EFFECT OF VARIETY OF ENSILED CORN AND HAY SUPPLEMENTATION ON MILK PRODUCTION

1968 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. S. Logan ◽  
L. J. Fisher ◽  
P. S. Hayden
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

Vacuum silages made from Pioneer 383 and Pride 5 corn were fed with concentrate and with and without hay to lactating dairy cows. Yields per hectare in terms of dry matter were 8,850 kg for Pioneer 383 and 8,350 kg for Pride 5. Intake of silage dry matter was significantly higher (P < 0.05) for Pride 5 (11.4 kg/day) than for Pioneer 383 (9.8 kg/day), and significantly lower (P < 0.05) for both silages when hay was fed (11.4 kg/day versus 9.7 kg/day). Fat-corrected milk production was significantly higher (P < 0.05) for Pride 5 (17.0 kg/day) than for Pioneer 383 silage (15.8 kg/day), and significantly higher (P < 0.05) when hay was fed, than without hay supplementation (167 kg/day versus 16.0 kg/day). Utilization of silage dry matter in terms of fat-corrected milk production per hectare was 10,486 kg for Pride 5 corn silage and 11,176 kg for Pioneer 383 corn silage.

scholarly journals YIELD AND NUTRITIVE VALUE OF CORN, BARLEY, WHEAT, AND FORAGE OATS AS SILAGE FOR LACTATING DAIRY COWS

1973 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. BURGESS ◽  
J. W. G. NICHOLSON ◽  
E. A. GRANT
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Feeding Value ◽  
Feeding Trials ◽  
Dough Stage

Whole crops of corn, barley, wheat, and forage oats were ensiled and fed as the sole forage to 48 milking cows in two 12-wk feeding trials. In the first experiment corn (25.1% dry matter (DM)) harvested in the early dent stage, barley (34.2% DM), and forage oats (27.6% DM) harvested in the dough stage were compared. Holstein cows fed the three silages averaged 22.6, 19.7, and 18.7 kg of 4% fat-corrected milk per day and consumed 1.67, 1.82, and 1.85 kg of silage DM per 100 kg body weight, respectively. In the second experiment, cows fed wheat (35.7% DM), barley (29.8% DM), or forage oat (27.0% DM) silage harvested in the dough stage produced 21.2, 23.3, and 22.1 kg fat-corrected milk daily and consumed 1.75, 1.71, and 1.62 kg silage DM per 100 kg body weight, respectively. Corn silage DM intake was lower (P < 0.01) but more efficiently utilized for milk production (P < 0.01) than barley or forage oats, whereas wheat, barley, and forage oat silages were similar in feeding value. In experiment I, rumen acetate increased and butyrate decreased with corresponding increases in forage fiber content. Propionate levels were unaffected by the kind of forage, whereas blood urea nitrogen was highest for cows fed forage oats in both experiments.

RESPONSE OF LACTATING DAIRY COWS TO FORMALDEHYDE-TREATED SOYBEAN MEAL WHEN FED WITH CONTROL OR UREA-TREATED CORN SILAGE

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. ERFLE ◽  
F. D. SAUER ◽  
S. MAHADEVAN ◽  
R. M. TEATHER
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Corn Silage

