The Conflict Tactics Scales and Its Critics: An Evaluation and New Data on Validity and Reliability

2017 ◽  
pp. 49-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murray A. Straus
Keyword(s):  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Conflict Tactics Scales ◽  
Conflict Tactics

The Revised Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS2)

1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
MURRAY A. STRAUS ◽  
SHERRY L. HAMBY ◽  
SUE BONEY-McCOY ◽  
DAVID B. SUGARMAN
Keyword(s):  
Content Validity ◽  
Sexual Coercion ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Physical Injury ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Response Sets ◽  
Conflict Tactics Scales ◽  
Conflict Tactics ◽  
Revised Conflict Tactics Scales ◽  
Dating Relationship

This article describes a revised Conflict Tactics Scales (the CTS2) to measure psychological and physical attacks on a partner in a marital, cohabiting, or dating relationship; and also use of negotiation. The CTS2 has (a) additional items to enhance content validity and reliability; (b) revised wording to increase clarity and specificity; (c) better differentiation between minor and severe levels of each scale; (d) new scales to measure sexual coercion and physical injury; and (e) a new format to simplify administration and reduce response sets. Reliability ranges from .79 to .95. There is preliminary evidence of construct validity.

Abstract MP048: Partner Violence is Associated with Higher Blood Pressure in Men and Women

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cari J Clark ◽  
Susan A Everson-Rose ◽  
Resnick Michael ◽  
Iris Borowsky ◽  
Sonya S Brady ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Male Victims ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Conflict Tactics Scales ◽  
History Of ◽  
Conflict Tactics ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Revised Conflict Tactics Scales

Introduction: Women are more likely to experience distress and injury from intimate partner violence (IPV), and may also be at greater risk of higher blood pressure than male victims. However, most prior epidemiologic research has not included men and has not examined perpetation, despite the predominance of mutually violent relationships. Therefore, this study investigates sex differences in the relationship between exposure to IPV victimization and perpetration and systolic blood pressure (SB). Methods: The study included 3447 (52% female; mean(sd) age=22(3)) participants of Waves 3 (2001–2002) and 4 (2007) of the publically-available subset of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. Frequency of psychological, physical, sexual IPV and IPV-related injury were ascertained with the Revised Conflict Tactics Scales at Wave 3. Exposure to IPV was categorized as no IPV victimization or perpetration (ref), only low victimization and / or perpetration, high victimization and low/no perpetration, high perpetration and low/no victimization, and both high victimization and perpetration. SBP was measured at Wave 4 using standard procedures. Potential confounders (age, educational attainment, race, history of child abuse) and mediators (depressive symptoms, breakfast consumption, moderate physical exercise, BMI, smoking, alcohol consumption) were recorded at Wave 3. Multivariable weighted linear regression was used to test the relationship between SBP and IPV by adjusting for confounders then by adjusting for the proposed mediators. Analyses were stratified by sex and a multiplicative term was tested. Results: Approximately 30% of the sample reported IPV exposure (n=2050), of which 23% (n=831) experienced low victimization and or perpetration, 5% (n=157) high victimization, 6% (N=203) high perpetration, 6% (n=206) both high victimization and perpetration. Women were slightly more likely to report high perpetration and both high victimization and high perpetration (p<0.01). In separate models controlling for confounders, experiencing both high victimization and perpetration was associated with 4.02 mmHg SBP higher in men (95% CI: 0.32, 7.72) and 2.51 mmHg SBP higher in women (95% CI: 0.18, 4.84) compared to those with no IPV. In addition, reporting high perpetration was associated with 3.83 mmHg higher SBP in men (95% CI: –0.72, 8.38), while high victimization was associated with 2.94 mmHg higher SBP for women (95% CI: –0.61, 6.49). Further adjustment for the hypothesized mediators slightly attenuated the findings. The multiplicative term (IPV X sex) was marginally significant (p=0.09). Conclusions: Exposure to high levels of victimization and perpetration is associated with higher levels of SBP for men and women. High victimization alone is related to higher SBP for women while high perpetration is related to higher SBP for men.

scholarly journals Rompendo o silêncio e suas barreiras: um inquérito domiciliar sobre a violência doméstica contra idosos em área de abrangência do Programa Médico de Família de Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 2289-2300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Leite de Moraes ◽  
Paulo Cavalcante Apratto Júnior ◽  
Michael Eduardo Reichenheim
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Conflict Tactics Scales ◽  
Violencia Domestica ◽  
Conflict Tactics

