scholarly journals Management of Blue Gum Chalcid (Leptocybe invasa Fisher & La Salle (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) infestation on different species of Eucalyptus trees in Kalu district, Eastern Amhara, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-214
Author(s):  
Tigabu Redae Alle ◽  
Adane Tesfaye Lema ◽  
Seid Muhie Dawud
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽  
Pest Infestation ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Leptocybe Invasa ◽  
Control Application ◽  
Blue Gum

The recently introduced chalcid pest known as the Blue Gum Chalcid (BGC) (L. invasa) is currently one of the major insect pests of Eucalyptus tree species in Ethiopia. A research was conducted in Kalu district, South Wollo, Eastern Amhara, Ethiopia, the main objective of which was to evaluate the effectiveness of synthetic insecticides, hoeing and water showering options against BGC. Two parallel experiments were conducted in the nursery and in the field. Eucalyptus camaldulensis, E. saligna, E. viminalis, E. citrodora and E. globulus were considered in the nursery at Chorisa. One to three-year old E. camaldulensis plantations were considered at Tikuro plantation site. At the nursery, seven treatments and at the field 10 treatments were tested in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications from January to February 2019, where treatments were applied 3 times at 15-day intervals. Results from the 1-year old plantation revealed that application of Dimethoate 40%, Carbofuran 3G and Dimethoate 40% + hoeing followed by Carbofuran 3G + hoeing and Thiamethoxam 25WG were effective in checking the BGC insect pest infestation. In the 3-year old plantation, Carbofuran 3G significantly reduced the infestation followed by Dimethoate 40%. At the nursery, Dimethoate 40% and Carbofuran 3G reduced the infestation followed by Carbofuran 3G + Dimethoate 40% and thiamethoxam 25WG. Water showering and hoeing did not reduce BGC infestation in all cases at the field plantations. Treatments that received synthetic insecticides and hoeing had low infestation, the reason for which was the insecticide rather than the hoeing, because the hoeing alone didn’t differ from the control. Application of Dimethoate 40% and Carbofuran 3G with hoeing and weeding activities were recommended to manage and limit BGC insect pest infestations.

New Record of Insect Pests on Seedlings of Eucalyptus

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-124
Author(s):  
N. Roychoudhury ◽  
Subhash Chandra ◽  
Ram Singh ◽  
Shashi Barve ◽  
Anand Das
Keyword(s):  
New Record ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
First Record ◽  
Eurema Hecabe ◽  
Achaea Janata ◽  
Leptocybe Invasa ◽  
Hyposidra Talaca ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Blue Gum

The present paper reports the occurrence of insects damaging Eucalyptus in nursery stage. Out of nine insects recorded, seven species observed as occasional defoliating species, viz. Achaea janata (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae), Catapsilia crocale Cramer (Lepidoptera : Pieridae), Dasychira grotei Moore (Lepidoptera : Lymantriidae), Eurema hecabe Linnaeus (Lepidoptera : Pieridae), Hyposidra talaca (Walker) (Lepidoptera : Geometridae), Lymantria sobrina Moore (Lepidoptera : Lymantriidae) and Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae), one rare sap-sucking species, Chrysocoris purpureus Westwood (Heteroptera : Pentatomodae) and one gall making species, Leptocybe invasa Fisher & LaSalle (Hymenoptera : Eulophidae). Among the nine species collected, six defoliators and one sap sucker are new addition to the Eucalyptus entomology. Further, H. talaca is the first record of occurrence on Eucalyptus in India. On the basis of percentage infestation/damage caused by above insects, L. invasa, commonly known as blue gum chalcid wasp, was recorded only as a key insect pest in nursery stage of Eucalyptus. The results have been discussed in the light of the present observations.

scholarly journals Comparative Experimental Effects of Intercropping and Cypermethrin on Insect Pest Infestation and Yield of Maize, Cowpea and Okra in Two Cameroonian Agro-Ecological Zones

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-393
Author(s):  
Patient Farsia Djidjonri ◽  
Nukenine Elias Nchiwan ◽  
Hartmut Koehler
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Pest Infestation ◽  
Final Yield ◽  
Cropping Seasons ◽  
Agro Ecological Zones

