Researching the Health of Mothers of Young Children Using Comparative Research Methods and Secondary Analysis of Population-Based Data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Brennenstuhl
2021 ◽  
Vol 677 (5) ◽  
pp. 052053
Author(s):  
M B Rebezov ◽  
M A Shariati ◽  
Ia K Shinkarev ◽  
A A Tarasova ◽  
E S Zubkova

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Esme Fuller-Thomson ◽  
Katherine Marie Ahlin

Background: Numerous studies suggest the prevalence of dementia has decreased over the past several decades in Western countries. Less is known about whether these trends differ by gender or age cohort, and if generational differences in educational attainment explain these trajectories. Objective: 1) To detect temporal trends in the age-sex-race adjusted prevalence of serious cognitive problems among Americans aged 65+; 2) To establish if these temporal trends differ by gender and age cohort; 3) To examine if these temporal trends are attenuated by generational differences in educational attainment. Methods: Secondary analysis of 10 years of annual nationally representative data from the American Community Survey with 5.4 million community-dwelling and institutionalized older adults aged 65+. The question on serious cognitive problems was, “Because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition, does this person have serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions?” Results: The prevalence of serious cognitive problems in the US population aged 65 and older declined from 12.2%to 10.0%between 2008 and 2017. Had the prevalence remained at the 2008 levels, there would have been an additional 1.13 million older Americans with serious cognitive problems in 2017. The decline in memory problems across the decade was higher for women (23%) than for men (13%). Adjusting for education substantially attenuated the decline. Conclusion: Between 2008 and 2017, the prevalence of serious cognitive impairment among older Americans declined significantly, although these declines were partially attributable to generational differences in educational attainment.


2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (13) ◽  
pp. 1847-1856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenda J. Meyer ◽  
Jim Stevenson ◽  
Edmund J. S. Sonuga-Barke

Objective: To test explanations for the underrecognition of female ADHD by examining differences in adult ratings of boys and girls matched for levels of directly observed ADHD behaviors. Method: In a secondary analysis of a population-based sample, 3- to 4-year-olds ( n = 153, 79 male) and 8- to 9-year-olds ( n = 144, 75 male) were grouped according to levels of directly observed ADHD behaviors (low/moderate/high). Groups were then compared with parent/teacher ADHD ratings. Results: There were no sex differences in levels of directly observed ADHD behaviors within groups. For preschoolers, parents’ ratings of males, but not females, significantly increased across groups—mirroring levels of observed behaviors. For older children, both parent and teacher mean ratings were significantly higher for males than females across groups. Conclusion: Identified differences in adult ratings of males and females matched for directly observed behaviors may contribute to understanding the substantial ADHD underrecognition in females.


2016 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 139-143.e1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish Chogle ◽  
Carlos A. Velasco-Benitez ◽  
Ilan J. Koppen ◽  
Jairo E. Moreno ◽  
Carmen R. Ramírez Hernández ◽  
...  

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Reilly ◽  
Patricia Atkinson ◽  
Ayesha Memon ◽  
Chloe Jones ◽  
Lyvia Dabydeen ◽  
...  

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsin-Yun Liu ◽  
Wen-Che Tsai ◽  
Ming-Jang Chiu ◽  
Li-Yu Tang ◽  
Huey-Jane Lee ◽  
...  

Background: To examine the relationships between cognitive dysfunction status and quality of life. Methods: Secondary analysis of a nationwide population-based survey (≥65 years) in Taiwan. The 5-dimension EuroQoL questionnaire (EQ-5D) was completed by 10 013 participants. Results: Participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI; odds ratio = 4.88), very mild dementia (VMD; 7.96), or dementia (32.85) were more likely than those with normal cognition to report self-care problems. Participants with MCI (3.86), VMD (9.26), or dementia (31.61) were more likely to have usual-activity problems, and those with MCI (3.04), VMD (3.82), or dementia (9.23) were more likely to have mobility problems. Participants with MCI (2.10 and 2.14), VMD (2.77 and 2.18), or dementia (3.04 and 3.02) were more likely to report pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression. Conclusion: Dementia was negatively associated with EQ-5D, especially self-care, usual activities, and mobility. Mild cognitive impairment or VMD was also negatively associated, with VMD more negatively associated. Developing interventions for patients with specific cognitive dysfunctions is critical.


