scholarly journals Sugarcane Variety Trials in Puerto Rico, 1951-55

1969 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-160
Author(s):  
Ferdinand Méndez-Roig ◽  
George Samuels
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Puerto Rican ◽  
Sugarcane Variety ◽  
Commercial Variety ◽  
University Of Puerto Rico ◽  
Agricultural Experiment Station ◽  
North Central ◽  
Variety Trials ◽  
Agricultural Experiment ◽  
Entire Island

Sugarcane variety trials performed by the Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras, P. R., During the period 1951-55, involved 19 separate experiments and 33 crops. The following results are significant: 1. In the production of available 96° sugar per acre B. 37161 was the outstanding variety of East and North Central cane areas of the Island. P.R. 980 was the leading variety in the Northwest, West, South, and Interior of Puerto Rico. 2. B. 40105, B. 37172, B. 41227, H. 328560, and P.R. 975 all were among the leading producers in tons of sugar per acre. 3. The check varieties M. 336, P.O.J. 2878, and P.R. 902, ranked poorly in the trials as compared with the leading varieties in tons of sugar produced per acre. 4. In terms of tons of cane per acre B. 37161 and P.R. 980 were the two leading varieties for the entire Island, with H. 328560, B. 41227, and B. 37172 also showing favorable cane-tonnage figures. All check varieties did poorly in tons of cane per acre as compared to the leading variety. 5. The varieties were also ranked according to their production of sucrose-percent- cane. P.R. 975 and B. 4362 were first and second, respectively. These two varieties also produced higher cane tonnage than the favored commercial variety M. 336, which ranked third. 6. Finally, the varieties were ranked according to the tons of sugar per acre produced per month, and P.R. 980 ranked first. The first eight experimental varieties produced over 0.60 ton of sugar per acre per month as compared with all commercial varieties, except B. 37161, which produced below 0.50 ton of sugar per acre per month. 7. The reluctance of Puerto Rican farmers to adopt the new cane varieties tested and proven superior to the old commercial varieties is very unprofitable to them. Yields are cited which show that if the land now used to grow the older cane varieties were planted to the new leading experimentally tested varieties discussed in this article, the present sugar crop in Puerto Rico could be produced on about two-thirds of the present acreage. This would release over 100,000 acres for other agricultural uses.

scholarly journals Sugarcane Variety Trials in Puerto Rico, 1952-57

1969 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
F. Méndez-Roig ◽  
G. Samuels ◽  
A. Colón
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Sugarcane Variety ◽  
University Of Puerto Rico ◽  
Agricultural Experiment Station ◽  
North Central ◽  
Eastern Area ◽  
Variety Trials ◽  
The North ◽  
Agricultural Experiment ◽  
The University

The sugarcane variety trials performed by the Agricultural Experiment Station of the University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras, P.R., during the period 1952-57, involved 24 separate experiments and 51 crops. The following results are significant: 1. In the production of available 96° sugar per acre P.R. 980 was the outstanding variety of the Southern, Western, Northwestern, and Interior Areas of the Island. B. 37161 was first in the Eastern Area and in Caguas Valley, and it tied P.R. 980 in the North Central and B. 41227 in the Northeastern Areas of Puerto Rico. 2. P.R. 980 was first in 10 and B. 37161 in 6 of the 24 experimental sites in terms of tons of cane produced per acre. 3. The check varieties, M. 336, P.O.J. 2878, and P.R. 902 and 905, produced low yields in both tons of cane and of sugar per acre as compared with the leading varieties. 4. M. 336, P.R. 1016, M. 975, and P.P.Q.K. were the leading varieties in sucrose-percent-cane. 5. P.R. 980 and P.R. 1013 ranked first in tons of sugar produced per acre per month. 6. For agronomic evaluation, the leading varieties were ranked in a table in which consideration was given to such factors as germination, stooling, ratooning habit, girth, erectness, flowering, trashiness, and disease resistance.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a Swine Line Developed at the Agricultural Experiment Station of the University of Puerto Rico

1969 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-21
Author(s):  
Ismael Carlo ◽  
C. L. Arcelay
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
University Of Puerto Rico ◽  
Agricultural Experiment Station ◽  
Multiple Test ◽  
Weaning Age ◽  
Overall Evaluation ◽  
Agricultural Experiment ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
The University

