Analytical techniques for the determination of verapamil in biological samples and dosage forms: an overview

Bioanalysis ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 2189-2205
Author(s):  
Fariba Pourkarim ◽  
Elaheh Rahimpour ◽  
Abolghasem Jouyban
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring ◽  
Drug Monitoring ◽  
Biological Samples ◽  
Channel Blocker ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Migraine Prophylaxis ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms

Verapamil (VER) is a calcium channel blocker that is widely used to treat various cardiovascular diseases and is also effective in migraine prophylaxis. As the therapeutic range of VER is very narrow and toxicity can occur in patients after oral administration, therapeutic drug monitoring is recommended to optimize pharmacotherapy. The choice of an appropriate bioanalytical method for therapeutic drug monitoring of VER in the biological samples is a very important step in achieving fast and reliable results. This review focuses on the various analytical methods reported between 1976 and 2019 for the determination of VER in different biological samples and pharmaceutical dosage forms along with their methodological limitations. This review provides an overview for pharmaceutical industry researchers, clinicians and clinical chemists.

Electroanalytical Methods for Determination of Calcium Channel Blockers

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Ağın
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Channel ◽  
Calcium Channel Blockers ◽  
Channel Blocker ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Electroanalytical Methods ◽  
Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms ◽  
Ischemic Heart Diseases

Background:Calcium Channel Blockers (CCBs) are widely used in the treatment of cardiovascular and ischemic heart diseases in recent years. They treat arrhythmias by reducing cardiac cycle contraction and also benefit ischemic heart diseases. Electroanalytical methods are very powerful analytical methods used in the pharmaceutical industry because of the determination of therapeutic agents and/or their metabolites in clinical samples at extremely low concentrations (10-50 ng/ml). The purpose of this review is to gather electroanalytical methods used for the determination of calcium channel blocker drugs in pharmaceutical dosage forms and biological media selected mainly from current articles.Methods:This review mainly includes recent determination studies of calcium channel blockers by electroanalytical methods from pharmaceutical dosage forms and biological samples. The studies of calcium channel blockers electroanalytical determination in the literature were reviewed and interpreted.Results:There are a lot of studies on amlodipine and nifedipine, but the number of studies on benidipine, cilnidipine, felodipine, isradipine, lercanidipine, lacidipine, levamlodipine, manidipine, nicardipine, nilvadipine, nimodipine, nisoldipine, nitrendipine, diltiazem, and verapamil are limited in the literature. In these studies, DPV and SWV are the most used methods. The other methods were used less for the determination of calcium channel blocker drugs.Conclusion:Electroanalytical methods especially voltammetric methods supply reproducible and reliable results for the analysis of the analyte. These methods are simple, more sensitive, rapid and inexpensive compared to the usually used spectroscopic and chromatographic methods.

Quantification Of Novel Dpp4 Inhibitor - Vildagliptin By Spectrophotometric And Chromatographic Techniques: Brief Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 5603-5610
Author(s):  
Gnanasekaran D. ◽  
Gandhimathi R.
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Major Focus ◽  
Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ◽  
Chromatographic Techniques ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitor ◽  
Pros And Cons

A review is presented on different analytical techniques used for quantitative analysis of novel Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (DPP-4) - Vildagliptin. Endeavours have been made to examine all the pertinent references to the degree conceivable. The review discusses the pros and cons of the cited analytical techniques, which will aid to give understand into the methods used for determination of Vildagliptin, from clinical isolates and from its pharmaceutical dosage forms. The major focus of this review is the basic as well as advanced analytical techniques established for determination of Vildagliptin. The procedures outlined here have been exhibited to be helpful for assessment of Vildagliptin and may discover application in dissecting other related properties.

Determination of Olanzapine for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Schizophrenia Patients by LC/MS Method

2018 ◽  
pp. e4468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mevlut Albayrak ◽  
Yucel Kadioglu ◽  
Mehmet Emrah Yaman ◽  
Onur Senol ◽  
Elif Oral
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring ◽  
Drug Monitoring ◽  
Therapeutic Drug

Determination of cefoperazone and sulbactam in serum by HPLC-MS/MS: An adapted method for therapeutic drug monitoring in children

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. e4143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiu-Jun Wu ◽  
Xin Huang ◽  
Hai-Yan Shi ◽  
Xing-Kai Chen ◽  
Qian Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring ◽  
Drug Monitoring ◽  
Therapeutic Drug
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