scholarly journals Mutagenic effects of sodium azide on the survival and morphological characters of tomato varieties

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
C.A. Adeosun ◽  
K.A. Elem ◽  
C.D. Eze
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Azide ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Tomato Crop ◽  
The Difference

Sodium Azide (SA)-induced mutagenic variability was studied on four tomato varieties namely Roma vf, Roma savannah, Tropimech and Tima. The SA concentrations used were 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5% and 0.7%, with 0.0% as control to determine the percentage emergence and growth parameters of the tomato varieties. The plant seeds were pretreated with the various concentrations of the mutagen before planting. The seedlings were raised in the nursery and transplanted after 30 days of planting into the field in polythene bags filled with 70g of a mixture of soil and farm yard manure. The experiment was carried out in randomised complete block design with three replicates. Increase in SA concentration caused a remarkable decrease in the percentage emergence and all other growth parameters evaluated. The effect of the interaction between variety and SA concentration revealed that the interaction was not significantly different from the control at P≤0.05 on the number of leaves, number of branches and leaf length, but the difference was significant for plant height. Formation of two stems was observed at 0.3% Sodium Azide for Roma vf. variety. The 0.1% and 0.3% concentrations of Sodium Azide seem to be promising treatments under the experimental conditions and thus could be used to induce variations for tomato crop improvement. Tima and Roma savannah performed better and were resistant to the mutagen than other varieties, hence they can be recommended as good varieties for further breeding purposes; also Sodium Azide could be a good mutagen for the improvement of tomato plants. Keywords: Tomato, growth characters, mutagenic, Sodium Azide, morphological variability.

scholarly journals Characterization of finger millet [Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.] germplasm for morphological parameters under field conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 836-838
Author(s):  
A. P. Goswami ◽  
B. Prasad ◽  
V. C. Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Flag Leaf Length

The trial was conducted at the research block of Crop Improvement, GBPUAT, Hill Campus, Ranichauri using randomized block design (RBD) to characterize finger millet germplasm for morphological characters viz., plant height, flag leaf length, number of tiller plant-1, number of finger ear-1, ear length, no. of grain finger-1, no. of grain ear-1 and grain yield plant-1. Among all germplasms, number of finger ear-1, number of grain finger-1 and grain yield plant-1(g) had recorded highest in VL 149 which were 9.96, 150.66, 2.63 g respectively. The germplasm GEC 1406 attained lowest plant height (75.89 cm), GEC 961 had recorded higher flag leaf length (40.96 cm), GEC 268 had recorded maximum number of tiller plant-1 (3.30), GEC 199 had recorded higher ear length (9.20 cm), GEC 1044 had recorded maximum number of grain ear-1 (663) among all germplasm of finger millet. This study is helpful to identify superior germplasm so they can be used for further finger millet crop improvement programs.

EFFECT OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF BORON ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF OFF-SEASON CAULIFLOWER (BRASSICA OLERACEA VAR. BOTRYTIS) IN ARGHAKHANCHI, NEPAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Srijana Pandey ◽  
Sapana Parajuli ◽  
Biplov Oli ◽  
Surya Dhungana
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Different Doses

The research was conducted at Beltari Sandhikharka-10, Arghakhanchi district to study about the effect of various doses of boron on growth and yield attributing characters of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) during off-season from February to June in 2020. Five treatments; B0 (control/no application), B1: 2kg/ha, B2: 4kg/ha, B3: 6kg/ha, B4: 8kg/ha which are the different doses of boron application were laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 4 replications. The growth parameters like plant height, number of leaves per plant leaf length and leaf breadth of largest leaf were recorded multiple times with 15 days interval. Days to curd initiation and Days from curd initiation to harvest were recorded by regular field observation. The yield parameters; curd weight with leaves, Marketable curd weight, average curd yield, incidence of hollowing were recorded during harvest. The economics from application of boron doses in cauliflower production was obtained in terms of cost of cultivation, gross returns, net returns, and benefit cost ratio. The result showed that the growth and yield attributing characters of cauliflower were significantly affected by application of boron in which the value of these parameters was found significantly higher in B1 followed by other treatments. The average curd yield of cauliflower in B1 was found to be 12.39 mt/ha which was 48.92% higher than that of B0 with curd yield 8.32 mt/ha. Similarly, the net return was found significantly the highest in B1 and the lowest in B0. The result showed that application of boron in the range of 2-4 kg/ha is preferred to control and higher doses in respect of both productivity and economics.

