Diagnostic Performance of Commercially Available Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Kit in the Diagnosis of Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis

ABSTRACT Objectives: Antibody based serodiagnosis tests for tuberculosis (TB) was used widely in developed and developing countries. Pathozyme Myco® immunoglobulin (Ig) M, IgA, and IgG were evaluated in pulmonary TB in many studies. Materials and Methods: In this study we assessed this commercially available kit in detecting extrapulmonary TB (EPTB). Results: A total of 354 subjects were recruited for the study, of which 217 (61.2%) were EPTB patients and 137 (38.7%) were subjects with no suggestive TB. The mean age was 29.7 ± 13.7 and 31.2 ± 15.2 years, respectively for two groups. Serum samples were tested for IgM, IgA, and IgG using Pathozyme Myco® IgM, IgA, and IgG kit. The individual specificity rates of IgM, IgA, and IgG were 70.8% (95% confidence interval (CI): 62.7-77.7), 77.3% (95% CI: 68.6-83.5), and 68.6%. (95% CI: 60.4-75.7); while their sensitivity was 29% (95% CI: 23.4-35.4), 24.4% (95% CI: 19.1-30.5), and 34.5% (95% CI: 28.5-41.1); respectively. Conclusion: The serological tests either singly or in combination failed or performed poorly to diagnose EPTB.

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Serological Evaluation of Specific-Antibody Levels in Patients Treated for Chronic Chagas' Disease

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology ◽

10.1128/cvi.00106-07 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 297-302 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Olga Sánchez Negrette ◽

Fernando J. Sánchez Valdéz ◽

Carlos D. Lacunza ◽

María Fernanda García Bustos ◽

María Celia Mora ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chagas Disease ◽

Treatment Effectiveness ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Serological Tests ◽

Recombinant Antigens ◽

Antibody Titers ◽

Laboratory Procedures ◽

The Individual ◽

Antibody Levels

ABSTRACT Serological tests are the main laboratory procedures used for diagnosis during the indeterminate and chronic stages of Chagas' disease. A serological regression to negativity is the main criterion used to define parasitological cure in treated patients. The aim of this work was to monitor the individual specificities of antibody levels for 3 years posttreatment in 18 adult patients. Conventional serological techniques (hemagglutination assays and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA]) were modified by using recombinant antigens to detect early markers of treatment effectiveness. For this purpose, serum samples were taken before and during treatment and every 6 months after treatment for at least 3 years. When hemagglutination assays were used, a decrease in antibody levels was observed in only one patient. When ELISA with serum dilutions was used, antibody clearance became much more apparent: in 77.7% (14/18) of the patients, antibody titers became negative with time. This was observed at serum dilutions of 1/320 and occurred between the 6th and the 30th months posttreatment. The immune response and the interval for a serological regression to negativity were different for each patient. For some of the recombinant antigens, only 50% (9/18) of the patients reached the serological regression to negativity. Recombinant antigen 13 might be a good marker of treatment effectiveness, since 66.6% (six of nine) of the patients presented with an early regression to negativity for specific antibodies to this antigen (P = 0.002).

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Detection of antibodies to recombinant truncated flagellin and sonicated whole cell antigen of Burkholderia pseudomallei in acute melioidosis and in healthy Bangladeshi individuals

IMC Journal of Medical Science ◽

10.3329/imcjms.v14i1.47455 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 47-52

Author(s):

Md Shariful Alam Jilani ◽

Tang Thean Hock ◽

Sraboni Mazumder ◽

Fahmida Rahman ◽

Md Mohiuddin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Burkholderia Pseudomallei ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Igg Antibodies ◽

Healthy Individuals ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Igg Antibody ◽