The present study investigates the effect of intercropping (maize-cowpea, maize-okra, maize-okra-cowpea, okra-cowpea) compared to insecticide application on the level of infestation of insect pests and the final yield of maize, cowpea and okra. Field experiments were conducted during the 2016 and 2017 cropping seasons in the Guinean Savannah (Dang-Ngaoundere) and Sudano Sahelian (Gouna-Garoua) agro-ecological zones in Cameroon. Our experimental design was a split plot arrangement in a randomized complete block with four replications. The main factor was assigned to the use of insecticide (Cypermethrin) and sub plots were devoted for cropping systems. We compared the efficiency of intercropping to that of Cypermethrin application on the Yield of maize, cowpea and okra as influenced by insect pest damages. The comparison of monocropped sprayed by Cypermethrin to unsprayed showed that, in Dang, insect pests reduced maize yield by 37% and 24% in 2016 and 2017, respectively, whereas in Gouna, it was lower than 8% during the both years. Reduction in seed yield by insect pests on cowpea in Dang represented 47% and 50% in 2016 and 2017, respectively, whereas in Gouna, it was 55% and 63% in 2016 and 2017, respectively. For okra, insect pests reduced okra fruit yield by 25% and 44% in Dang and 23% and 28% in Gouna, respectively, in 2016 and 2017. Crop yield was lower in intercropping compared to monoculture due to competition of plants in association on different resources. Considering the total yields obtained from each intercropping, intercropping trials resulted generally in higher yields compared to mono-culture (LER > 1) in both sites and years but the respective yields were quite different. On the basis of the results obtained, we recommend maize-cowpea intercropping as a sustainable solution to reduce the infestation level of their pest insects.

scholarly journals Еffect of insect infestation on the economic value of smoked fish sold in selected markets in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-86
Author(s):  
A.A. Ayeloja ◽  
F.O.A. George ◽  
W.A. Jimoh ◽  
G.L. Adebisi
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Insect Infestation ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Smoked Fish ◽  
Pest Infestation ◽  
Multistage Sampling

Abstract. In the present study a multistage sampling technique using semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain information on socio- economic characteristics of the respondents and on economic loss of smoked fish resulting from insect pest infestation. Smoked fishes were bought from 10 markets in Oyo state, South West of Nigeria and checked in the laboratory for the insect pests. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square. Results indicated that insects at their larvae stage cause more economic loss to smoked fish than adult insects while Necrobia rufipes and Dermestes spp. are the insects found to infest the smoked fishes in this study. The insect infestation of the smoked fish leads to huge economic loss. Of all respondent groups the women dominate smoked fish business.

scholarly journals APLIKASI PUPUK DAN MULSA JERAMI PADA TANAMAN KEDELAI TERHADAP SERANGAN HAMA DAN PRODUKSI

EUGENIA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Rimbing ◽  
J. Pelealu ◽  
D. Sualang
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Flying Insects ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Soybean Pest ◽  
Crop Damages ◽  
Virus Attack ◽  
Soybean Plants

ABSTRACT   The research was arranged in a randomized block design (RBD), with 10 treatments and 3 replications. To get the active insects pests, net sweepings were done for the flying insects, while other pests were observed directly on the plants. Collecting data of plant damages were made by systematic diagonal lines, except for viruses, census was conducted on each experimental plot.  The results of this experiment documented 12 species of insect pests attacking soybean plants. Soybean pest populations were relatively low, except for Aphis glycine that was quite high. In all treatments, plant damage caused by sucking pest Piezodorus sp and Riptortus linearis were relatively low of 1.53 % to 1.94 %; it indicated an insignificant effect to decline the production. Crop damages by virus showed a significant effect. The lowest virus attacks found on compost of 5 tons per ha with 43 plants infected per treatment, the highest virus attack showed on combination of 5 tons compost per ha + inorganic fertilizer + mulch, in which there were 274 infected plants per treatment. Apparently virus attacks gave impact on soybean production. The highest production were documented on treatment of 5 tons compost per ha with production of 0.55 tons per ha, while the lowest production was found on combination of 5 tons compost per ha + inorganic fertilizer + mulch, in which the production was 0.22 tons per ha. Keywords:  fertilizer, mulch, insect pest, production

scholarly journals Screening of Genotypes against Major Sucking Insect- Pests of Mothbean [Vigna aconitifolia] in Arid Region

