Evidence-Based Policy

2021 ◽  
pp. 370-384
Author(s):  
Donal Khosrowi
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Based ◽  
Evidence Based Policy

Crisis knowledge management: Reconfiguring the behavioural science community for rapid responding in the Covid-19 crisis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrike Hahn ◽  
David Lagnado ◽  
Stephan Lewandowsky ◽  
Nick Chater
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Behavioural Science ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
Evidence Based Policy ◽  
Science Community ◽  
Minimal Damage ◽  
Support Evidence

The present crisis demands an all-out response if it is to be mastered with minimal damage. This means we, as the behavioural science community, need to think about how we can adapt to best support evidence-based policy in a rapidly changing, high-stakes environment. This piece is an attempt to initiate this process. The ‘recommendations’ made are first stabs that will hopefully be critiqued, debated and improved.

Evidence Based Policy

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F. Pfaff ◽  
Christopher P. Guzelian
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Based ◽  
Evidence Based Policy

Moving an Evidence-Based Policy Agenda Forward: Leadership Tips From the Field

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 158-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Garrett
Keyword(s):  
Change Process ◽  
Nursing Profession ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Policy Agenda ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
The Public ◽  
Leverage Point ◽  
Evidence Based Policy ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Improve Health

Advancing evidence-based policy change is a leadership challenge that nurses should embrace. Key tips to ensure that evidence-based policy changes are successful at the individual, community, and population levels are offered to help nurses through the change process. The public trust in the nursing profession is a leverage point that should be used to advance the use of evidence, expedite change, and improve health for students and across communities.

scholarly journals Evidence-Based Policy Making for Public Health Interventions in Cardiovascular Diseases: Formally Assessing the Feasibility of Clinical Trials

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Foti ◽  
Randi E. Foraker ◽  
Pamela Martyn-Nemeth ◽  
Cheryl A.M. Anderson ◽  
Nancy R. Cook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Cardiovascular Outcomes ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Sodium Reduction ◽  
Public Health Interventions ◽  
Antihypertensive Medications ◽  
Evidence Based Policy

Implementation of prevention policies has often been impeded or delayed due to the lack of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with hard clinical outcomes (eg, incident disease, mortality). Despite the prominent role of RCTs in health care, it may not always be feasible to conduct RCTs of public health interventions with hard outcomes due to logistical and ethical considerations. RCTs may also lack external validity and have limited generalizability. Currently, there is insufficient guidance for policymakers charged with establishing evidence-based policy to determine whether an RCT with hard outcomes is needed before policy recommendations. In this context, the purpose of this article is to assess, in a case study, the feasibility of conducting an RCT of the oft-cited issue of sodium reduction on cardiovascular outcomes and then propose a framework for decision-making, which includes an assessment of the feasibility of conducting an RCT with hard clinical outcomes when such trials are unavailable. We designed and assessed the feasibility of potential individual- and cluster-randomized trials of sodium reduction on cardiovascular outcomes. Based on our assumptions, a trial using any of the designs considered would require tens of thousands of participants and cost hundreds of millions of dollars, which is prohibitively expensive. Our estimates may be conservative given several key challenges, such as the unknown costs of sustaining a long-term difference in sodium intake, the effect of differential cotreatment with antihypertensive medications, and long lag time to clinical outcomes. Thus, it would be extraordinarily difficult to conduct such a trial, and despite the high costs, would still be at substantial risk for a spuriously null result. A robust framework, such as the one we developed, should be used to guide policymakers when establishing evidence-based public health interventions in the absence of trials with hard clinical outcomes.

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