scholarly journals Therapeutic benefit of aripiprazole-olanzapine combination in the treatment of senile Alzheimer’s disease complicated by mental disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 441-446
Author(s):  
Na Zheng ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
Ji-Min Jia
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Lower Incidence ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Therapeutic Benefit ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group

Purpose: To determine the clinical efficacy of aripiprazole-olanzapine combination treatment in elderly Alzheimer’s disease complicated with mental disorders. Methods: Ninety-two elderly patients with Alzheimer’s disease and mental disorders who were admitted to Binzhou People's Hospital, were enrolled in the study. They were randomized into control and study groups. Control group was treated with olanzapine, while the study group was treated with aripiprazole as an adjuvant therapy in addition to olanzapine. The clinical efficacy, scores on different scales (MMSE, ADAS-cog, CDR, ADL, NPI and CMAI), and incidence of adverse reactions were determined. Results: The overall degree of response was significantly higher in the study group than in the control group (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in MMSE, ADAS-cog, CDR, ADL, NPI and CMAI scores between the two groups before treatment (p > 0.05). The MMSE score of the study group was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the scores in the other scales in the study group were significantly lower after treatment (p < 0.05). The study group had significantly lower incidence of adverse reactions than control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Aripiprazole-olanzapine combination has significant therapeutic benefit in the treatment of elderly Alzheimer’s disease patients complicated with mental disorders. It promotes recovery of neurological function, as well as produces a lower incidence of adverse reactions. Keywords: Aripiprazole, Olanzapine, Alzheimer’s disease, Mental disorders

CT features of atrophy of the brain temporal lobes characteristic for Alzheimer’s disease with different stages of dementia

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 941-941
Author(s):  
I.V. Maksimovich
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
List Type ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Severe Dementia ◽  
Temporal Lobes ◽  
Clinical Stages ◽  
The Brain

BackgroundWhile diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease, there appear certain difficulties in the correlation of cerebral atrophy and the patient's clinical status.Methods93 patients were examined.Study group - 42 patients aged 34-79 with preclinical and clinical stages of Alzheimer’s disease:(1)- patients with high risk of acquiring the disease (those suffering from impaired memory, without any manifestations of dementia, whose 2 or more immediate relatives suffered from Alzheimer’s disease) 6 patients(2)- patients with mild dementia 14(3)- patients with moderate dementia 15(4)- patients with severe dementia 7Control group - 51 patients aged 28–78 with various kinds of brain lesions accompanied by dementia but not suffering from Alzheimer’s disease:-chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency 21 patients-severe vascular dementia 6-atherosclerotic parkinsonism 14-Binswanger’s disease 6-Parkinson’s disease 4ResultsIn Study group 1, 4 (66.6%) patients showed decrease of 4–8% in the size of the brain temporal lobes.In Study group 2, 14 (100%) patients showed decrease of 9–18%.In Study group 3, 15 (100%) patients showed decrease of 19–32%.In Study group 4, 7 (100%) patients showed decrease of 33–62%.Control group patients had no similar changes in the temporal lobes.ConclusionsStructural and morphological changes of the brain characteristic for Alzheimer’s disease are atrophy of the temporal lobes and hippocampus which makes 4–8% in pre-clinical stages of the disease, 9–18% in mild, 19–32% in moderate and 33–62% in severe dementia.

Alzheimer’s Disease: Erythrocyte 2,3-diphosphoglycerate Content and Circulating Erythropoietin

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 834-835
Author(s):  
Petter Järemo ◽  
Alenka Jejcic ◽  
Vesna Jelic ◽  
Tasmin Shahnaz ◽  
Homira Behbahani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Oxygen Release ◽  
Regulatory Pathways ◽  
Β Amyloid ◽  
2,3 Dpg

Background: Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) features the accumulation of β-amyloid in erythrocytes. The subsequent red cell damage may well affect their oxygen-carrying capabilities. 2,3- diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) binds to the hemoglobin thereby promoting oxygen release. It is theorized that 2,3-DPG is reduced in AD and that the resulting hypoxia triggers erythropoietin (EPO) release. Methods & Objective: To explore this theory, we analyzed red cell 2,3-DPG content and EPO in AD, mild cognitive impairment, and the control group, subjective cognitive impairment. Results: We studied (i) 2,3-DPG in red cells, and (ii) circulating EPO in AD, and both markers were unaffected by dementia. Disturbances of these oxygen-regulatory pathways do not appear to participate in brain hypoxia in AD.

