scholarly journals Ten-Year Epidemiology of Ankle Injuries in Men's and Women's Collegiate Soccer Players

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 881-888
Author(s):  
Matthew Gulbrandsen ◽  
David E. Hartigan ◽  
Karan A. Patel ◽  
Justin L Makovicka ◽  
Sailesh V Tummala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Injury Rate ◽  
Injury Surveillance ◽  
Ankle Injuries ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Lateral Ligament ◽  
Deltoid Ligament ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Ankle Sprains ◽  
Injury Rates

Context Data from the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Injury Surveillance Program (ISP) have indicated that ankle injuries are the most common injuries among NCAA soccer players. Objective To review 10 years of NCAA-ISP data for soccer players' ankle injuries to understand how the time period (2004–2005 through 2008–2009 versus 2009–2010 through 2013–2014), anatomical structure injured, and sex of the athlete affected the injury rate, mechanism, and prognosis. Design Descriptive epidemiology study. Setting Online injury surveillance. Main Outcome Measure(s) The NCAA-ISP was queried for men's and women's soccer ankle data from 2004 to 2014. Ankle-injury rates were calculated on the basis of injuries per 1000 athlete-exposures. Rate ratios (RRs) were used to compare injury rates. Injury proportion ratios (IPRs) were used to compare injury characteristics. Results When compared with the 2004–2005 through 2008–2009 seasons, the 2009–2010 through 2013–2014 seasons showed a similar rate of injuries (RR = 0.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.85, 1.04) but fewer days missed (P < .001) and fewer recurrent injuries (IPR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.41, 0.74). The 4 most common ankle injuries, which accounted for 95% of ankle injuries, were lateral ligament complex tears (65.67%), tibiofibular ligament (high ankle) sprains (10.3%), contusions (10.1%), and medial (deltoid) ligament tears (9.77%). Of these injuries, high ankle sprains were most likely to cause athletes to miss ≥30 days (IPR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.24, 2.90). Men and women had similar injury rates (RR = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.94, 1.11). Men had more contact injuries (IPR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.16, 1.41) and contusion injuries (IPR = 1.34, CI = 1.03, 1.73) but fewer noncontact injuries (IPR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.78, 0.95) and lateral ligamentous complex injuries (IPR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.86, 0.98). Conclusions Although the rate of ankle injuries did not change between the 2004–2005 through 2008–2009 seasons and the 2009–2010 through 2013–2014 seasons, the prognoses improved. Among the 4 most common ankle injuries, high ankle sprains resulted in the worst prognosis. Overall, male and female NCAA soccer players injured their ankles at similar rates; however, men were more likely to sustain contact injuries.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Men's Cross-Country: 2014–2015 Through 2018–2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 629-635
Author(s):  
Avinash Chandran ◽  
Sarah N. Morris ◽  
Adrian J. Boltz ◽  
Hannah J. Robison ◽  
Christy L. Collins
Keyword(s):  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Injury Rate ◽  
Injury Surveillance ◽  
Lateral Ligament ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Ankle Sprains ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Rate Ratios

Context The National Collegiate Athletic Association has sponsored men's cross-country programs since 1938, and the sport has grown greatly in scope since then. Background Routine examinations of men's cross-country injuries are important for identifying emerging temporal patterns. Methods Exposure and injury data collected in the National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance Program during 2014–2015 through 2018–2019 were analyzed. Injury counts, rates, and proportions were used to describe injury characteristics, and injury rate ratios were used to examine differential injury rates. Results The overall injury rate was 4.01 per 1000 athlete-exposures (AEs). Most reported injuries were inflammatory conditions (30.2%), strains (18.7%), and sprains (11.5%); rates of inflammatory conditions were highest in preseason. The most commonly reported injuries were lateral ligament complex tears (ankle sprains; 8.2%). Summary Findings of this study were not entirely consistent with existing evidence; continued monitoring of competition injury rates and rates of commonly reported injuries is needed beyond 2018–2019.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Foot and Ankle Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Men’s and Women’s Ice Hockey