In two experiments, lactating cows (26 in exp. 1; 32 in exp. 2) were fed an 11.3% crude protein (CP) diet, a 14.7% CP diet containing untreated soybean meal (SBM) or a 14.6% CP diet containing formaldehyde-treated SBM (FSBM), all three fed as a complete blended diet with control corn silage (CCS) (exp. 1); a 12% CP diet, a 13.4% CP diet containing SBM or a 13.3% CP diet containing FSBM, all fed as a complete blended diet with urea-treated corn silage (UCS) (exp. 2). In both experiments concentrates and CCS or UCS were mixed (50:50 dry matter) daily and fed ad lib for a 16-wk period. The increase of CP over the low CP negative control by addition of untreated SBM resulted in a significant (P < 0.05) increase in milk production in both experiments. The addition of FSBM had no significant effect. When comparing solids-corrected milk (SCM), addition of SBM, whether treated or not, significantly increased SCM in both experiments. In neither experiment did FSBM improve milk production over untreated SBM. All animals fed CCS lost body weight but there was no difference between treatments. For animals fed UCS the low CP group lost significantly (P < 0.05) more body weight than did the group fed FSBM. Dry matter (DM) intake was significantly (P < 0.05) lower for the FSBM fed group than for the group fed untreated SBM in exp. 1 (CCS). DM intake was significantly (P < 0.05) increased by either FSBM or SBM over the low CP control fed UCS. Milk protein was the only component significantly (P < 0.05) decreased by FSBM in exp. 1. Isobutyric and isovaleric acids were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in rumen fluid of animals on FSBM plus CCS. Rumen microbial protein content seemed to be more adversely affected by FSBM with CCS than UCS. Amino acid content of FSBM and SBM demonstrated that lysine and tyrosine were lost from SBM after treatment with formaldehyde. The lack of a response in milk production to FSBM is discussed in terms of a lysine and tyrosine deficiency for milk protein synthesis and the adverse effect that formaldehyde protection of SBM may have on the rumen microbial population. Key words: Lactation, dairy cows, urea, corn silage, soybean meal, formaldehyde treatment

scholarly journals Effect of Heat Stress on Bacterial Composition and Metabolism in the Rumen of Lactating Dairy Cows

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 925
Author(s):  
Zhao ◽  
Min ◽  
Zheng ◽  
Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Bacterial Composition ◽  
Rumen Ph ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

Heat stress negatively impacts the health and milk production of dairy cows, and ruminal microbial populations play an important role in dairy cattle’s milk production. Currently there are no available studies that investigate heat stress-associated changes in the rumen microbiome of lactating dairy cattle. Improved understanding of the link between heat stress and the ruminal microbiome may be beneficial in developing strategies for relieving the influence of heat stress on ruminants by manipulating ruminal microbial composition. In this study, we investigated the ruminal bacterial composition and metabolites in heat stressed and non-heat stressed dairy cows. Eighteen lactating dairy cows were divided into two treatment groups, one with heat stress and one without heat stress. Dry matter intake was measured and rumen fluid from all cows in both groups was collected. The bacterial 16S rRNA genes in the ruminal fluid were sequenced, and the rumen pH and the lactate and acetate of the bacterial metabolites were quantified. Heat stress was associated with significantly decreased dry matter intake and milk production. Rumen pH and rumen acetate concentrations were significantly decreased in the heat stressed group, while ruminal lactate concentration increased. The influence of heat stress on the microbial bacterial community structure was minor. However, heat stress was associated with an increase in lactate producing bacteria (e.g., Streptococcus and unclassified Enterobacteriaceae), and with an increase in Ruminobacter, Treponema, and unclassified Bacteroidaceae, all of which utilize soluble carbohydrates as an energy source. The relative abundance of acetate-producing bacterium Acetobacter decreased during heat stress. We concluded that heat stress is associated with changes in ruminal bacterial composition and metabolites, with more lactate and less acetate-producing species in the population, which potentially negatively affects milk production.

scholarly journals Corn silage supplementation for dairy cows grazing annual ryegrass at two pasture allowances

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 1037-1046
Author(s):  
M.F. Miguel ◽  
R. Delagarde ◽  
H.M.N. Ribeiro-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Annual Ryegrass ◽  
Strip Grazing

ABSTRACT Corn silage supplementation for dairy cows grazing in temperate annual pastures has rarely been investigated. The aim of this study is to compare two supplementation levels (0 and 4kg dry matter [DM]/day of a 7:1 mixture of corn silage and soybean meal) in dairy cows strip-grazing annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) at two pasture allowances (PA, low= 25 and high = 40kg DM/d at ground level). The study was carried out according to an incomplete 4 × 3 Latin square design, using 12 cows and three experimental periods of 12 days. The green leaves allowances were only 4.9 and 8.5kg DM/d at the low and high PA, respectively. The total DM intake and milk production increased in supplemented cows compared to un-supplemented cows at the low PA, but were similar between supplementation levels at the high PA. The PI was unaffected by the PA, whereas the substitution rate was 0.68 in cows at the low PA and 1.35 in cows at the high PA. Corn silage supplementation may improve the total DM intake and milk production of dairy cows grazing in temperate annual pastures, but only at a low PA.