scholarly journals Women have Farther to Fall: Gender Differences Between Normal Elderly and Alzheimer's Disease in Verbal Memory Engender Better Detection of Alzheimer's Disease in Women

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 654-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Chapman ◽  
Mark Mapstone ◽  
Margaret N. Gardner ◽  
Tiffany C. Sandoval ◽  
John W. McCrary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Large Drop ◽  
Delayed Recall ◽  
Logical Memory ◽  
Wechsler Memory Scale ◽  
Immediate Recall

AbstractWe analyzed verbal episodic memory learning and recall using the Logical Memory (LM) subtest of the Wechsler Memory Scale-III to determine how gender differences in AD compare to those seen in normal elderly and whether or not these differences impact assessment of AD. We administered the LM to both an AD and a Control group, each comprised of 21 men and 21 women, and found a large drop in performance from normal elders to AD. Of interest was a gender interaction whereby the women's scores dropped 1.6 times more than the men's did. Control women on average outperformed Control men on every aspect of the test, including immediate recall, delayed recall, and learning. Conversely, AD women tended to perform worse than AD men. Additionally, the LM achieved perfect diagnostic accuracy in discriminant analysis of AD versus Control women, a statistically significantly higher result than for men. The results indicate the LM is a more powerful and reliable tool in detecting AD in women than in men. (JINS, 2011, 17, 654–662)

P3-328: Alzheimer's disease psychosis: Potential therapeutic benefit of pimavanserin, a 5-HT2A inverse agonist

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. S548-S548
Author(s):  
Krista McFarland ◽  
Diana L. Price ◽  
Sean A. Gorman ◽  
Robert W. Johnson ◽  
Douglas W. Bonhaus
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Therapeutic Benefit ◽  
Inverse Agonist ◽  
Potential Therapeutic Benefit

Lay perceptions about mental health: where is age and where is Alzheimer's disease?

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Perla Werner
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Literacy ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Lay Perceptions ◽  
Geriatric Mental Health

Studies on laypersons' beliefs and knowledge about mental disorders have proliferated in recent years. However, attention has been focused mainly on depression and schizophrenia and on young adults. The aim of this paper is to summarize research in the area, and to discuss the need to expand research in the elderly population. The unique characteristics of older persons in terms of the prevalence and type of mental disorders, especially Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other dementias, as well as in terms of their being victims of “double jeopardy” require special attention and research. The present review has three main objectives. First, it summarizes the findings of studies examining different aspects of mental health literacy. Second, the importance of age in the study of mental health literacy is discussed. Third, findings of the few studies examining laypersons' beliefs in the area of AD are presented. Finally, research directions are suggested with special emphasis on the importance of geriatric mental health and mental health literacy.

Influence of Educational Attainment on Cognition-Based Intervention Programs for Persons with Mild Alzheimer’s Disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 577-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Israel Contador ◽  
Bernardino Fernández-Calvo ◽  
Francisco Ramos ◽  
Javier Olazarán
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cognitive Intervention ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Disease Assessment

AbstractObjectives: This research retrospectively analyzed the effect of education on cognitive interventions carried out in patients with mild Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods: The total sample consisted of 75 patients with mild AD receiving treatment with cholinesterase inhibitors. The participants were divided into two groups: cognitive intervention (IG; n=45) and waiting list (WLG; n=30). Patients in the IG received either the Big Brain Academy (n=15) or the Integrated Psychostimulation Program (n=30) during 12 weeks. The influence of education on intervention effect was analyzed comparing mean change scores of the two study groups in the cognitive subscale of the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale (ADAS-cog), stratified by educational level. The potential effect of age, sex, cognitive status, and type of intervention was examined using post hoc stratification analyses. Results: Higher education was associated with faster cognitive decline in the WLG (effect size=0.51; p<.01). However, cognitive evolution was not influenced by education in the IG (effect size=0.12; p=.42). Conclusions: Our results suggest that cognitive intervention might delay accelerated cognitive decline in higher educated individuals with mild AD. (JINS, 2016, 23, 1–6)