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 232596711986590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven G. Crowley ◽  
David P. Trofa ◽  
J. Turner Vosseller ◽  
Prakash Gorroochurn ◽  
Lauren H. Redler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Injury Surveillance ◽  
Ice Hockey ◽  
Ankle Injuries ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Ankle Sprains ◽  
Foot And Ankle ◽  
Time Loss ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Hockey Players

Background: Ice hockey is a high-speed contact sport in which athletes are prone to many different injuries. While past studies have examined overall injury rates in ice hockey, foot and ankle injuries among collegiate ice hockey players have yet to be analyzed. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to elucidate the epidemiology of foot and ankle injuries among collegiate ice hockey players utilizing data from the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Injury Surveillance Program. We hypothesized that male ice hockey players would sustain more injuries compared with female ice hockey players and that the injuries sustained would be more severe. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: Data on all foot and ankle injuries sustained during the academic years 2004 through 2014 were obtained from the NCAA Injury Surveillance Program. Injury rates, rate ratios (RRs), and injury proportion ratios were reported with 95% CIs. Results: Over the study period, the overall rate of foot and ankle injuries for men was higher than that for women (413 vs 103 injuries, respectively; RR, 4.01 [95% CI, 3.23-4.97]). Injury rates were highest during the regular season for both men (358 injuries; RR, 64.78 [95% CI, 58.07-71.49]) and women (89 injuries; RR, 38.37 [95% CI, 30.40-46.35]) compared with the preseason or postseason. The most common injury in men was a foot and/or toe contusion (22.5%), while women most commonly sustained a low ankle sprain (31.1%). For men, foot and/or toe contusions accounted for the most non–time loss (≤24 hours ) and moderate time-loss (2-13 days) injuries, while high ankle sprains accounted for the most severe time-loss (≥14 days) injuries. For women, foot and/or toe contusions accounted for the most non–time loss injuries, low ankle sprains accounted for the most moderate time-loss injuries, and high ankle sprains accounted for the most severe time-loss injuries. Conclusion: Foot and ankle injuries were frequent among collegiate ice hockey players during the period studied. For men, contusions were the most commonly diagnosed injury, although high ankle sprains resulted in the most significant time lost. For women, low ankle sprains were the most common and resulted in the most moderate time lost. These findings may direct future injury prevention and guide improvements in ice skate design.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Men's Soccer: 2014–2015 Through 2018–2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 659-665
Author(s):  
Avinash Chandran ◽  
Sarah N. Morris ◽  
Adrian J. Boltz ◽  
Hannah J. Robison ◽  
Christy L. Collins
Keyword(s):  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Injury Rate ◽  
Temporal Patterns ◽  
Lateral Ligament ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Ankle Sprains ◽  
Epidemiological Evidence ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Rate Ratios ◽  
Over Time

Context The National Collegiate Athletic Association has sponsored men's soccer programs since 1959, and the popularity of the sport has grown over time. Background Routine examinations of athlete injuries are important for identifying emerging temporal patterns. Methods Exposure and injury data collected in the National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance Program from 2014–2015 through 2018–2019 were analyzed. Injury counts, rates, and proportions were used to describe injury characteristics, and injury rate ratios were used to examine differential injury rates. Results The overall injury rate was 8.51 per 1000 athlete exposures. Lateral ligament complex tears (ankle sprains) (9.2%), hamstring tears (7.0%), and concussions (5.2%) were the most commonly reported injuries. Rates of lateral ligament complex tears remained stable from 2014–2015 through 2018–2019, whereas hamstring tear rates decreased and concussion rates increased. Summary The findings of this study were in line with the existing epidemiological evidence, although notable temporal patterns were observed. Incidence trajectories of commonly observed injuries warrant particular attention in the future.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Women's Cross-Country: 2014–2015 Through 2018–2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 622-628
Author(s):  
Avinash Chandran ◽  
Sarah N. Morris ◽  
Adrian J. Boltz ◽  
Hannah J. Robison ◽  
Christy L. Collins
Keyword(s):  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Injury Rate ◽  
Lateral Ligament ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Injury Incidence ◽  
Ankle Sprains ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Rate Ratios