Whole Cell ◽

Cell Antigen ◽

The Mean

Background and objectives: Several types of Burkholderia pseudomallei antigens have been used to determine the antibody response in acute and asymptomatic cases. In the present study, we have detected immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody to recombinant truncated flagellin antigen (RTFA) of B. pseudomallei in the sera of acute melioidosis cases and healthy individuals from melioidosis endemic areas of Bangladesh by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In parallel, IgG antibody to sonicated whole cell antigen (SWCA) of B. pseudomallei was determined to compare with anti-RTFA antibody. Methodology: Serum samples from culture confirmed melioidosis cases and from healthy individuals aged 21 years and above residing in melioidosis endemic rural areas were included in the study. Serum IgG antibody to RTFA and SWCA of B. pseudomallei was determined by indirect ELISA. Results: Out of 8 culture confirmed acute melioidosis cases, 7 (87.5%) and 8 (100%) were positive for anti-B. pseudomallei IgG antibodies by RTFA and SWCA methods respectively. Among 361 healthy individuals, the rate of seropositivity by RTFA-ELISA was significantly less than that of SWCA-ELISA (16.1% versus 26.8%; p = 0.001). The mean optical density (OD) of RTFA-ELISA of positive cases was significantly less than that of SWCA-ELISA in both melioidosis and healthy individuals (0.79±0.11 versus 2.4±0.08, p = 0.0001; 0.67±0.01 versus 1.27±0.02, p = 0.0001). The sensitivity and specificity of RTFA-ELISA were 88.9% and 100% respectively. Conclusion: Findings of the study suggest that multiple or combination of antigens should be used to study the seroprevalence of B. pseudomallei infection in a community. Also, prospective study is necessary to find out the duration of persistence of antibodies to different antigenic components of B. pseudomallei after exposure. Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2020; 14(1): 47-52

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Serodiagnosis of Louse-Borne Relapsing Fever with Glycerophosphodiester Phosphodiesterase (GlpQ) fromBorrelia recurrentis

Journal of Clinical Microbiology ◽

10.1128/jcm.38.10.3561-3571.2000 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 38 (10) ◽

pp. 3561-3571 ◽

Cited By ~ 54

Author(s):

Stephen F. Porcella ◽

Sandra J. Raffel ◽

Merry E. Schrumpf ◽

Martin E. Schriefer ◽

David T. Dennis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Serological Test ◽

Geometric Mean ◽

Eastern Africa ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Relapsing Fever ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Serological Tests ◽

Whole Cell ◽

Convalescent Phase ◽

Glycerophosphodiester Phosphodiesterase

Human louse-borne relapsing fever occurs in sporadic outbreaks in central and eastern Africa that are characterized by significant morbidity and mortality. Isolates of the causative agent,Borrelia recurrentis, were obtained from the blood of four patients during a recent epidemic of the disease in southern Sudan. TheglpQ gene, encoding glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase, from these isolates was sequenced and compared with the glpQ sequences obtained from other relapsing-fever spirochetes. Previously we showed that GlpQ of Borrelia hermsii is an immunogenic protein with utility as a serological test antigen for discriminating tick-borne relapsing fever from Lyme disease. In the present work, we cloned and expressed theglpQ gene from B. recurrentis and used recombinant GlpQ in serological tests. Acute- and convalescent-phase serum samples obtained from 42 patients with louse-borne relapsing fever were tested with an indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) that used whole cells ofB. recurrentis and with immunoblotting to whole-cell lysates of the spirochete and Escherichia coli producing recombinant GlpQ. The geometric mean titers of the acute- and convalescent-phase serum samples measured by IFA were 1:83 and 1:575, respectively. The immunoblot analysis identified a high level of reactivity and seroconversion to GlpQ, and the assay was more sensitive than the whole-cell IFA and ELISA using purified, recombinant histidine-tagged GlpQ. Serum antibodies to GlpQ and other antigens persisted for 27 years in one patient. We conclude that assessment of anti-GlpQ antibodies will allow serological confirmation of louse-borne relapsing fever and determination of disease prevalence.