QOF ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-174
Author(s):  
Cholid Ma'arif

Abstrak This paper will explore aspects of research methodology of exegesis written by Aksin Wijaya related to methods nuzuli ala Muhammad Izzat Darwazah. For that, the focus of this discussion is the methodology of his research in his own book of under title Sejarah Kenabian Dalam Perspektif Tafsir Nuzuli Muhammad Izzat Darwazah, finding out how people review mufassir. Specifically, the methodical determination of the previous his experienced has moved soon of orientation from the critical to the descriptive while facing of four books, namely: Tafsir al Hadith, 'Ashr al Nabiy wa Biatuhu Qabla al Bi'tsah, Sirah al Rasul; Suwar Muqtabasah min al Qur'an, and ad Dustur al Qur'an fi Su'uni al Hayat works of thinkers and historians. From his reading, he at least analyzes his views into two important parts, namely; 1) the interpretation method of nuzuli and the ideal concept it contains, 2) it then draws it into the realm of pre-Islamic, personal and family life of the prophet Muhammad, to the condition of the people of prophetic era through the perspective of nuzuli Izzat Darwazah exegesis. According to the reviewer, there are other research elements in writing the work of the exegesis, namely some models of research methods of interpretation at once, such as: comparative research, character research, and thematic-nuzuli research. Whereas although placed more as an overview of nuzuli interpretation, at least he invites readers, especially in Indonesia to re-read the tafsir nuzuli treasury and see which is as worthy to be developed in the turats of Islam Nusantara. Abstrak Tulisan ini hendak menelusuri aspek metodologi penelitian tafsir yang dilakukan oleh Dr. Aksin Wijaya terkait metode nuzuli ala Muhammad Izzat Darwazah. Untuk itu, fokus dari pembahasan ini adalah tentang metodologi penelitiannya dalam buku berjudul Sejarah Kenabian Dalam Perspektif Tafsir Nuzuli Muhammad Izzat Darwazah untuk mengetahui bagaimana orang mengkaji mufassir. Dimana secara khusus mulai penentuan metodis dari sebelumnya ia mengalami pergeseran orientasi dari kritis ke deskriptif dalam menghadapi empat kitab hasil perburuannya, yaitu: Tafsir al Hadits, ‘Ashr al Nabiy wa Biatuhu Qabla al Bi’tsah, Sirah al Rasul; Suwar Muqtabasah min al Qur’an, dan ad Dustur al Qur’an fi Su’uni al Hayat karya tokoh pemikir dan sejarawan. Dari pembacaannya tersebut, ia setidaknya menganalisa pandangannya menjadi dua bagian penting, yaitu; 1) metode tafsir nuzuli dan konsep ideal yang dikandungnya, 2) kemudian ia menariknya ke ranah kehidupan masyarakat pra-islam, pribadi dan keluarga nabi Muhammad saw, hingga kondisi masyarakat era kenabian melalui perspektif tafsir nuzuli Izzat Darwazah. Pun demikian, menurut penulis ada unsur penelitian lain dalam penulisan karya Aksin tersebut, yaitu beberapa model metode penelitian tafsir sekaligus, seperti: penelitian perbandingan, penelitian tokoh, dan penelitian tematik-nuzuli. Dimana walaupun diletakkan lebih sebagai gambaran umum tafsir nuzuli, setidaknya ia mengajak pembaca khususnya di Indonesia untuk meneelaah kembali khazanah tafsir nuzuli dan memandang mana yang sekira layak untuk dikembangkan dalam turats Islam ke-Indonesia-an.


Adam alemi ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
N. Sarsenbekov ◽  

This article analyzes existential concepts in the work of Ahmet Yassawi “Diwani hikmet”, which forms the Sufi direction of the deeply rooted Turkic civilization, using comparative research methods. In this context, the article collected and investigated the following metaphysical problems, such as the unity and struggle of time and being, disinterested attachment to the Creator, as well as the phenomenon of life and death. The content of the Hikmet is an existential representation of a religious preaching orientation, filled with the principles of a nomadic civilization developed in the Kazakh steppe. Although the main goal of the Hikmet is religious, there are often such existentials as the existence of the Creator and the problems of human existence, life and death, morality, justice, responsibility, conscience. The main position of the Hikmets is to point out a direct path to the Islamic world and suggest ways to form a “True Muslim”. The concepts of the book of wisdom are a way of revealing transcendental contradictions for those who are in an existential crisis. For those who cannot understand the meaning of life and are in existential stagnation, we decided to use the hikmet of Ahmet Yassawi to explain the meaning of real life.


2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 231-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyson D. Abel ◽  
C. Melanie Schuele ◽  
Karen Barako Arndt ◽  
Marvin W. Lee ◽  
Kathryn Guillot Blankenship

The purpose of this study was (a) to describe the performance of preschool children from families with college-educated mothers on two norm-referenced measures, the Preschool Language Scale–4 (PLS-4) and Peabody Picture Vocabulary Tests–III (PPVT-III), and (b) to compare the findings with Qi and colleagues who reported PLS and PPVT scores for children from lower income families. The study involved a secondary analysis of previously collected PLS-4 and PPVT-III data. Participants included 146 typically developing preschoolers who attended preschools serving primarily children from college-educated mothers. Mean standard scores on both measures were at the upper end or exceeded one standard deviation above the normative mean with distributions that approximated normal. Means also greatly exceeded the lower socioeconomic status (SES) group means reported by Qi and colleagues. These results suggest that subsample norms, based on SES, yield multiple distinct but overlapping distributions. Thus, test developers should consider providing subsample norms in addition to traditional population-based norms.


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