Context Women's cross-country is a thriving sport at the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) level with over 1000 sponsored programs association-wide. Background Routine examinations of women's cross-country injuries are important for identifying emerging time trends in injury incidence and outcomes. Methods Exposure and injury data collected in the NCAA Injury Surveillance Program from 2014–2015 through 2018–2019 were analyzed. Injury counts, rates, and proportions were used to describe injury characteristics, and injury rate ratios were used to examine differential injury rates. Results The overall injury rate was 3.96 per 1000 athlete-exposures. Most reported injuries were inflammatory conditions (33.6%), strains (17.7%), and fractures (9.1%). The most commonly reported injuries were medial tibial stress syndrome (10.0%) and lateral ligament complex tears (ankle sprains; 4.2%). Summary Findings of this study were not entirely consistent with existing evidence. Future studies are needed to examine the nature of inflammatory conditions and fractures in this population, as well as temporal patterns in commonly reported injuries.

scholarly journals The Epidemiology of Deltoid Ligament Sprains in 25 National Collegiate Athletic Association Sports, 2009–2010 Through 2014–2015 Academic Years

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 350-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Kopec ◽  
Elizabeth E. Hibberd ◽  
Karen G. Roos ◽  
Aristarque Djoko ◽  
Thomas P. Dompier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Student Athletes ◽  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Injury Rate ◽  
Injury Surveillance ◽  
Deltoid Ligament ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Ligament Sprain ◽  
Rate Ratios ◽  
Women's Soccer

Context:  Deltoid ligament sprains among collegiate student-athletes have not been extensively investigated. Research regarding the mechanisms, participation-restriction time, and recurrence of deltoid ligament sprains in collegiate student-athletes is lacking. Objective:  To describe the epidemiology of deltoid ligament sprains in 25 National Collegiate Athletic Association championship sports. Design:  Descriptive epidemiology study. Setting:  National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance Program. Main Outcome Measure(s):  We analyzed deltoid ligament sprains recorded in the Injury Surveillance Program for the 2009–2010 through 2014–2015 academic years. Deltoid ligament sprain injury rates, rate ratios, and injury proportion ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were reported. Results:  During the study period, 380 deltoid ligament sprains were reported, resulting in a combined injury rate of 0.79/10 000 athlete-exposures (AEs; 95% CI = 0.71, 0.87). Most deltoid ligament sprains occurred in practices (54.2%, n = 206). However, the competition injury rate was higher than the practice injury rate (rate ratio = 3.74; 95% CI = 3.06, 4.57). The highest deltoid ligament sprain rates were in women's gymnastics (2.30/10 000 AEs; 95% CI = 1.05, 3.55), men's soccer (1.73/10 000 AEs; 95% CI = 1.14, 2.32), women's soccer (1.61/10 000 AEs; 95% CI = 1.13, 2.09), and men's football (1.40/10 000 AEs; 95% CI = 1.18, 1.62). Nearly half of all deltoid ligament sprains (49.7%, n = 189) were due to player contact, and 39.5% (n = 150) were non–time-loss injuries (ie, participation restricted for less than 24 hours). Only 8.2% (n = 31) of deltoid ligament sprains were recurrent. Conclusions:  The highest deltoid ligament sprain rates were in women's gymnastics, men's and women's soccer, and men's football. However, the rate for women's gymnastics was imprecise (ie, the CI was wide), highlighting the need for further surveillance of deltoid ligament sprains in the sport. Most deltoid ligament sprains were due to player contact. Future researchers should assess interventions that may prevent deltoid ligament sprains.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Men's Lacrosse: 2014–2015 Through 2018–2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 758-765
Author(s):  
Bernadette A. D'Alonzo ◽  
Abigail C. Bretzin ◽  
Avinash Chandran ◽  
Adrian J. Boltz ◽  
Hannah J. Robison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Injury Rate ◽  
Injury Surveillance ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Ankle Sprains ◽  
Epidemiological Evidence ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Lower Extremity Injuries ◽  
Extremity Injuries ◽  
Rate Ratios

