Risk and Protective Factors Associated with Ovarian Cancer among Two Egyptian Cohorts

Context: Ovarian cancer is a global health crisis, as it is one of the devastating diagnoses for the patient and family. Nurse is a key person in the effort of health promotion, screening, and early detection. As well as care through the illness continuum. Aims: This study aims to determine the risk factors of ovarian cancer among two Egyptian cohorts, and to determine the possible protective factors of ovarian cancer among two Egyptian cohorts. Methods: A descriptive exploratory (Case/control) prospective research design used to achieve the study aim. The study conducted in two clinical settings those are National Cancer Institute (for cases), and El-Minia General Hospital (for controls). The study recruited 80 cases with a confirmed diagnosis of ovarian cancer, and 456 healthy controls without ovarian cancer. A structured interview questionnaire used to collect data regarding the presence of possible risk and protective factors. Results: The results of the present study revealed a highly statistically significant difference between cases and controls regarding their educational level, family history of ovarian cancer, types of other cancers, hysterectomy, and eating a low-fat diet at p<0.001. The study also showed a statistically significant difference regarding age at menopause, the degree of relationship with colorectal cancer relatives, and history of endometriosis at p<0.05. Conclusion: The study signifies the level of education, hysterectomy, late age at menopause, and eating low fat diet as a protective-factors against ovarian cancer, while signifies the positive family history of ovarian cancer, and endometriosis as risk factors associated with ovarian cancer. The study recommended trained health care providers to monitor trends in ovarian cancer occurrence, disparities in care and health assurance assistance, provide screening and early detection activities, care, education for healthy women who are at risk for ovarian cancer.

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Risk Factors Associated with Premature Hair Greying of Young Adult

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2019.498 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (22) ◽

pp. 3762-3764

Author(s):

Dwi Rita Anggraini ◽

Lita Feriyawati ◽

Hidayat Hidayat ◽

Arlinda Sari Wahyuni

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Young Adult ◽

Family History ◽

Metabolic Disorders ◽

Skin Pigmentation ◽

Self Report ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Family ◽

History Of

BACKGROUND: Many researchers have been indicated that premature hair greying (PHG) may be associated with the multifactorial problem include genetic, trace elements deficiencies and some medical problems such as metabolic disorders. However, the risk factors for premature hair greying are not well known for young adult. AIM: This study aimed to determine the risk factors of hair greying in young adult. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study recruited 100 respondents of a college student at the Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU) with the inclusion criteria: male, less than 25 years old with hair greying and not have skin pigmentation disorders. The questionnaires about greying of hair status, family history of greying and history of family disease were collected by self-report. RESULTS: The age of participants in this study was 20.09 ± 2.01 years (mean ± SD). The mean onset of PHG was 15.23 ± 3.52 years (range: 9 – 22 years). The family history of PHG was 39% with paternal in 262%; maternal in 10%% and both parents in 3%. There was a significant difference between several grey hairs with a family history of PHG P = 0.045. The family history with metabolic disorders; hypertension was 29%, obesity was 25%, and diabetes Mellitus (DM) was 15%. Limitations: Owing to the use of questionnaires, the possibility of recall bias exists. The young female was not evaluated in this study. CONCLUSION: The family history of PHG and onset of greying are important risk factors associated with PHG of a young adult.

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The Characteristics of Risk Factors in Chinese Young Women with Acute Coronary Syndrome

10.21203/rs.3.rs-19763/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ruifang Liu ◽

Fangxing Xu ◽

Yujie Zhou ◽

Tongku Liu

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Family History ◽

Young Women ◽

Early Onset ◽

Young Female ◽

Cardiac Insufficiency ◽

Control Group ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Gynecological Diseases ◽