The performance of the pigs of the 3/4 Duroc X 1/4 English Large Black Landrace line developed by the Station was compared with the performance of some imported animals. These imported pigs were from the Duroc, the Yorkshire, and the Hampshire breeds. The comparison and the evaluation of the animals was based on preweaning and postweaning characters. The preweaning characters considered were the number of pigs at farrowing, the number at 21 days, and at weaning age. The rate of gain, the feed efficiency, the back-fat thickness corrected to 200 pounds, and carcass evaluation were considered as postweaning characters. All the data obtained were submitted to analysis of variance and where the F values were significant, they were subjected to a Duncan Multiple Test to determine significance among the means. The overall evaluation of both preweaning and postweaning characters showed that the animals of the 3/4 Duroc X 1/4 English Large Black Landrace line of pigs were as good as any of the animals of the imported breeds with which they were compared, with the possible exception of the carcass evaluation, where the imported breeds gave somewhat better results. They were especially good in the number of pigs weaned, as well as in the weight at weaning time and in rate of gain.

scholarly journals Breeding an Egg-Laying Poultry Strain Adapted to Puerto Rican Conditions

1969 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 462-476
Author(s):  
M. Rojas Daporta ◽  
A. González Chapel
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Puerto Rican ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
New Hampshire ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Environmental Stresses ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Agricultural Experiment Station ◽  
Agricultural Experiment

In 1941 the Puerto Rico Agricultural Experiment Station initiated a project for the development by breeding of an adapted egg-producing poultry strain for Puerto Rico. It was assumed that the Native stock was well adapted to the detrimental environmental stresses present under tropical and subtropical conditions. This Native stock was used, together with birds of the New Hampshire, White Leghorn, and later, Rhode Island breeds as foundation material for crosses. The purebreed Native and White Leghorn stocks were later on culled from the flock and, by 1955, the surviving lines were: 1, The New Hampshire; 2, a cross of the New Hampshire with the White Leghorn backcrossed to the New Hampshire; 3, a 60-percent White Leghorn-40-percent Native cross; 4, the Rhode Island; and 5, a cross between the Rhode Island and the New Hampshire. A comparative evaluation of the existing lines showed the Rhode Island- New Hampshire cross to be superior to the others in most of the productive characters. However, a comparison of the project lines with imported commercial hybrids failed to show significant differences in their performance. It was found during this work that the contribution of the Native stock towards the project's objective would be negligible, and that economically feasible improvement in management conditions could offset most of the detrimental environmental stresses, so that high-producing imported hybrids could be used commercially in the Island. It was concluded that, whenever the man-made conditions can be economically improved, this offers a better possibility than breeding for adaptability for increasing livestock production in tropical and subtropical areas.

scholarly journals Sugarbeet Production in Puerto Rico

1969 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-129
Author(s):  
Peter C. Sweere
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
South Coast ◽  
Sugar Production ◽  
University Of Puerto Rico ◽  
Agricultural Experiment Station ◽  
The South ◽  
Experiment Station ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Agricultural Experiment

Observational and replicated tests with a number of U.S. and European sugarbeet varieties were conducted from 1963 through 1967 at four substations of the Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Puerto Rico. The purpose of the tests was to determine the adaptability of this crop to Puerto Rico as a possible alternative or supplement to sugarcane for sugar production. Best results were obtained with irrigation on the south coast where yields of 3 to 3.5 tons of sugar per acre were recorded. Such yields were considered insufficiently attractive to offset the disadvantages of sugarbeet cultivation with the advantages of sugarcane cultivation. Beets require intensive care, need close daily attention, and are highly sensitive to correct management.

scholarly journals STUDIES ON THE MOSAIC OF PEPPERS (CAPSICUM FRUTESCENS) IN PUERTO RICO

1969 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 40-50
Author(s):  
Arturo Roque ◽  
José Adsuar
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Capsicum Frutescens ◽  
Commercial Variety ◽  
Agricultural Experiment Station ◽  
Crop Losses ◽  
First Report ◽  
Varietal Susceptibility ◽  
Agricultural Experiment

A mosaic disease of peppers causing stuntiness of the plant and severe malformation of the fruit appeared in epidemic form about three years ago in the Agricultural Experiment Sub-station at Isabela. Since then it has spread with great rapidity and intensify throughout that region and has also been found causing serious damage in other important vegetable sections of the island. Serrano and Riollano (6) estimated the crop losses due to mosaic for Isabela from 50 to 60 percent in the season of 1938 and stated that further plantings were, in their opinion, a risky proposition. The first report of pepper mosaic in Puerto Rico known to the writers is that made by Cook (2) in 1927-28. Since then, no effort has been made to study the disease and to determine the virus or viruses involved. In connection with a breeding program to develop a commercial variety of peppers resistant to mosaic, studies to determine the prevalence, distribution, properties of the virus and varietal susceptibility were undertaken. The experiments were conducted in the Agricultural Experiment Station at Rio Piedras during the years 1939-41.