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Foodborne Snow Mountain Agent Gastroenteritis in a School Cafeteria

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.79.4.559 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 79 (4) ◽

pp. 559-563

Author(s):

Charles Guest ◽

Kenneth C. Spitalny ◽

H. Paul Madore ◽

Katherine Pray ◽

Raphael Dolin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Relative Risk ◽

Strong Association ◽

Case Definition ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Fisher Exact Test ◽

Confidence Limits ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Exact Test ◽

Relative Risks ◽

The Mean

In 1984, an outbreak of gastroenteritis occurred at a school with 1,860 students in Brooklyn, NY. In a single-stage cluster sample of 375 students, 129 (34%) had illnesses that met our case definition of vomiting or diarrhea. The mean incubation period was 26 hours, and the mean illness duration was 24 hours. All case students had eaten in the cafeteria on at least one day between Nov 13 and 16, compared with 174/214 (81%) noncase students (P = 10-8, Fisher exact test). Foods implicated were french fries (relative risk 1.7, 95% confidence limits 1.4, 2.0) and hamburgers (relative risk 1.6, 95%, confidence limits 1.2, 2.1). Two cafeteria employees had served those foods while affected by diarrhea. By a recently developed blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, six of 11 (55%) case students showed fourfold antibody increases between acute-and convalescent-phase serum samples for Snow Mountain agent, a Norwalk-like virus, compared with one of ten (10%) noncase students (P = .04, Fisher exact test). We strongly suspect, but cannot document conclusively, that the Snow Mountain agent was spread to students on a vector of hot foods contaminated by ill food handlers. Implicated foods conferred low relative risks and could only have accounted for 74% of cases of illness. The strong association between cafeteria exposure and illness, therefore, suggests that additional modes of spread occurred.

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P–314 Serum Stem Cell Factor as a predictor of top quality blasotcysts formation in women with endometriosis

Human Reproduction ◽

10.1093/humrep/deab130.313 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

J Liss ◽

M Kuczynska ◽

A Knight ◽

K Lukaszuk

Keyword(s):

Stem Cell ◽

Ovarian Stimulation ◽

Stem Cell Factor ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Tyrosine Kinase Receptor ◽

Target Cells ◽

Serum Samples ◽

The Mean ◽

Ovary Reserve

Abstract Study question To evaluate the correlation between the serum level of stem cell factor (s-SCF) during the stimulation and results of embryo culture. Summary answer The serum SCF concentration at the stimulation stage may be a potential predictor of IVF outcome in endometriosis patients. What is known already Stem cell factor (SCF) is a pleiotropic cytokine that affects the target cells via the c-kit receptor, a tyrosine kinase receptor. Recent evidence indicates that SCF and c-kit may play a role in regulation and growth of ovarian follicular function. It is unclear whether endometriosis primarily affects in vitro fertilization outcomes via oocyte quality. SCF is produced during the human follicular phase, immediately before the ovulatory phase, and may play an important role in folliculogenesis and in the mechanism of ovulation. It may reflect a successful stimulation with ample follicle maturation. Study design, size, duration This was a prospective case-control study and consisted four group of patients: 10 with endometriosis, 24 PCOs, 20 with normal (AMH 1.2–4.0 ng/ml) and 11 with lower (AMH<1.2 ng/ml) ovary reserve who were undergoing IVF treatment with the assessment of serum SCF concentration between August 2019 and March 2020 at INVICTA Fertility Centre, Poland. The age of the patients ranged from 22 to 42 years (median 34 years). Participants/materials, setting, methods s-SCF was measured in duplicate by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit in 195 serum samples collected during ovarian stimulation on days 1 and 8 and on the day of oocyte retrieval. We analysed correlation between s-SCF level and formation of top quality (TQ) blastocysts on day 5 formation in the study groups. Main results and the role of chance We have compared mean level of s-SCF within each group dividing the patients into two subgroups – those with at least one TQ blastocyst (TQ) on day 5 vs. those with no TQ blastocysts (no-TQ). There were no significant differences in mean s-SCF level on day 1 of stimulation between no-TQ and TQ patients in PCOs, normal and lower ovary reserve groups (41.1 pg/ml vs. 40.9 pg/ml; 34.8 pg/ml vs. 38.9 pg/ml and 32.3pg/ml vs. 28.7 pg/ml respectively). The mean level of s-SCF in endometriosis patients was higher in case of no-TQ compared to the TQ subgroup and were 41.1 pg/ml and 29.1 pg/ml respectively. Also no significant differences were also observed in the mean level of s-SCF in the no-TQ and TQ subgroups on the 8 day of stimulation and pick-up in PCOs, normal and lower ovary reserve patients. However, again in the case of endometriosis patients, the mean level of s-SCF was significantly lower on the 8 day of stimulation (28.1 pg/ml vs. 49.1 pg/ml; p < 0.05) and pick-up day (33.4 pg/ml vs. 50.4 pg/ml; p < 0.005) in samples from patients who had at least one TQ blastocysts on day 5 of culture. Limitations, reasons for caution More data are required to confirm the corelation of s-SCF level and presence of top quality blastocysts in patients with endometriosis. Wider implications of the findings: Our study suggests that the level of serum SCF during ovarian stimulation in patients with endometriosis of less 30 pg/ml may potentially be a predictor for the chance of obtaining at least one top quality blastocyst on day 5 and thus a chance to successful treatment. Trial registration number Not applicable