History Of

Abstract Background In recent years, the prevalence rate of ACS in Chinese young women has been increasing significantly, becoming the main cause of death in young female. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics and difference of risk factors in Chinese young women with ACS and to provide references for ACS prevention and treatment. Methods A 1:1 case-control study was conducted to evaluate risk factors of 415 young female patients with ACS (ACS group) who underwent PCI treatment and 415 young female cases without ACS (control group) who were hospitalized and confirmed by coronary angiography to exclude coronary heart disease from January 2010 to August 2016. The average age of the cases in the two groups was respectively (40.77±4.02) years-old and (40.57±4.01) years-old (P> 0.05). Results The risk factors in ACS group were overweight (64.10%), hypertension (49.88%), hyperlipidemia (35.66%), diabetes (23.37%), depression or anxiety disorder (16.62%), gynecological diseases (16.39%), Hyperuricemia (15.18%), family history of early onset coronary heart disease (14.94%), hyperhomocysteinemia (11.33%), hypothyroidism(14.96%), hypercholesterolemia (8.43%) and high c-reactive protein (7.47%), and were statistically significant difference (P<0.01) compared with that of control group. The average number of risk factors per case in ACS group was significantly more than that of control groups (P<0.01). There was a statistically significant difference in the number of combined risk factors of the overweight cases compared between two groups (P<0.01). Regression analysis showed that hyperlipidemia, hyperhomocysteinemia, overweight（obesity）, high CRP, hypertension, hypothyroidism, gynecological diseases, depression or anxiety, cardiac insufficiency, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, oral contraceptives, family history of early onset CHD, and autoimmune diseases were independent risk factors (P<0.01). The bivariate correlation analysis between CRP level and age was r= -0.158 (P<0.01). This result showed the younger ACS patient is the higher serum CRP. Conclusion The independent risk factors of ACS in young women are hyperlipidemia, hyperhomocysteinemia, overweight, high CRP, hypertension, hypothyroidism, gynecological diseases, depression or anxiety, cardiac insufficiency, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, oral contraceptives, family history of early onset CHD, and autoimmune diseases. The co-existence of multiple risk factors is the main cause suffering from ACS in young women.

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Major clinical risk factors for seizures in febrile children aged 6 to 60 months.

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2020.27.05.3397 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (05) ◽

pp. 891-894

Author(s):

Shahid Ishaq ◽

Ejaz Mazari ◽

Fazal ur Rehman

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Family History ◽

Febrile Seizures ◽

Study Groups ◽

Clinical Risk Factors ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Clinical Risk ◽

Significant Difference ◽

History Of

Objectives: Febrile seizures (FS) are the most common type of seizures and typically transpire in children with ages from 6 to 60 months. This study was planned to find out major clinical risk factors for seizures in febrile children who were aged 6 to 60 months. A total of 100 febrile children aged 6 to 60. Study Design: Analytical Study. Setting: Department of Neurology, Children’s Hospital and the Institute of Child Health, Multan. Period: From 1st April 2018 to 31st December 2018. Material & Methods: Group A had 40 children with febrile seizures while group B had 60 febrile children but without seizures. Demographic features along with family history of (H/O) epilepsy as well as family history of febrile seizure, types of seizure and infection diseases were noted and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Odds ratio was calculated for various risk factors. Chi square test was applied and P value < 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: Out of a total of 100 children, there were 54 (54.0%) male and 46 (46.0%) female. There was no statistical difference in terms of gender between the two groups (p value = 0.566). Overall, mean age of the children was 26.02 months with standard deviation of 13.4 months. There were 28 (70.0%) children who reported with simple seizures while complex seizures were found in 12 (30.0%) cases. Statistically significant difference (p value = 0.001) was seen in terms of types of infections between the two study groups. When risk of seizures for various risk factors was calculated, family H/O FS, family H/O epilepsy, and upper RTI were as 14, 7 and 3 times respectively and turned out to be the major risk factors for seizures in febrile children. Conclusions: Family H/O FS, family H/O epilepsy and upper RTIs are the major risk factors related with seizures in febrile children. Measures to prevent these risk factors can decrease the burden of FS in our population.

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Prevalence and associated factors for Pterygium in Han and Mongolian adults: across-sectional study in inner Mongolian, China

10.21203/rs.2.196/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Yuhan Wang ◽

Guangliang Shan ◽

Linyang Gan ◽

Yonggang Qian ◽

Ting Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Protective Factors ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Inner Mongolia ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Education Level ◽