scholarly journals Growth comparison between wild type and slick-haired Puerto Rican Holstein heifers

2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-58
Author(s):  
Héctor L. Sánchez-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Puerto Rican ◽  
Quadratic Regression ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Agricultural Experiment Station ◽  
Hair Coat ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Agricultural Experiment ◽  
Efficiency And Productivity

The present study compared the monthly body weight (BW) of 14 wild type (WT) and 11 slick-haired (SLICK) Puerto Rican Holstein heifers from four to 34 months of age at the Agricultural Experiment Station in Lajas, Puerto Rico. Data were analyzed by the GLIMMIX, GLM and REG Procedures in SAS. Hair coat type and age interacted to affect BW (P=0.0005). However, no differences in BW were observed between WT and SLICK heifers (overall mean BW of 279.33±5.78 and 275.06±6.91 kg, respectively; P=0.3182). From four to 34 months, BW increased in both the WT (93.52±11.42 to 446.35±28.27 kg; P<0.0001) and the SLICK heifers (85.69±9.97 to 381.37±35.81 kg; P<0.0001). The interaction observed between hair coat type and age could be the result of different growth trends, as WT heifers presented a linear curve (BW = 12.28 age + 54.41; R2=0.88; P<0.0001); while their SLICK counterparts showed a quadratic regression (BW = −0.32 age2 + 22.75 age + 6.24; R2=0.74; P<0.0001) between BW and age. These results suggest that SLICK heifers may reach maturity at an earlier age and with less BW. Future studies should evaluate if such differences affect the efficiency and productivity of these animals at maturity.

scholarly journals Effect of mosaic on the yield of sugarcane variety b. 34-104.

1969 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
P. González ◽  
J. Adsuar
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Controlled Experiment ◽  
Sugarcane Variety ◽  
Agricultural Experiment Station ◽  
Ratoon Crop ◽  
Infected Seed ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Experiment Station ◽  
Agricultural Experiment ◽  
The Common

Many farmers in Puerto Rico believe that the sugarcane variety B. 34104, although susceptible to mosaic, can produce more sugar than the current known commercial varieties, and that this variety recovers from the disease. Preliminary investigations by technical staff members of the Agricultural Experiment Station did not confirm this. A controlled experiment was carried out and the following conclusions were drawn: 1. Once the canes of variety B. 34-104 are infected with the common sugarcane mosaic prevailing in the Island they do not recover from the disease, and infected seed produces diseased plants. 2. There was a reduction of 29 percent in tonnage production in the plant cane crop and of 32 percent in the first ratoon crop attributable to the disease. 3. There was a difference of 26.7 percent in the production of 96° sugar per acre in the plant cane crop and of 41.7 percent in the first ratoon crop between the healthy and infected canes. 4. If B. 34-104 could be maintained free from mosaic it would produce about the same quantity of sugar as P.O.J. 2878, but a greater tonnage would have to be handled and processed, and profits would be lower.

scholarly journals The Application of Fertilizers in Relation to the Handling of Sugarcane Trash

1969 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
G. Samuels ◽  
S. Alers-Alers ◽  
P. Landrau, Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Sugarcane Variety ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Agricultural Experiment Station ◽  
Experiment Station ◽  
Agricultural Experiment

Sugarcane variety H. 328560 was grown for four crops on a Vega Alta clay at the Soils Farm of the Agricultural Experiment Station at Río Piedras to test four methods of handling the sugarcane trash. The methods of trash manipulation employed were as follows: 1, Trash aligned in alternate banks with a shallow furrow opened in the center of each clean bank; 2, trash aligned in alternate banks with no furrows opened in the centers of the clean banks; 3, untouched trash plus fertilizer applied at the base of each stool; 4, untouched trash plus fertilizer applied broadcast on top of the trash. The results with the three ratoons harvested revealed no significant differences in yields of sugarcane tonnage or sucrose per acre among the four treatments used. This indicates that, for cane growing in areas of sufficient rainfall in Puerto Rico, savings in labor costs can be obtained by not aligning the trash. Further savings in costs can be made by applying the fertilizer broadcast by machine over the cane trash. Leaving the trash untouched in the field is not recommended for cane varieties which are poor germinators or for irrigated cane.

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