scholarly journals Ruminal Ecology, Microbial Protein Synthesis and Milk Production in Lactating Dairy Cows Fed Glycerin-Based Diet: A Comparison Study on Chitosan Sources Supplementation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anuthida Seankamsorn ◽  
Anusorn Cherdthong ◽  
Sarong So ◽  
Metha Wanapat
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Microbial Protein ◽  
Microbial Protein Synthesis ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Different Sources

The study compared the influence of chitosan sources on rumen fermentation, methane emission and milk production in lactating dairy cows fed a glycerin-based diet. Six, lactating Holstein-Frisian crossbreeds (410 &plusmn; 5.0 kg BW, 120 &plusmn; 21 day-in-milk), were arranged in a 3 x 3 replicated Latin square design. In addition to control, a 2% chitosan extract supplement and a 2% commercial chitosan supplement of dry matter intake were the treatments. The results denoted that no significant differences on daily dry matter, nutrients or estimated energy intake were noted when cows received different sources of chitosan. Nutrient digestibility was not influenced differently by extraction based or commercial chitosan supplements. The pH, temperature, ammonia nitrogen, blood urea and microbial count were similar among treatments. The different sources of chitosan supplements did not change the totals of volatile fatty acids, acetate and butyrate; in contrast, different chitosan sources influenced (P&lt;0.05) propionate content. The ruminal acetate to propionate ratio was markedly (P&lt;0.05) reduced with chitosan supplement, but no change appeared between sources of chitosan. At 4 hours after feeding, the methane estimation significantly decreased with the addition of chitosan supplementation (P&lt;0.05) compared to the control group. The purine derivatives and microbial protein synthesis were not altered by the treatments. No significant differences existed on milk yield, milk composition or milk urea nitrogen when cows received different sources of chitosan (P&gt;0.05). In sum, supplementing extracted chitosan showed more potential than did commercial chitosan for enhancing economic efficiency and recycling shrimp residues, therefore, reducing environmental waste.

scholarly journals Effects of Microencapsulated Methionine on Milk Production and Manure Nitrogen Excretions of Lactating Dairy Cows

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3545
Author(s):  
Layla King ◽  
Janaka Wickramasinghe ◽  
Brooke Dooley ◽  
Carrie McCarthy ◽  
Emily Branstad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
N Losses ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

The study objective was to determine the effects of rumen-protected methionine (Met) by microencapsulation (RPM) on amino acid (AA) supply to the udder, milk production, and manure nitrogen (N) losses of dairy cows. A corn and soybean-based diet deficient in metabolizable Met (~10 g/d) was supplemented with RPM providing 0, 11.0, 19.3, and 27.5 g/d of Met. Dry matter intake (DMI), milk production, plasma essential AA (EAA), mammary plasma flow (MPF), and fecal (FN) and urinary N (UN) outputs (g/d) were determined. The RPM increased linearly milk yield, milk protein yield, and energy corrected milk yield (p < 0.040) without affecting DMI. Milk protein yield increased by 50 g/d for the 19.3 vs. 0 g/d dose (p = 0.006) but the rate of increment decreased for 27.5 g/d dose. Plasma Met, and MPF increased linearly with RPM dose (p < 0.050). Apparent total tract digestibility of crude protein (p = 0.020) and FN (p = 0.081) decreased linearly with RPM. The UN did not change but total manure N decreased linearly with RPM (p = 0.054). The RPM (19.3 g/d) seemed to help cows overcome the metabolizable Met deficiency while mitigating manure N excretions to the environment.

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