scholarly journals Results of 40Ar/39Ar dating of subvolcanic body in the vent tunnelKukurtly volcano

Author(s):  
А.Г. Гурбанов ◽  
В.М. Газеев ◽  
А.Б. Лексин ◽  
О.А. Гурбанова

Эльбрус изучается с 1852 г., однако вопросы о времени его образования и временных этапах эволюции до сих пор остаются дискуссионными. По мере развития новых методов датирования геологических событий исследователями Эльбру- са применялись все более современные методы и методики. Так, на самых ранних этапах исследований время образования вулкана приблизительно оценивалось только по геологическим данным, затем стал очень широко применяться геолого-гео- морфологический метод относительной геохронологии, а с конца прошлого столетия – калий-аргоновый (K-Ar), аргон-арго- новый (40Ar/39Ar), иониевый (Io/234U) и радиоуглеродный (14C) методы датирования. В полученных вышеуказанными методами датировках (цифрах возрастов) по одному и тому же объекту часто имелись существенные различия. При 40Ar/39Ar датировании биотита из туфов риолитового состава раннего этапа кальдерной стадии было доказано, что при эксплозивных извержениях, приведших к формированию этих туфов и ассоциирующих с ними игнимбритов, был захвачен дезинтегрированный материал древнего гранитно-метаморфического основания Эльбруса, который после аэрального пере- носа стал составной частью туфов и игнимбритов. Следовательно, все изотопные датировки этого пирокластического материала (по биотиту, пироксену, плагиоклазу) не отражают время образования рассматриваемых пород, так как они со- держат мельчайшие обломки древнего гранитно-метаморфического фундамента и слагающего их породообразующего био- тита, что, естественно, искажает изотопный возраст пирокластики в неизвестном масштабе. Устойчивое плато при ступенчатом нагревании пробы № 542 мегакристалла санидина однозначно свидетельствует об от- сутствии избыточного аргона, а полученный аргон-аргоновый возраст (620.3±3.3 тыс. лет) отражает время остывания кри- сталла санидина при температуре закрытия системы ~ 300о С и свидетельствует об отсутствии значительного перерыва во времени между формированием пород раннего и позднего этапов кальдерной стадии. Ключевые слова: вулкан Эльбрус, 40Ar/39Ar датирования, субвулканическое тело дацитового состава, жерло вулкана Кюкюрт- ли, удревнение или омоложение изотопного возраста. Elbrus is under study since 1852 year, however the questions about time of it origin and temporal stage of evolution, up to now are remains as a discussional.So far as development of a new method for dating of geological events, investigators of Elbrus using all more current status of methods and procedures.So, on the very early stages of investigation, time of volcano origin approximately assessed by geological data only, then -geologo-geomorphological method of relative geochronology became in very regular use and from last century - potassium-argon (K-Ar), argon-argonian(40Ar/39Ar), ionic (Io/234U) and radio-carbon(14C) methods of dating. Inobtainedbytheabovementionedmethodsofdating (fi gureofage) oncommon poles object very often there was an fundamental dissimilarities. As a result of 40Ar/39Ar dating of biotite from tuff of the rhyolite composition of early period of calderian stage, it was proved, that during explosive eruption, lead to forming of these tuff and associated ignimbrites, the old disintegrated material of granite-metamorphic basement of Elbrus was encroach and which after aeral transportation became as a constituent part of tuff and ignimbrites. Consequently, all isotope age determination of this pyroclastic material (on biotite, pyroxene, plagioclase) do not take account of time origin of covered rocks, as they contain a very small debris of old granite-metamorphic basement and rock-building biotite, that natural, to distort of isotope age of pyroclastics in unknown scale. The tolerant plateau at scalariform heating sample № 542 - megacrystal of sanidine is uniquely testifi es about absence of excess argon and argon-argon age (620.3±3.3Ka) obtained is accounts time of cooling down ofsanidinemegacrystal at the temperature of clousing of the system - 3000 C and testifi es about absence of signifi cant interruption in time between rock forming of early and late periods of calderian stage