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Evaluation of the Serologic Cross-Reactivity between Transmissible Gastroenteritis Coronavirus and Porcine Respiratory Coronavirus Using Commercial Blocking Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Kits

mSphere ◽

10.1128/msphere.00017-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ronaldo Magtoto ◽

Korakrit Poonsuk ◽

David Baum ◽

Jianqiang Zhang ◽

Qi Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Culture Medium ◽

Large Deletion ◽

Cross Reactivity ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Serological Tests ◽

Transmissible Gastroenteritis ◽

Respiratory Coronavirus ◽

Porcine Respiratory

ABSTRACTThis study compared the performances of three commercial transmissible gastroenteritis virus/porcine respiratory coronavirus (TGEV/PRCV) blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) using serum samples (n = 528) collected over a 49-day observation period from pigs inoculated with TGEV strain Purdue (n = 12), TGEV strain Miller (n = 12), PRCV (n= 12), or with virus-free culture medium (n = 12). ELISA results were evaluated both with “suspect” results interpreted as positive and then as negative. All commercial kits showed excellent diagnostic specificity (99 to 100%) when testing samples from pigs inoculated with virus-free culture medium. However, analyses revealed differences between the kits in diagnostic sensitivity (percent TGEV- or PRCV-seropositive pigs), and all kits showed significant (P < 0.05) cross-reactivity between TGEV and PRCV serum antibodies, particularly during early stages of the infections. Serologic cross-reactivity between TGEV and PRCV seemed to be TGEV strain dependent, with a higher percentage of PRCV-false-positive results for pigs inoculated with TGEV Purdue than for TGEV Miller. Moreover, the overall proportion of false positives was higher when suspect results were interpreted as positive, regardless of the ELISA kit evaluated.IMPORTANCECurrent measures to prevent TGEV from entering a naive herd include quarantine and testing for TGEV-seronegative animals. However, TGEV serology is complicated due to the cross-reactivity with PRCV, which circulates subclinically in most swine herds worldwide. Conventional serological tests cannot distinguish between TGEV and PRCV antibodies; however, blocking ELISAs using antigen containing a large deletion in the amino terminus of the PRCV S protein permit differentiation of PRCV and TGEV antibodies. Several commercial TGEV/PRCV blocking ELISAs are available, but performance comparisons have not been reported in recent research. This study demonstrates that the serologic cross-reactivity between TGEV and PRCV affects the accuracy of commercial blocking ELISAs. Individual test results must be interpreted with caution, particularly in the event of suspect results. Therefore, commercial TGEV/PRCV blocking ELISAs should only be applied on a herd basis.

