RESPONSE OF SIX-YEAR-OLD GRASS–ALFALFA PASTURES TO NITROGEN FERTILIZER IN NORTHEASTERN SASKATCHEWAN

1968 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Cooke ◽  
S. E. Beacom ◽  
W. K. Dawley
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Bromus Inermis ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Intermediate Wheatgrass ◽  
Nitrogen Requirement ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
N Treatment

Two 6-year-old grass–alfalfa mixtures were compared when fertilized with 0, 84 and 168 kg nitrogen per hectare and grazed by yearling Hereford steers. The effect of stocking rate, fertilization, forage mixture and year on the cumulative liveweight gain per hectare was also determined. The bromegrass (Bromus inermis L.) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) mixture showed a linear increase in dry matter yield, but the nitrogen requirement of the intermediate wheatgrass (Agropyron intermedium L.) and alfalfa mixture was fully met by the 84-kg/ha N treatment. In 1960, the addition of 84 and 168 kg/ha N to the bromegrass–alfalfa increased animal production by 61 and 98% respectively. Corresponding increases of 53 and 56% were obtained from the fertilized intermediate wheatgrass–alfalfa mixture. Similar percentage increases were obtained in 1961. The 84-kg/ha N treatment reduced the alfalfa content of both mixtures by more than 40%. The 168-kg/ha N treatment practically eliminated the alfalfa from the stands. Nitrogen recovery by the bromegrass–alfalfa was similar at both fertility levels and amounted to 62% in 1960, and 24% in 1961. Recovery of nitrogen by intermediate wheatgrass–alfalfa was 62 and 36% from the 84- and 168-kg/ha N treatments in 1960, and 23 and 12% respectively in 1961.

PASTURE PRODUCTIVITY OF TWO GRASS–ALFALFA MIXTURES IN NORTHEASTERN SASKATCHEWAN

1965 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Cooke ◽  
S. E. Beacom ◽  
W. K. Dawley
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Bromus Inermis ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Rotational Grazing ◽  
Standard Mixture ◽  
Intermediate Wheatgrass ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Annual Application ◽  
Average Yearly Increase

Two grass–alfalfa mixtures were compared for seven consecutive years when continuously and when rotationally grazed by yearling Hereford steers. The productivity of rotationally grazed pastures as affected by annual application of fertilizers was also determined. Intermediate wheatgrass (Agropyron intermedium L.) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) compared favorably with the standard mixture of bromegrass (Bromus inermis L.) and alfalfa for pasture purposes. Production of dry matter ranged from approximately 2.5 to 0.5 tons per acre in the first and seventh year respectively. Precipitation in these two years was 20.7 and 7.7 in. respectively. Rotational grazing did not increase beef production. Fertilization of bromegrass–alfalfa with 20 lb of N per acre and with 20 lb of N + 40 lb of P2O5 per acre resulted in average yearly increase of 18 and 32 lb of beef per acre respectively. Fertilization of intermediate wheatgrass– alfalfa resulted in comparable increase of 1 and 26 lb of beef per acre respectively.

EFFECT OF STAGE AND HEIGHT OF CUTTING ON THE DRY MATTER YIELD AND PERSISTENCE OF INTERMEDIATE WHEATGRASS, BROMEGRASS, AND REED CANARYGRASS

1969 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Lawrence ◽  
R. Ashford
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Statistical Approach ◽  
Bromus Inermis ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Single Test ◽  
Reed Canarygrass ◽  
Intermediate Wheatgrass ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Cutting Height

The effects of harvesting at three heights of cutting and four stages of development on the dry matter yield and persistency of intermediate wheatgrass, Agropyron intermedium (Host.) Beauv., bromegrass, Bromus inermis Leyss., and reed canarygrass, Phalaris arundinacea L., were studied at two sites on irrigated land.The dry matter yield of all species decreased with increasing heights of cutting, and increased with advancing maturity at the time of taking the initial harvest. Highest yields were obtained from all species when cut at a height of 3.8 cm during the seed stage of development. However, this height of cutting resulted in the highest degree of winter injury and the most rapid stand deterioration. Bromegrass was less sensitive to variation in cutting height than intermediate wheatgrass or reed canarygrass. On well-drained, irrigated land, intermediate wheatgrass yielded significantly more forage than either bromegrass or reed canarygrass.The application of a regression analysis to the study of significant interactions among management factors and species within a single test proved to be a very useful statistical approach.