scholarly journals Genetic Variability, Character Association and Path Analysis in Boro Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Germplasm from Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
MZ Islam ◽  
T Chakrabarty ◽  
N Akter ◽  
ESMH Rashid ◽  
M Khalequzzaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Positive Significant Correlation ◽  
Boro Rice

The success of varietal development programmme largely depends on the nature and magnitude of genetic variability, heritability and characters association of the crop. The objective of the present study was to estimate the extent of genetic variability and relation between yield and related characters of rice. Forty Boro rice germplasm were evaluated in a randomised complete block design with three replications. Analysis of variance indicated significant differences among the genotypes for 14 quantitative characters. The presence of slightly higher phenotypic coefficient of variation than genotypic coefficient of variation indicated the negligible influence of environment on the expression of yield and its component traits. Leaf length, days to flowering, days to maturity and 1000 grain weight showed highly positive significant correlation present with yield hill-1. High heritability had been observed for yield contributing traits during the study, suggested that these traits would respond to selection owing to their high genetic variability and transmissibility. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the inheritance of traits, their heritability and relationship with other important characteristics is important for the choice of breeding and selection methods for crop improvement. Bangladesh Rice j. 2018, 22(1): 35-43

Growth and Rhizome Yield of Ginger (Zingiber officinale L.) as Influenced by Propagule Size and Nitrogen Levels in Ogbomoso, Southwestern Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 35-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rihana Funsho Asafa ◽  
Wasiu Babatunde Akanbi
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Propagule Size

The experiments were conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria in 2010 and 2011 to determine the effect of propagule size and nitrogen levels on the growth and rhizome yield of ginger.The nitrogen source was from Tithonia compost (TC). Three propagule sizes were tested (20, 30 and 40 g) and seven nitrogen levels (0, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120 and 140g kg N/ha). The experimental pots were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Data were collected on growth parameters (plant height, number of leaves, leaf length and leaf width); rhizome yield components (number of tillers and rhizomes, and rhizome weight and length); and proximate composition (crude protein (CP), crude fibre (CF), total lipid (TL); Total Ash (TA), Starch and water soluble extract). Data collected were subjected to analysis of variance and significant means were compared using Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) (P ≤ 0.05). Propagule size, N levels and their interactions significantly (P≤ 0.05) influenced most of the parameters assessed. In most cases, the use of 30 and 40 g planting material gave similar results. Plants nourished with 140 kg N/ha significantly and consistently outperformed others fertilized with other nitrogen levels. Crude protein obtained from 40 g propagule size was significantly ( P ≤ 0.05) higher than other tested propagule sizes. The rhizome yields of fertilized plants were significantly higher than the non fertilized plants. Rhizome yields ranged from 1.57 t/ha in none fertilized plants to 3.71 t/ha in 140 kg N/ha. In conclusion, establishment of ginger with 40 g planting materials and its nourishment with 140 kg N/ha enhanced its growth, rhizome yield and proximate compositions of the plant.

Effect of phosphorus and zinc nutrition on growth and yield of fodder cowpea

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh Kumar ◽  
Deepak Kumar Rathore ◽  
Magan Singh ◽  
Parveen Kumar ◽  
Anil Khippal
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Green Fodder ◽  
Fodder Yield ◽  
Zinc Levels ◽  
Phosphorus Application

An experiment consisting of four phosphorus levels (0, 40, 60 and 80 kg/ha P2O5) and five zinc levels (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 kg/ha ZnSO4) was laid out in randomized block design in factorial mode to find out the effect on yield and quality of fodder cowpea [Vigna Unguiculata (L.)Walp.]. Growth parameters viz. plant height, number of leaves, number of branches, leaf length, leaf width and leaf stem ratio were improved with the application of 60 kg/ha P2O5 and 20 kg/ha ZnSO4. Application of 60 kg/ha phosphorus recorded 27.64 t/ha yield, which was 7.50 and 55.6 % higher than 40 kg/ha and no phosphorus application, respectively. Application of zinc in the form of ZnSO4 @ 20 kg/ha increased significantly the green fodder yield (25.89 t/ha). Interaction effect of phosphorus and zinc application was found significant with respect to green fodder, dry matter yield and nutrient uptake. Yield, phosphorus and zinc uptake in cowpea fodder were showing declining trend at combination of application rate more than 60 kg/ha P2O5 and 20 kg/ha ZnSO4.