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Human herpes virus 8 antibodies in HIV-positive patients in Surabaya, Indonesia

Infectious Disease Reports ◽

10.4081/idr.2020.8746 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Devi Oktafiani ◽

Ni Luh Ayu Megasari ◽

Elsa Fitriana ◽

Nasronudin ◽

Maria Inge Lusida ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Users ◽

Sandwich Elisa ◽

Human Herpesvirus ◽

Intravenous Drug ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Intravenous Drug Users ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Serological Tests ◽

Human Herpes Virus 8

Background: Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) infection is etiologically related to Kaposi’s sarcoma. Antibodies directed against HHV-8 can be detected in 80%–95% of HIV-seropositive patients with KS. HHV-8 serological tests have been done in several countries in Southeast Asia such as Malaysia, and Thailand however no serological data is available in Indonesia. This study was to examine the presence of HHV-8 antibodies in HIV-positive patients in Surabaya, Indonesia. Material and methods: Ninety-one serum samples were collected from HIV-positive patients in Surabaya, Indonesia. Human immunodeficiency virus-positive serum samples were collected from 10 homosexual men, 25 intravenous drug users (IVDUs) and 56 heterosexuals. Serums were then tested for the presence of HHV-8 antibody by using sandwich ELISA (Abbexa Ltd, Cambridge, UK). Results: The total of 91 HIV-infected were testing with antibodies to HHV-8 using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Antibodies of HHV-8 were detected in 7/91 (7.7%) of the samples. According to a gender, six men (85.7%) and a women (14.3%) were positive of HHV-8 antibodies. No correlation regarding the gender and age from this study. The antibodies of HHV-8 was detected among intravenous drug users (IVDUs) men 5/7 (42.8%) and 2/7 (28.6%) from homosexual and heterosexual, respectively. Conclusion: This study found the presence of HHV-8 antibodies in 7.7% of patients in Surabaya, Indonesia. This finding was higher more than Southeast Asian countries. The patients with a positive result could suggest measures to prevent HHV-8 infection.

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Detection of bluetongue virus antibodies in sheep from Paraná, Brazil

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n3p879 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (3) ◽

pp. 879

Author(s):

Maria Carolina Ricciardi Sbizera ◽

Luiz Fernando Coelho da Cunha Filho ◽

Michele Lunardi ◽

Simone Fernanda Nedel Pertile ◽

Thais Helena Constantino Patelli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bluetongue Virus ◽

Animal Health ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Test Results ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Agar Gel ◽

Serological Tests ◽

High Occurrence ◽

Predominant Factor ◽

World Organization

Bluetongue (BT) is an infectious and non-contagious disease caused by bluetongue virus (BTV) belonging to the genus Orbivirus. It is transmitted by a hematophagous vector, Culicoides sp., to ruminants, particularly to sheep, which are most susceptible to this disease. The main serological tests are agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID), which is recommended by the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE), and the competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA), which has the advantage of no cross-reaction with other orbiviruses. The aim was to compare the results of these two tests by conducting them on sera collected from sheep in the state of Paraná, Brazil. From March to October 2017, serum samples were collected from 270 sheep from 10 farms in six mesoregions of Paraná. The samples were subjected to AGID and cELISA to detect antibodies against BTV. Based on the test results, we classified the sheep as low, moderate, and high occurrence. The results demonstrated that 64.81% (175/270) of the sheep were seropositive through the cELISA test, showing a high occurrence, and 41.11% (111/270) were seropositive through the AGID test, indicating a moderate occurrence. The concordance between the tests was moderate (0.51) as determined by the Kappa coefficient. Among the studied farms, 90% (9/10) presented at least one seropositive sheep, and the number of animals tested positive by the cELISA test was higher than those by the AGID test. Favorable climate, which favors the presence and multiplication of the culicoid vector and the occurrence of infection, was the biggest predominant factor responsible for the obtained results. The low occurrence in farms with milder climate suggest that the presence of antibodies also occurs due to the low pathogenicity of circulating serotypes in the different mesoregions studied. It is concluded that BTV infection is present in the sheep herds in Paraná, and the occurrence was moderate detected by AGID test and high detected by cELISA test.