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nita Novita ◽  
Hasrayati Agustina ◽  
Bethy S. Hernowo ◽  
Abdul H. Hassan

Wound examination is indispensable in forensic practice. The scientific field of wound age determination has advanced progressively during recent years.The purpose of this study was to determine the differences of fibronectin and TGF-β1 expression in both antemortem and postmortem wounds. This study was an experimental with completely randomized design.  The skin wounds (vital and postmortem) were taken from fourty Wistar rats and divided into 10 groups of rats. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to determine the differences between antemortem and postmortem wounds. The result showed that in 30 minutes after antemortem wound infliction, all of samples showed weak reactivity for fibronectin and TGF-β1 (100%).  In first hour after wound infliction, 3 samples (75%) showed weakly positive and 1 sample (25%) strongly positive for fibronectin and TGF-β1.  In 2 hour after wound infliction, 1 sample (25%) showed weakly positive and 3 sample (75%) strongly positive for fibronectin and TGF-β1.  In 3 and 4 hour after wound infliction, all of samples strongly positive for fibronectin and TGF-β1.  In postmortem wound, all of samples showed negativity for fibronectin and TGF-β1. In conclusion, fibronectin and TGF-β1 may be useful in the determination of wound vitality. Keywords: wound, fibronectin, TGF-β1, vitality


2018 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 442-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaya Gnanalingam ◽  
Mark J Butler ◽  
Thomas R Matthews ◽  
Emily Hutchinson ◽  
Raouf Kilada

Abstract In crustaceans, ecdysis was long believed to result in the loss and replacement of all calcified structures, precluding the use of conventional ageing methods. However, the discovery of bands in the gastric ossicles of several crustaceans with some correlation with age suggests that direct age estimation may be possible. We applied this method to a tropical spiny lobster, Panulirus argus, one of the most iconic and economically valuable species in the Caribbean. The presence of growth bands was investigated using wild lobsters of unknown age and was validated with captive reared lobsters of known age (1.5–10 years) from the Florida Keys, Florida (USA). Bands were consistently identified in ptero- and zygo-cardiac ossicles of the gastric mill and did not appear to be associated with moulting. Validation with known age animals confirms that bands form annually. Counts between independent readers were reproducible with coefficients of variation ranging from 11% to 26% depending on reader experience and the structure used. This study demonstrates, for the first time, that direct age determination of P. argus is possible.


2013 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 1340-1351 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.P. Gladkochub ◽  
T.V. Donskaya ◽  
M.T.D. Wingate ◽  
A.M. Mazukabzov ◽  
S.A. Pisarevsky ◽  
...  

2009 ◽  
Vol 185 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Smuts ◽  
J. L. Anderson ◽  
J. C. Austin

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 686-702
Author(s):  
Ana Serralheiro ◽  
Gilberto Alves ◽  
Amílcar Falcão

AbstractOver the last years, interest in intranasal administration as an alternative and promising route for the delivery of drugs withlocal, systemic, and even central nervous system action has tremendously increased. Accordingly, understanding of the propertiesand characteristics of the nasal cavity as well as the biodisposition processes of drugs into the nasal compartments is acquiringa significant prominence in the field of pharmacology. In this context, the development and validation of bioanalytical methodologies for the quantitative measurement of drugs and their metabolites in nasal and paranasal tissues and/or secretions is of the utmostimportance. However, currently, information concerning bioanalysis of drugs in nasal and paranasal tissues and/or secretionsis scattered. This review aims to provide a valuable overview of the methodologies that have been used for the collectionand preparation of nasal and paranasal samples with special emphasis placed on the review of liquid chromatographic methodsemployed for the quantitative determination of small-molecule drugs and their metabolites in such specimens.


2017 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 758-763
Author(s):  
YURIKO KANETO ◽  
SATOSHI KATAYAMA ◽  
MASAYA IIDA

1979 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth M. Giesen ◽  
Clait E. Braun
Keyword(s):  

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