O objetivo do estudo é estimar a prevalência da violência física contra idosos no ambiente doméstico em população adstrita ao Programa Médico de Família de Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Por meio de um inquérito de base populacional, foram entrevistados 322 indivíduos com 60 anos ou mais, selecionados através de amostragem aleatória simples a partir do censo de idosos adstritos a seis equipes de saúde da família. Para detecção de violência física contra idosos, utilizou-se a versão em português da Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS1). A violência física de qualquer gravidade foi relatada por 10,1% (IC95%: 6,7; 13,4) dos entrevistados, enquanto que 7,9% (IC95%: 4,9; 10,8) referiram ter sido vítimas de violência física grave no ano anterior à entrevista. A violência esteve mais presente entre os mais novos, os que moram com maior número de indivíduos, os com história de diabetes e/ou doença articular. A grande magnitude do evento, sua maior prevalência entre indivíduos que apresentam outras vulnerabilidades e suas conseqüências negativas à saúde impõem que a Estratégia Saúde da Família incorpore ações para o enfrentamento da violência física contra idosos às suas atividades de rotina.

scholarly journals Assessing the physical violence component of the Revised Conflict Tactics Scales when used in heterosexual couples: an item response theory analysis

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E. Reichenheim ◽  
Ruben Klein ◽  
Claudia Leite Moraes
Keyword(s):  
Item Response Theory ◽  
Item Response ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Latent Trait ◽  
Heterosexual Couples ◽  
Heterosexual Relationships ◽  
Response Theory ◽  
Conflict Tactics Scales ◽  
Conflict Tactics ◽  
Revised Conflict Tactics Scales

Although there are psychometric evaluations of the Revised Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS2) when applied to heterosexual relationships, none has used item response theory (IRT). To address this gap, the present paper assesses the instrument's physical violence subscale. The CTS2 was applied to 764 women who also responded for their partners. Single dimensionality assumption was corroborated. A 2-parameter logistic IRT model was used for estimating location and discriminating power of each item. Differential item functioning and item information pattern along the violence continuum were assessed. Gender differences were detected in 3 out of 12 items. Item coverage of the latent trait spectrum indicated little information at the lower ends, while plenty in the middle and upper ranges. Still, depending on gender, some item overlaps and regions with gaps could be detected. Despite some unresolved problems, the analysis shows that the items form a theoretically coherent information set across the continuum. Provided the user is aware of possible drawbacks, using the physical violence subscale of the CTS2 in heterosexual couples is still a sensible option.

scholarly journals Estamos realmente detectando violência familiar contra a criança em serviços de saúde? A experiência de um serviço público do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1124-1133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Tereza M. Soares de Moura ◽  
Michael E. Reichenheim
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Conflict Tactics Scales ◽  
Conflict Tactics ◽  
Revised Conflict Tactics Scales ◽  
Parent Child

A violência familiar é considerada uma questão prioritária em saúde pública, sendo o problema ainda mais marcante na infância. Informações referentes à morbidade deste agravo podem estar subdimensionadas devido a entraves na detecção de casos. O objetivo deste estudo é contrastar a magnitude da violência contra a criança, aferida ativamente em um ambulatório, com a casuística espontânea do serviço. Foram realizadas 245 entrevistas entre abril e junho de 2001, utilizando-se as Conflict Tactics Scales: Parent-Child Version (CTSPC) e a Revised Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS2) para aferir os eventos violentos. Os casos encaminhados ao Serviço Social representaram a casuística do serviço no período da busca ativa (12 meses). Encontrou-se uma elevada prevalência de violência física entre o casal, com eventos graves ocorrendo em 17,0% das famílias. Em relação à criança, agressões físicas "menores" foram referidas em 46,0% de famílias, porquanto a forma grave, em 9,9%. A prevalência identificada espontaneamente foi de 3,3%. Este estudo de caso mostra as oportunidades perdidas de detecção e chama-se a atenção para a necessidade de rever a abordagem da violência familiar em serviços de saúde.

scholarly journals A critique of the revised Conflict Tactics Scales-2 (CTS-2)

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 83-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard T. Jones ◽  
Kevin Browne ◽  
Shihning Chou
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Tactics Scales ◽  
Conflict Tactics ◽  
Revised Conflict Tactics Scales

Family measurement techniques: The conflict tactics scales

1989 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis A. Bagarozzi ◽  
Walter R. Schumm ◽  
Dennis A. Bagarozzi
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Conflict Tactics Scales ◽  
Conflict Tactics
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