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Serodiagnosis of Anthroponotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ACL) Caused by Leishmania tropica in Sanliurfa Province, Turkey, Where ACL Is Highly Endemic

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology ◽

10.1128/cvi.00133-07 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 14 (11) ◽

pp. 1409-1415 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Fadile Yildiz Zeyrek ◽

Metin Korkmaz ◽

Yusuf Özbel

Keyword(s):

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽

Western Blotting ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Serological Tests ◽

Western Blot Test ◽

Conventional Elisa ◽

Negative Controls ◽

Positive Controls

ABSTRACT In this study, we aimed to evaluate the validity of the conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the Western blotting test for the diagnosis of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) using serum samples obtained from 51 patients with parasitologically proven nontreated CL (NonT-CL patients) and 62 patients under treatment for CL (UT-CL patients). Additionally, 29 serum samples obtained from patients with parasitologically and serologically proven visceral leishmaniasis (VL) were also used as positive controls, and serum samples from 43 blood donors were used as negative controls. All sera were diluted to the same dilution (1/100). Leishmania infantum MON-1 was used as the antigen in the conventional ELISA. The sera of 27 (93.1%) of 29 VL patients were seropositive by ELISA, while the sera of 40 (78.4%) of 51 NonT-CL patients and 43 (69.3%) of 62 UT-CL patients were seropositive by the conventional ELISA. The absorbance values of the CL patients' sera were significantly lower than the absorbance values of the VL patients' sera. Bands between 15 and 118 kDa were detected in two groups of CL patients. Among all bands, the 63-kDa band was found to be more sensitive (88.5%). When we evaluated the Western blotting results for the presence of at least one of the diagnostic antigenic bands, the sensitivity was calculated to be 99.1%. By using serological tests, a measurable antibody response was detected in most of the CL patients in Sanliurfa, Turkey. It is also noted that this response can be changed according to the sizes, types, and numbers of lesions that the patient has. The Western blot test was found to be more sensitive and valid than the conventional ELISA for the serodiagnosis of ACL. In some instances, when it is very difficult to demonstrate the presence of parasites in the smears, immunodiagnosis can be a valuable alternative for the diagnosis of ACL.

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Depressed Interleukin-12 (IL-12), but not IL-18, Production in Response to a 30- or 32-Kilodalton Mycobacterial Antigen in Patients with Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Infection and Immunity ◽

10.1128/iai.68.8.4477-4484.2000 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 68 (8) ◽

pp. 4477-4484 ◽

Cited By ~ 51

Author(s):

Chang-Hwa Song ◽

Hwa-Jung Kim ◽

Jeong-Kyu Park ◽

Jae-Hyun Lim ◽

Un-Ok Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mononuclear Cells ◽

Active Tuberculosis ◽

Interleukin 12 ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Mycobacterial Antigen ◽

Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽

Pulmonary Tb ◽

Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽

Ifn Γ ◽

The Mean

ABSTRACT The secreted 30-kDa antigen (Ag) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis directly stimulates Th1-type protective cytokine responses in healthy tuberculin reactors but not in patients with active tuberculosis (TB). To examine the cytokine profiles attributable to Th1 suppression associated with active TB, interleukin-12 (IL-12), IL-18, and IL-10 production in response to a 30- or 32-kDa Ag in 16 patients with active pulmonary TB and 24 healthy controls was investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In TB patients, production of IL-12 p40, as well as gamma interferon (IFN-γ), by 30- or 32-kDa Ag-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was significantly decreased compared with that in healthy tuberculin reactors. There were no significant differences in IL-18 production between patients and controls early during stimulation (16 h). However, PBMC from patients showed significantly enhanced IL-18 proteins after 96 h of stimulation. Similarly, higher IL-10 production was observed in the TB patients than in healthy tuberculin reactors. After 2 months of anti-TB therapy, the mean IFN-γ and IL-12 p40 production and the mean blastogenic responses were significantly increased in PBMC in the 10 TB patients who were followed up. Our findings provide evidence that depressed IL-12 in response to the 30- or 32-kDa Ag is involved in the immunopathogenesis of human active pulmonary TB.

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