Neuroprotective Activity of the Methanolic Extract of Indigofera aspalathoides against Scopalamine induced Alzheimer's Disease in Experimental Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 5163-5168
Author(s):  
Rajaram C. ◽  
S. Nelson Kumar ◽  
S. S. Sheeba Tabassum ◽  
Manohar R. ◽  
Sumanjali C.
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Neuroprotective Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Anticancer Activities

The plant Indigofera aspalathoides is a traditional medicine with tremendous therapeutic potential which finds it use in treatment of various ailments such as antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and anticancer activities. There are no reports that related to the use of this plant in treating patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Hence present study was aimed to scientifically evaluate the neuroprotective effect of the methanolic extract of Indigofera aspalathoides against scopalamine induced Alzheimer’s disease in experimental rats using behavioral tests like elevated plus maze, Y-maze, and rota-rod tests. In addition to this, biochemical evaluation for acetylcholinesterase activity and histopathological evaluation of brain were done. The results suggests that methanolic extract Indigofera aspalathoides (200mg/kg B.wt and 400mg/kg B.wt) used in this study shows significant improvement of various behavioral parameters like locomotion, anxiety, memory, motor integrity and coordination etc when compared to control group. MEIA inhibited brain AChE enzyme, thereby elevating Ach concentration in brain homogenate and ultimately improved memory of rats. Further, more or less normal histological structure of the hippocampus and all amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles that are formed under the influence of scopolamine disappeared in the rats pretreated with MEIA (200mg/kg B.wt and 400mg/kg B.wt). It can be concluded that our results strongly support the anti-Alzheimer’s potential of the methanolic extract of the plant I.aspalathoides and its use in traditional medicine.

Effect of Aerosol Inhalation of Budesonide Suspension on Clinical Efficacy, Remission Time of Asthma and Disappearance Time of Rales in Children with Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Pneumonia

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 3057-3062
Author(s):  
TingTing Zheng ◽  
XiNi Liu ◽  
Xuechun Chen
Keyword(s):  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Oral Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Aerosol Inhalation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Disappearance Time ◽  
And Control ◽  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Pneumonia

To investigate the effect of aerosol inhalation of budesonide suspension on clinical efficacy, remission time of asthma and disappearance time of rales in children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. Methods: 100 cases of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in our hospital from February 2019 to February 2021 were randomly divided into study group (n = 50) and control group (n = 50). The control group was given azithromycin intravenous drip followed by oral treatment, and the study group was given aerosol inhalation of budesonide suspension on the basis of the control group. Results: Compared with the control group, disappearance time of rales in the study group, remission time of cough, remission time of asthma and time of hospitalization in the study group were relatively short (P<0.05), and the efficacy in the study group was relatively high (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea and hoarseness between the two groups (P>0.05). The improvement of FVCS FEV1 and PEF and other indexes was relatively high in the study group by comparing with the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Aerosol inhalation of budesonide suspension in children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia can effectively enhance the therapeutic effect, promote the improvement of lung function, and reduce the disappearance time of rales and remission time of asthma, so it can be popularized.

scholarly journals Gestational Stress Augments Postpartum β-Amyloid Pathology and Cognitive Decline in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 3712-3724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Jafari ◽  
Jogender Mehla ◽  
Bryan E Kolb ◽  
Majid H Mohajerani
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Plaque Size ◽  
Model Of Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Gestational Stress

Abstract Besides well-known risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), stress, and in particular noise stress (NS), is a lifestyle risk factor common today. It is known that females are at a significantly greater risk of developing AD than males, and given that stress is a common adversity in females during pregnancy, we hypothesized that gestational noise exposure could exacerbate the postpartum development of the AD-like neuropathological changes during the life span. Pregnant APPNL-G-F/NL-G-F mice were randomly assigned to either the stress condition or control group. The stress group was exposed to the NS on gestational days 12–16, which resulted in a markedly higher hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis responsivity during the postpartum stage. Higher amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition and larger Aβ plaque size in the olfactory area were the early onset impacts of the gestational stress (GS) seen at the age of 4 months. This pattern of increased Aβ aggregation and larger plaque size were observed in various brain areas involved in both AD and stress regulation, especially in limbic structures, at the age of 6 months. The GS also produced anxiety-like behavior, deficits in learning and memory, and impaired motor coordination. The findings suggest that environmental stresses during pregnancy pose a potential risk factor in accelerating postpartum cognitive decline and AD-like neuropathological changes in the dams (mothers) later in life.

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