2021 ◽  
pp. 80-88
Author(s):  
K. L. Naga ◽  
A. R. Naqvi ◽  
B. L. Naga ◽  
H. L. Deshwal ◽  
L. Jhumar
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Management Programme ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Vigna Aconitifolia ◽  
Randomized Block Design

Aim: Some genotypes of mothbean were screened for their comparative preference against jassids, whiteflies and thrips. Materials and Methods: The experiment was laid out during Kharif season in Randomized Block Design with three Replications. Ten genotypes (viz., RMO-225, RMO-40, RMO-423, RMO-435, RMO-257, RMO-25, RMO-141, RMO-20-36, RMO-04-01-28 and RMO-28-80) were screened against major sucking insect pests which were replicated thrice. Observations: The observations were recorded after two weeks of sowing at weekly intervals after two weeks of sowing. The pest populations were recorded on five randomly selected and tagged plants per plot in early hours when insect have minimum activity. Results: The data revealed that none of the genotypes ware found free from sucking insect pest attack. On the basis of peak population, the genotypes RMO-25 and RMO-141 were categorized as least preferred to jassids, whiteflies and thrips, whereas, RMO-435, RMO-225 and RMO-04-01-28 as highly preferred to jassids and whiteflies and RMO-435, RMO-225 and RMO-257 as highly resistant to thrips. Conclusion: It is well known that certain genotypes of crops are less attacked by a specific insect-pest than others because of natural resistance. In the integrated pest management programme, growing of varieties (RMO-25 and RMO-141) with less preference to sucking insect-pests is one of the most important tools without additional cost.

REPRODUCTIVE CAPACITY OF TWO STRAINS OF CRYPTOLESTES TURCICUS (COLEOPTERA: CUCUJIDAE)

1968 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-199
Author(s):  
P. S. Barker ◽  
James A. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
The Other ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Design Experiment ◽  
Pest Infestation ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Flour Mill ◽  
Cryptolestes Turcicus

Cryptolestes turcicus (Grouvelle), an insect pest of flour mills and warehouses, is distributed in Canada from Alberta to Quebec (Sinha 1965). Barker (1967) showed a difference in susceptibility to methyl bromide between two strains of C. turcicus; one of these was from the Pest Infestation Laboratory, Slough, England, and the other was from a local flour mill. A fortuitous observation suggested that there might be a difference between the reproductive capacities of these two strains. A randomized block design experiment was designed to test this hypothesis. Reproduction was observed in three sets of beetles differing in population density; each set was replicated four times.

scholarly journals FIELD EVALUATION OF FIVE WHEAT VARIETES AGAINST INSECT PEST INFESTATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhananjoy Kumar Mahato ◽  
Md. Mizanur Rahman ◽  
Sadhan Kumer Guha Magumder ◽  
Kazi Md. Abu Sayeed ◽  
Md. Abu Zafur Al Munsur
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Leaf Beetle ◽  
Filling Stage ◽  
Physical Resistance ◽  
Grain Filling Stage

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the infestation status of insect pest on different wheat variety. Five wheat variety (BARI GOM -24, BARI GOM-25, BARI GOM-27, BARI GOM-28and BARI GOM-29) were used as a test crop to conduct the study. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Total 5 insect pests were found from this experiment among wheat aphid and wireworm as major and leaf hopper, grass hopper and cereal leaf beetle as minor insect of wheat. The highest insect pest was found in grain filling stage and lowest was found in panicle initiation stage. In grain filling stage, the lowest number of aphid (6.26) was recorded from BARI GOM-29 and the highest number of wheat aphid (9.11) was found in BARI GOM-24. Effect of different varieties of plant height, filled grain, unfilled grain, weight of 1000 grain and yield showed significant. The highest yield (3.56 tha-1 ) was recorded in BARI GOM-29 and the lowest yield 2.29 tha-1 was recorded in BARI GOM-25. The highest percentage of infested spike hill-1 was recorded in BARI GOM-27 and lowest was found in BARI GOM-29. The lowest yield loss (31.53%) was recorded in BARI GOM-29. This is might be due to physical resistance of the varieties. BARI GOM-29 recommended to wheat growers as it is found the most resistant/tolerant wheat cultivar against wheat insect pest with maximum grain yield as compared to other cultivars.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Turmeric (Curcuma longa) and Lambda-cyhalothrin on Insect Pest Infestation and Performance of Okra in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
A. A. Oso ◽  
A. J. Okunoye
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Lambda Cyhalothrin ◽  
And Performance