scholarly journals Morphological variation among fifteen superior robusta coffee clones in Lampung Province, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 1475-1481 ◽  
Author(s):  
SRI RAMADIANA ◽  
DWI HAPSORO ◽  
YUSNITA YUSNITA
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Leaf Base ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Robusta Coffee ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

Ramadiana S, Hapsoro D, Yusnita Y. 2018. Morphological variation among fifteen superior robusta coffee clones inLampung Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 1475-1481. This study aimed to characterize morphological variation among fifteensuperior robusta coffee clones in Lampung Province. The fifteen clones consisted of four clones released by the Indonesian Coffee andCocoa Research Institute (ICCRI), i.e. ‘BP 409’,‘BP936’, ‘BP939’, ‘SA 237’, together with eleven superior coffee clones selected byfarmers from Tanggamus District (‘Tugino’, ‘Wanto’, ‘Biyadi’, ‘Komari’, ‘Wardi’, ‘Wariso’) and from West Lampung District (‘TuguKuning’, ‘Tugu Hijau', ‘Tugu Biru', ‘Tugu Sari', ‘Lengkong'). Fifteen qualitative and seven quantitative morphological characters wereevaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replicates for each clone,each replication consisted of two plants. Fromeach plant, four samples were taken from four sides of the plant (north, south, west, and east). It was found that while somemorphological characters exhibited negligible variation among clones, there were significant differences between clones for othercharacters. The characters that did not differ significantly between clones were: shapes of leaf base and leaf tip; petiole color; leafvenation pattern; fruit disk shape; ripe-fruit color; and stipule shape. The characters that varied between clones were shape of leaf lamina(elliptical vs. lanceolate); fruit shape (round vs. oval); and shape of leaf margins. Morphological variation was also observed in somequantitative characters: canopy diameter; tree height; stem diameter; leaf length; leaf width; petiole length; stipule length; and number ofprimary branches.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF AMINO ACIDS ON GROWTH AND FLOWERING OF Rosa hybrid L. PLANT GROWING IN NUTRIENT FILM TECHNIQUE AND SOLID SUBSTRATE SOILLESS CULTURE

2019 ◽  
pp. 47-53
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Solid Substrate ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Vase Life ◽  
Soilless Culture ◽  
Flower Stalk ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Nutrient Film Technique

Rosa hybrida (cv. Red Dino) was grown at the experimental site of the Hort. Dept., Fac. Agric., University of Zagazig, Egypt, during the two consecutive seasons of 2017 and 2018. Aiming to evaluate the effect of different amino acid types (glutamine, methionine, phenylalanine and proline), soilless culture methods (nutrient film technique and solid substrate culture) and their combination treatments on growth and flowering of rose plant. These experiments were performed as a split-plot in complete randomized block design with three replicates. The results showed that in most cases phenylalanine acid gave the highest values of growth parameters (plant height, number and weight of leaves, leaf length and width as well as root length) compared to the other amino acid types under study. The same trend was obtained concerning flowering parameters (flowers number, weight and diameter per plant, flower stalk length as well as vase life of cut flowers) during both seasons. The solid substrate culture (SSC) in most cases gave correspondingly higher values of above mentioned parameters (except that of flowering date and flowers vase life) than the nutrient film technique (NFT). Total chlorophyll content (SPAD) was significantly increased with SSC compared to NFT. The best combination treatment, from the productive point of view, was treating plants with phenylalanine acid at 200 ppm and culturing in solid substrate soilless culture (mixture of granulated sand and peat).