Context The popularity of National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) men's lacrosse has been steadily increasing since the early 1980s. Background Injury surveillance is an important tool to aid in identifying emerging patterns of sport-related injury in NCAA men's lacrosse. Methods Injury data collected from a sample of men's lacrosse teams through the NCAA Injury Surveillance Program for the academic years 2014–2015 through 2018–2019 were analyzed. Athlete exposures were estimated and computed based on collected exposure data. Injury counts, rates, and proportions were used to describe injury characteristics, and injury rate ratios (IRRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to estimate differences in injury rates. Results The overall injury rate was 4.90 per 1000 athlete exposures (AEs), and the competition injury rate was higher than the practice injury rate (IRR = 2.59; 95% CI = 2.35, 2.84). The overall preseason injury rate was higher than the regular and postseason injury rates. The most reported injuries were concussions (8.0%), ankle sprains (7.7%), and hamstring tears (6.9%). Conclusions Study findings were comparable with existing epidemiological evidence. The overall burden of concussions and lower extremity injuries warrant further attention in this population.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Women's Lacrosse: 2014–2015 Through 2018–2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 750-757
Author(s):  
Abigail C. Bretzin ◽  
Bernadette A. D'Alonzo ◽  
Avinash Chandran ◽  
Adrian J. Boltz ◽  
Hannah J. Robison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Injury Rate ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Lateral Ligament ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Injury Incidence ◽  
Ankle Sprains ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Epidemiologic Evidence ◽  
Rate Ratios

Context Lacrosse is an increasingly popular sport; the number of teams participating in collegiate women's lacrosse has increased by 21.4% in the past 5 years. Background The growth of National Collegiate Athletic Association women's lacrosse, coupled with the ongoing discussions surrounding protective equipment, necessitates further epidemiologic studies in this population. Methods Exposure and injury data collected in the National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance Program during 2014–2015 through 2018–2019 were analyzed. Injury counts, rates, and proportions were used to describe injury characteristics, and injury rate ratios with 95% CIs were used to examine differential injury rates. Results The overall injury rate was 4.99 per 1000 athlete exposures. Less than 30% of injuries were time-loss injuries; injuries were most commonly attributed to noncontact (26.6%) and overuse (25.2%) mechanisms. The most commonly reported specific injuries were lateral ligament complex tears (ankle sprains; 9.1%), concussions (7.2%), and hamstring tears (3.8%). Summary Findings from this study were consistent with the existing epidemiologic evidence in previous studies. Injury incidence in practices, in preseason, and as a result of player contact warrant further attention in this population.

scholarly journals 10-Year Epidemiology of Ankle Injuries in Men’s and Women’s Collegiate Basketball

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 232596711880540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sailesh V. Tummala ◽  
David E. Hartigan ◽  
Justin L. Makovicka ◽  
Karan A. Patel ◽  
Anikar Chhabra
Keyword(s):  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Ankle Injury ◽  
Ankle Injuries ◽  
Lateral Ligament ◽  
Deltoid Ligament ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Ankle Sprains ◽  
Time Loss ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Collegiate Basketball