Okra, an economically important vegetable crop with numerous benefits to human, is often attacked by large number of insect species. These insect species cause direct damage to okra plants and also serve as vectors of diseases resulting in economic loss. Control of these insect pests given reducing hunger and poverty, and fostering agricultural ecosystems becomes imperative.  This study aimed at the use of indigenous medicinal plant and a sub-lethal dose of synthetic insecticide to check the invasion of pests and performance of okra. The field laid in a randomized complete block design of four treatments replicated three times. The treatments included; Curcuma longa 5%, Curcuma longa 20%, lambda-cyhalothrin, and a control. Data were collected on insect pest species recovered after treatment application and yield of okra. All data were subjected to analysis of variance and differences between the treatment means were separated using Duncan’s multiple range test. C. longa (20%) compared effectively with the sub-lethal dose of lambdacyhalothin (0.5 ml/l) in their attack against the targeted pests. Although higher number and weight of pods were harvested from synthetically treated plots, the C. longa treated plots produced significantly higher number and weight of harvested pods when compared with untreated plots. Water extract of the rhizomes also conferred some protection against okra pests; we recommend that farmers in Ekiti State adopt this botanical against the notorious flea beetles especially when the profits accrue from okra sales outweigh their net investment.  

scholarly journals Comparative Efficacy of Plant Extracts with Synthetic against Insect Pests of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Monech)

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 52-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeola Foluke Odewole ◽  
Fatai Olaitan Alao ◽  
Adedayo Akeem Agboola ◽  
Bolawaye Folakemi Adedapo
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Comparative Efficacy ◽  
Synthetic Insecticide ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Cropping Seasons ◽  
Better Than

A field study was carried out during the two cropping seasons of okra to investigate the efficacy of plant extracts and synthetic insecticides applied singly and synergistic effect of botanicals with the synthetic insecticide on some insect pests of okra. Plots were arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), with three replications. Three insect pests of okra (Podagrica uniformis, Podagrica sjostedti and Zenocerous variegatus) were observed on the field. Cypermethrin applied singly and Cypermethrin combined with plant extracts effectively controlled observed insect pests, followed by lone application of plant extracts (L camara, T. vogelii and Z. officinales plant extracts at 1st and 2nd season. Okra yield revealed that both plant extract and Cypermethrin combined with plant extract were not significantly different from one another at first season and at second season Cypermethrin combined with plant extracts performed better than Cypermethrin applied singly. This study indicates that the studied plant extracts can be good synergist for Cypermethrin in controlling field pest of okra.

scholarly journals Comparative Efficacy of Tephrosia vogelii and Moringa oleifera against Insect Pests of Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus Thumb)

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 5-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.O. Alao ◽  
T.A. Adebayo
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Phyllotreta Cruciferae ◽  
Insecticidal Efficacy ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Tephrosia Vogelii ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Fast Acting

Despite the fact that synthetic insecticides are fast acting, they constitute environmental hazard thereby necessitating the use of ecologically based alternative such as plant based insecticide. This experiment was conducted during the late and early planting seasons of 2011 to determine the insecticidal efficacy of Tephrosia vogelii and Moringa oleifera extracts at three tested concentrations (5, 10 and 20% v/v) against insect pests of watermelon. The experiment was set up in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The results showed that M. oleifera extracts had 62% reduction of Phyllotreta cruciferae compared with T. vogelii which had 45% control. However, T. vogelii extracts had 64% control of Diabrotica undecimpunctata and Bactrocera curcubitea but M. olefera extracts had 50% control. The plant extracts proved effective against studied insects when compared with untreated plots. However, the effectiveness of the two plants extracts were concentration dependent. Therefore, the two plant extracts can be used in the control of insect pests of the watermelon

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