanium Products and their Processing in a Membrane Cell with Monopolar and Bipolar Membranes

2018 ◽  
Vol 769 ◽  
pp. 181-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolay Alekseevich Bykovsky ◽  
Lyudmila N. Puchkova ◽  
Vadim S. Fanakov ◽  
Nadezhda F. Fanakova
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Titanium Hydroxide ◽  
Process Scheme ◽  
Bipolar Membranes ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Hydroxide Precipitate ◽  
Neutralization Process ◽  
Membrane Cell

The article presents results of researches on treatment of spent acid etching solution (SAES) formed during etching of titanium products by hydrochloric acid. The process includes neutralization of SAES with alkali, filtering, drying and calcinations of titanium hydroxide precipitate and electrochemical processing of the filtrate containing sodium chloride in a cell with ion exchange membranes. During electrolysis, sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid are produced. The proposed process scheme of SAES treatment allows to obtain titanium dioxide, sodium hydroxide and acid. Titanium dioxide can be used in paint and coatings industry. Alkali can be used in SAES neutralization process. The acid is suitable for use in etching process of titanium products.

Waste Water from the Production of Titanium Products as a Raw Material for the Ti(OH)4, NaOH and HCl Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-11
Author(s):  
N.A. Bykovsky ◽  
E.A. Kantor ◽  
M.A. Malkova ◽  
L.N. Puchkova ◽  
N.N. Fanakova
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Titanium Hydroxide ◽  
Pickling Solution ◽  
Hydroxide Precipitate ◽  
Neutralization Process

The study of the spent acidic pickling solution (SAPS) processing is presented. The solution is formed in the process of etching titanium products with hydrochloric acid. The processing includes the stages of neutralizing the SAPS with alkali, filtration and drying of the titanium hydroxide precipitate, electrochemical processing of the filtrate containing sodium chloride in an electrolyzer with ion-exchange membranes. The electrolysis process produces sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid. The proposed scheme for processing the SAPS makes it possible to obtain titanium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid. Titanium hydroxide can be used in various industries. Alkali can be used in the SAPS neutralization process. Hydrochloric acid after the adjustment is suitable for use in the etching of titanium products.

Electrochemical Recycling of Still Waste Liquid in Ammonia Soda Production

2017 ◽  
Vol 743 ◽  
pp. 342-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolay Alekseevich Bykovsky ◽  
Pavel Azizurovich Rahman ◽  
Lyudmila Nikolaevna Puchkova ◽  
Nadezhda Nikolaevna Fanakova
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Scientific Paper ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Recycling Process ◽  
Insoluble Form ◽  
Membrane Cell ◽  
Soda Ash

This scientific paper deals with the waste recycling process of soda ash production which comprised processing the still waste liquid with obtaining calcium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid. Still waste liquid was treated with sodium hydroxide to transform calcium as fully as possible into insoluble form of calcium hydroxide. After detachment of precipitate, the filtrate consisting mainly of sodium chloride was treated by a three-compartment membrane cell. Authors have examined the main regularities of still waste liquid recycling on the basis of the specified method. It has been shown that the process can be organized without the use of chemicals.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing the Formation of Sodium Hydroxide by an Ion Exchange Membrane Cell

Batteries ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Jimmy Aurelio Rosales-Huamani ◽  
Juan Taumaturgo Medina-Collana ◽  
Zoila Margarita Diaz-Cordova ◽  
Jorge Alberto Montaño-Pisfil
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Electrolytic Cell ◽  
Electrolysis Time ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Graphite Electrodes ◽  
Exchange Membrane ◽  
Membrane Cell ◽  
Production Cell

The present study aimed to evaluate the factors that influence the formation of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) by means of an electrolytic cell with ion exchange membranes. To achieve this experiment, the NaOH production cell had to be designed and built inexpensively, using graphite electrodes. The operational parameters in our study were: initial NaOH concentration, applied voltage, and temperature. All experiments were carried out using model NaCl solutions with a concentration of 40 g/L for 150 min. The results of the experiment were that the NaOH concentration, conductivity, and pH presented an increasing linear trend with the electrolysis time. Finally, it was possible to obtain the efficiency level of the electric current in our investigation, which was an average of 80.2%, that indicated good performance of the built cell.

scholarly journals Kinetics of Substituted Bis- and Mono-azo Dyes as Corrosion Inhibitors for Aluminium in Hydrochloric Acid and Sodium Hydroxide Solutions

1999 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 408-409
Author(s):  
Loutfy H. Madkour ◽  
R. M. Issa ◽  
I. M. El-Ghrabawy
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Thermodynamic Model ◽  
Corrosion Inhibitors ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Alkaline Corrosion

This investigation is designed to apply an advanced kinetic–thermodynamic model on the data obtained from acidic and alkaline corrosion of aluminium using bis- and mono-azo dyes as corrosion inhibitors.

scholarly journals Pretreatment of Wood and Char Samples

Radiocarbon ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 342-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyman Schultz ◽  
L. A. Currie ◽  
F. R. Matson ◽  
W. W. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Large Volume ◽  
Simple Procedure ◽  
Chemical Substance ◽  
Original Material ◽  
Chemical Examination ◽  
Free Sample

It has been shown that contamination from humic acids, chitin, fungal products, etc., contributing young carbon, and from bitumen and carbonate, contributing old carbon, may not be completely removed from wood and char samples by the usual hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide pretreatments of the samples. A procedure is offered for the isolation of a pure chemical substance from such samples, cellulose from wood and uncombined carbon from char, that must represent the original material. Cellulose is prepared by boiling the resin-free sample in 1.25% H2SO4 and 1.25% NaOH, adding Schweitzer's reagent, filtering, and precipitating from the filtrate by acidification. Uncombined carbon is separated from char samples as the flocculant precipitate remaining after boiling in 70% HNO3, followed by settling overnight from a large volume of 6M HNO3. A simple procedure for the chemical examination of char samples is also offered for the estimation of the amounts of bitumen, carbonate, combined, and uncombined carbon in char.

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