EFFECT OF NITROGEN FERTILIZER AND CLIPPING FREQUENCY ON THE DRY MATTER YIELD AND PERSISTENCY OF INTERMEDIATE WHEATGRASS

1969 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Lawrence ◽  
R. Ashford
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Statistical Approach ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Intermediate Wheatgrass ◽  
Agropyron Intermedium ◽  
Management Factors

The effects of six rates of N fertilizer and five frequencies of clipping on the dry matter yield and persistency of irrigated intermediate wheatgrass, Agropyron intermedium (Host.) Beauv., were studied during 1961–62 at one site, and 1963–65 at a second site.The dry matter yield increased with increasing rates of N fertilizer, and with longer intervals between clippings. Highest yields were obtained with the 375-kg/ha rate of N fertilizer and the 8-week clipping interval.Fertilizer level did not have a significant effect on either the basal ground cover of grass or the degree of winter injury suffered by intermediate wheat-grass. However, clipping frequency was closely related to both of these factors.Application of a regression analysis to the study of significant interactions among management factors proved to be a very useful statistical approach.

scholarly journals Planting Alfalfa with Cover Crops on Forage Dry Matter Yield and Nutritive Values of Alfalfa

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Doohong Min ◽  
Iryna McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Annual Ryegrass ◽  
Oilseed Radish ◽  
Nutritive Values ◽  
Raphanus Sativus L ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Winter Annual

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of planting alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) with- and without cover crops on forage dry matter yield and nutritive values of alfalfa in Kansas, USA. In the first production year 2014, dry matter yield of mono-culture alfalfa appears to be compatible or even higher than planting with certain species of winter annual forages as a cover crop. Alfalfa planted with a combination of four different multi-species winter annual forages such as oats (Avena sativa L.), oilseed radish (Raphanus sativus L.), annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorumL.), and turnip (Brassica rapa L.) had the highest dry matter yield of alfalfa in 2014.Dry matter yield of alfalfa in 2nd production year 2015 was similar to alfalfa + oats and alfalfa + oats + oilseed radish + annual ryegrass + turnip or significantly higher than alfalfa planted with annual ryegrass, oilseed radish, and turnip together. Based on two year of data in 2014 and 2015, the highest alfalfa yield occurred when alfalfa was planted with a combination of oats, oilseed radish, annual ryegrass, and turnip. The lowest dry matter yield of alfalfa occurred when alfalfa was planted with annual ryegrass.No significant differences in crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) were found when comparing alfalfa monoculture with alfalfa + oats, alfalfa + oilseed radish, alfalfa + oats + oilseed radish + annual ryegrass + turnip, and alfalfa + turnip treatments. When considering both dry matter and nutritive values of alfalfa, planting alfalfa with cover crops appears to be compatible or better practice than planting alfalfa monoculture.

Milk production from cows grazing on tropical grass pastures. 1. Effects of stocking rate and level of nitrogen fertilizer on the pasture and diet

1985 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 505 ◽  
Author(s):  
TM Davison ◽  
RT Cowan ◽  
RK Shepherd ◽  
P Martin
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Stocking Rates ◽  
Applied Nitrogen