scholarly journals EFFECT OF GIBBERELLIC ACID PRE-TREATMENTS ON GROWTH PARAMETERS OF WALNUT (Juglans regia L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
Shivansh Pratap Rana ◽  
Suneeta Singh ◽  
Anil Kumar Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Leaf Width ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Vegetative Characters

Present investigation was carried out during the winter season at Horticulture Research block, Department of Horticulture, Shri Guru Ram Rai University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand. To investigate the effect of GA3 treatment on growth attributes and days taken for germination initiation of walnut. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications and twelve treatments. The treatments comprised following levels of GA3 concentrations viz. 500ppm, 1000ppm, 15000ppm and control in three different replications of Horticultural Research Block. Various observations regarding growth parameters such as leaf length, leaf width, shoot length, shoot width and numbers of days taken for germination initiation of walnut were recorded. The result revealed that treatment of GA3 1500ppm of nursery polybag application found to be beneficial for vegetative characters viz, found to be the most effective treatment for increasing leaf length, shoot length and shoot diameter. In another point of view, 1500ppm GA3 treatment in polyhouse was found to be profitable as compared to rest of treatments in terms of number of days taken for germination. Apart from this leaf width of 1000ppm in nursery polybag was found best.

scholarly journals Growth analysis and yield of tomato crop under different irrigation depths

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 926-931 ◽  
Author(s):  
José A. Monte ◽  
Daniel F. de Carvalho ◽  
Leonardo O. Medici ◽  
Leonardo D. B. da Silva ◽  
Carlos Pimentel
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Tomato Crop ◽  
Tomato Fruits ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Irrigation Depth ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Commercial Yield

The influence of irrigation depth was evaluated on tomato crop hybrid Debora plus for salad in a field experiment in split-block design with five treatments (irrigation depth of 40, 60, 80, 100 and 120% of crop evapotranspiration - ETc) and four replications. During the experiment, ten plant samples were collected to determine phytomass and leaf area to estimate plant growth parameters for different depths of irrigation. Results showed maximal growth between 70 and 80 days after transplanting in all treatments. Increase in irrigation depth above 80% of ETc increased crop growth rate (CGR), leaf area index (LAI) and total production of tomato fruits, although same commercial fruit yield was obtained with the lower depths. Therefore, an increase in depth of irrigation above 80% of ETc promotes higher water and energy consumption, without providing an increase in commercial yield of tomato fruits.

scholarly journals Effects of Nitrogen and NPS Fertilizer Rates on Fresh Yield of Garlic (Allium sativum L.) at Debre Berhan, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
pp. 113-118
Author(s):  
Getachew Amare ◽  
Temesgen Mamo
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Growth Physiology ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Debre Berhan ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fertilizer Rates

Keeping in view of lack of recommended rates of N and NPS fertilizers, a field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of the newly introduced NPS fertilizer and nitrogen on growth, physiology and above ground biomass of garlic. Four NPS (0-0-0, 78.75-69-12.75, 105-92-17 and 131.25-115-21.25 kg N-P-S ha-1) and three nitrogen fertilizer rates (114.13, 228.26 and 278.33 kg N ha-1) were laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Significantly highest plant height (28.02 cm), leaf diameter (1.27 cm), dry and fresh weight (4.71 g and 6.11 g) and leaf length were recorded on garlic plants supplied with 105-92-17 kg N-P-S ha-1 and also the highest plant height (27.75 cm), leaf length (24.02 cm), fresh and dry weight (6.23 g and 5.04 g) were recorded on garlic plants supplied with 278.33 kg N ha-1. The interaction effect also show a significant effect in almost all the growth parameters; the early day to 50% emergence was recorded from a plot which received 228.26 kg N ha-1 and 105-92-17 kg NPS ha-1 and the highest plant height, leaf length, fresh and dry above ground biomass and leaf diameter were 29.62 cm, 25.60 cm, 6.93 g, 5.59 g and 1.4 cm, respectively were observed by the interaction of 278.33 kg N ha-1 and 105-92-17 kg N-P-S ha-1 with no significant difference with 228.26 N and 78.75-69-12.75 kg N-P-S ha−1. From this one season experiment, fertilizer rates 307.01-69-12.75 kg N-P-S ha−1 could be recommended for garlic production.

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