Background: Ankle injury is the most common injury in men’s and women’s basketball, regardless of the level of competition. Purpose: To use the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Injury Surveillance Program/System (ISP/ISS) to review the 10-year epidemiology of ankle injuries in men’s and women’s collegiate basketball players. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: The NCAA ISP was queried for men’s and women’s collegiate basketball ankle injury data from the 2004 through 2014 academic years. Ankle injury rates were calculated based on injuries per athlete-exposure (AE). Injury proportion ratios (IPRs) were determined by comparing variables between sexes. Activity and position of injury were also studied. Results: Over the 10-year study period, most ankle injuries in collegiate basketball occurred in the preseason (female, 1.45/1000 AEs; male, 2.00/1000 AEs), were contact related (female, 50.4%; male, 57.6%), were treated conservatively (female, 98.5%; male, 99.3%), and were new injuries (female, 78.0%; male, 78.9%), resulting in a time loss of less than 7 days (female, 62.7%; male, 65.2%). The most common injury types were lateral ligament complex tears (female, 83.5%; male, 80.0%), deltoid ligament tears (female, 5.6%; male, 7.2%), and high ankle sprains (female, 7.1%; male, 7.0%). Guards experienced the highest rate of ankle injuries in competition (female, 50.1%; male, 43.3%), and rebounding was found to be the most common activity during an injury (female, 30.3%; male, 34.4%). The rate of ankle injuries was significantly lower in women than in men (IPR, 0.81 [95% CI, 0.75-0.88]). Conclusion: This study found that most ankle injuries in collegiate basketball occurred during the preseason, were contact related, were treated conservatively, and were new injuries that resulted in a time loss of less than 7 days.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Men's Tennis: 2014–2015 Through 2018–2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 773-779
Author(s):  
Hannah J. Robison ◽  
Adrian J. Boltz ◽  
Sarah N. Morris ◽  
Christy L. Collins ◽  
Avinash Chandran
Keyword(s):  
Injury Prevention ◽  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Injury Rate ◽  
Injury Surveillance ◽  
Lateral Ligament ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Injury Incidence ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Rate Ratios

Context The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) has sponsored men's tennis programs since 1982. The popularity of tennis has grown, as has sponsorship of men's tennis within NCAA institutions. Background Continued monitoring of athletic injuries is important for identifying emerging temporal patterns. Methods Exposure and injury data collected in the NCAA Injury Surveillance Program during 2014–2015 through 2018–2019 were analyzed. Injury counts, rates, and proportions were used to describe injury characteristics, and injury rate ratios were used to examine differential injury rates. Results The overall injury rate was 4.41 per 1000 athlete-exposures. Lateral ligament complex tears of the ankle (8.5%) were the most reported injury. Trunk (15.1%) and shoulder (13.2%) injuries accounted for the largest proportions of all injuries. Noncontact and overuse were the most common mechanisms of injury among all reported injuries, together accounting for 69.4% of all injuries. Conclusions Findings of this study differed slightly from previous studies, most notably in specific injuries reported. Continued monitoring of specific injury incidence as well as greater participation in injury surveillance is needed to inform the development of nuanced injury prevention strategies for this population.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Women's Soccer: 2014–2015 Through 2018–2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 651-658
Author(s):  
Avinash Chandran ◽  
Sarah N. Morris ◽  
Adrian J. Boltz ◽  
Hannah J. Robison ◽  
Christy L. Collins
Keyword(s):  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Injury Rate ◽  
Temporal Patterns ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Lateral Ligament ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Ankle Sprains ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Rate Ratios ◽  
Women's Soccer

Context The National Collegiate Athletic Association held the first women's soccer championship in 1982; sponsorship and participation have greatly increased since. Background Routine examinations of athlete injuries are important for identifying emerging temporal patterns. Methods Exposure and injury data collected in the National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance Program during the 2014–2015 through 2018–2019 seasons were analyzed. Injury counts, rates, and proportions were used to describe injury characteristics, and injury rate ratios were used to examine differential injury rates. Results The overall injury rate was 8.33 per 1000 athlete-exposures. Lateral ligament complex tears (ankle sprains) (8.6%), concussions (8.3%), and quadriceps tears (5.0%) were the most commonly reported injuries. Rates of lateral ligament complex tears followed an increasing trajectory during the study period, whereas quadriceps tear rates fluctuated during the early years, and concussion rates decreased then increased. Summary The findings of this study were mostly consistent with existing evidence; notable temporal patterns were observed with regard to lateral ligament complex tears and concussions.

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