A 3-year experiment was conducted at Kairi Research Station on the Atherton Tablelands, Queensland, to determine the effects of stocking rate and applied nitrogen fertilizer on the pasture yield and composition, diet selection by cows, and soil fertility of Gatton panic (Panicum maximum cv. Gatton) pastures. Thirty-two Friesian cows were used in a 4x2 factorial design: four stocking rates (2.0, 2.5, 3.0 and 3.5 cows/ha), each at two rates of fertilizer application 200 and 400 kg N/ha.year. The higher rate of fertilization increased the pasture green dry matter on offer at all samplings (P < 0.01); the increase ranged from 1 106 kg/ha in summer to 548 kg/ha in spring. Green dry matter decreased ( P< 0.0 1) with increasing stocking rate, with mean yields of 3736 and 2384 kg/ha at 2.0 and 3.5 cows/ha, respectively. Weed yields increased over the 3 years at the higher stocking rates for pastures receiving 200 kg N/ha.year. The crude protein content of leaf and stem increased with increasing stocking rate and amount of applied nitrogen fertilizer. Values ranged from 12.1 to 26.5% of dry matter (DM) in leaf and from 3.7 to 13.8% DM in stem. In leaf, sodium concentration (range 0.05-0.20% DM) was increased, while phosphorus concentration (range 0.21-0.44% DM) was decreased by the higher rate of fertilizer application. Plant sodium and phosphorus levels were inadequate for high levels of milk production. Dietary leaf content and crude protein contents were consistently increased by both a reduced stocking rate, and the higher rate of fertilization. Cows were able to select for leaf and at the lowest stocking rate, leaf in the diet averaged 38%; while the leaf content of the pasture was 20%. Dietary leaf content ranged from 38 to 57% in summer and from 11 to 36% in winter. Dietary crude protein ranged from 13 to 15% in summer and from 7 to 11% in winter and was positively correlated with pasture crude protein content and dietary leaf percentage. Soil pH decreased (P<0.05) from an overall mean of 6.3 in 1976 to 6.1 at 200 N and 5.8 at 400 N in 1979. Soil phosphorus status remained stable, while calcium and magnesium levels were lower (P<0.01) after 3 years.

Assessment of yield and quality characteristics of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cultivars with different fall dormancy rating

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Avci ◽  
Rüºtü Hatipoglu ◽  
Selahattin Çinar ◽  
Numan Kiliçalp
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Fall Dormancy ◽  
Feed Value ◽  
Medicago Sativa L

This research was conducted to determine performances of seven alfalfa cultivars with different fall dormancy rates in terms of dry matter yield and some quality parameters under Mediterranean conditions throughout the years of 2007-2009. In the study, cultivars were evaluated for dry matter yield (DMY), leaf/stem ratio (LSR), crude protein (CP) content, crude protein yield (CPY), acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), digestible dry matter (DDM) content and relative feed value (RFV). According to average of two year results, there were significant differences among alfalfa cultivars in terms of all characters studied. Mean DMY, LSR, contents of CP, ADF, NDF, DDM and RFV were determined as 18.147 t ha-1, 0.82, 17.4 %, 41.0 %, 49.0 %, 56.9 % and 114. The highest DMY averaged over two years was obtained from cultivar Nimet while lowest one was obtained from Magnum 5. As a dormant cultivar, Magnum 5 was superior in terms of LSR and CP content to the other alfalfa cultivars and it was lower in ADF and NDF content than the others. It was concluded that cultivar Nimet with the highest DMY and CPY yields can be recommended as a non-dormant cultivar for farmers in regions of Turkey with the Mediterranean climate.

Fire and survival of Stylosanthes spp. in the dry savanna woodlands of the Northern Territory

1982 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 203 ◽  
Author(s):  
JJ Mott
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Native Grass ◽  
Hard Seed ◽  
Stylosanthes Humilis ◽  
Good Germination

A series of burns was carried out during the early and late, dry season and early wet season, in mixed native grass-legume plots containing Stylosanthes humilis, S. hamata, S, scabra and S. viscosa as the legume component. The least mortality was shown by S. scabra, but its survival was poor in any sward more than 3 years old. After burning the other species relied solely on seedling regeneration for subsequent season's growth. Fire killed a considerable quantity of seed, but its heat softened hard seed in the soil and good germination occurred with summer rains. However, the presence of a large proportion of soft seed through the winter months could lead to out-of-season germination and subsequent death of seedlings after unseasonal winter rains. Although the total dry matter yield of swards was reduced by all fires, burning could play an important part in increasing yields of S. hamata in swards overgrown by dense native grass, since it increases the amount of soft seed in the soil. If burning causes a high mortality of mature plants of the perennials S. scabra and S. viscosa, a reduction in stocking rate may be needed to ensure regeneration of a productive sward, as these species have slow seedling growth rates.

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