Study Cohort ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract Background: To investigate the prevalence of and factors associated with pterygium in Han and Mongolian adults at four survey sites in Inner Mongolia, China. Methods: A population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted. Using a stratified sampling method, we eventually included 2,651 participants of at least30 years of age from a total of 3,468 eligible residents. Factors associated with pterygium were analysed using univariate analysis and logistic regression models. Results: There were 1,910 Han adults and 741 Mongolian adults included in this study. The mean± standard deviation of age for individuals in the study cohort was 48.93±11.06 years. The overall prevalence of pterygium was 6.4% (n=169), and the prevalences of bilateral and unilateral pterygium were 1.4% (n=38) and 4.8% (n=128), respectively. The most common grade of pterygium was Grade 2. After univariate analysis, eleven factors were considered in a multivariate analysis. The results indicated that age (P<0.001), education level (P<0.001), outdoor occupation (P=0.026), and time spent in rural areas (P<0.001) were significantly associated with pterygium, whereas gender and ethnicity were not risk factors. In subgroup analysis, BMI≥28 was a protective factor for Han individuals (OR 0.42, 95% CI 0.21-0.81, P=0.01), but a risk factor for Mongolian individuals (OR 2.39, 95% CI 1.02-5.58, P=0.044). The BF% in Han and Mongolian individuals had significant difference (P<0.001). Conclusions: Our results indicated that an outdoor occupation, old age and time spent in rural areas are risk factors for pterygium in Inner Mongolia. Living near an urban survey site (Hohhot and Tsining District) and having a higher education level are protective factors for pterygium. Ethnicity, gender, smoking, diabetes and high blood pressure are not associated with pterygium. Different dietary structures in Han and Mongolian adults may lead to different fat content of body and therefore contributes to the prevalence of pterygium. Keywords: Pterygium, prevalence, Han and Mongolian, risk factors, protective factors

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A retrospective study on breast cancer presentation, risk factors, and protective factors in patients with a positive family history of breast cancer

The Breast Journal ◽

10.1111/tbj.13520 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 469-473

Author(s):

Ying Yi Liaw ◽

Foong Shiang Loong ◽

Suzanne Tan ◽

Sze Yun On ◽

Evelyn Khaw ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Retrospective Study ◽

Family History ◽

Protective Factors ◽

Positive Family History ◽

History Of

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Study of Risk Factors Associated with Suicide Attempt in Patients with Bipolar Disorder Type I

Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1709347 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (02) ◽

pp. 291-298

Author(s):

Karthick Subramanian ◽

Vikas Menon ◽

Siddharth Sarkar ◽

Vigneshvar Chandrasekaran ◽

Nivedhitha Selvakumar

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Family History ◽

Suicide Attempt ◽

Coping Strategies ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Type I ◽

Factors Associated ◽

History Of

Abstract Background Suicide is the leading contributor to mortality in bipolar disorder (BD). A history of suicidal attempt is a robust predictive marker for future suicide attempts. Personality profiles and coping strategies are the areas of contemporary research in bipolar suicides apart from clinical and demographic risk factors. However, similar research in developing countries is rarer. Objectives The present study aimed to identify the risk factors associated with suicidal attempts in BD type I (BD-I). Materials and Methods Patients with BD-I currently in clinical remission (N = 102) were recruited. Sociodemographic details and the clinical data were collected using a semistructured pro forma. The psychiatric diagnoses were confirmed using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview 5.0. The National Institute of Mental Health–Life Chart Methodology Clinician Retrospective Chart was used to chart the illness course. Presumptive Stressful Life Events Scale, Coping Strategies Inventory Short Form, Buss–Perry aggression questionnaire, Past Feelings and Acts of Violence, and Barratt Impulsivity scale were used to assess the patient’s stress scores, coping skills, aggression, violence, and impulsivity, respectively. Statistical Analysis Descriptive statistics were used for demographic details and characteristics of the illness course. Binary logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the predictors for lifetime suicide attempt in BD-I. Results A total of 102 patients (males = 49 and females = 53) with BD-I were included. Thirty-seven subjects (36.3%) had a history of suicide attempt. The illness course in suicide attempters more frequently had an index episode of depression, was encumbered with frequent mood episodes, especially in depression, and had a higher propensity for psychiatric comorbidities. On binary logistic regression analysis, the odds ratios (ORs) for predicting a suicide attempt were highest for positive family history of suicide (OR: 13.65, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.28–145.38, p = 0.030), followed by the presence of an index depressive episode (OR: 6.88, 95% CI: 1.70–27.91, p = 0.007), and lower scores on problem-focused disengagement (OR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.56–0.92, p = 0.009). Conclusion BD-I patients with lifetime suicide attempt differ from non-attempters on various course-related and temperamental factors. However, an index episode depression, family history of suicide, and lower problem-focused engagement can predict lifetime suicide attempt in patients with BD-I.

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Risk factors of Parkinson disease

Neurology ◽

10.1212/wnl.0000000000010813 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 95 (18) ◽

pp. e2500-e2508 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Daniele Belvisi ◽

Roberta Pellicciari ◽

Andrea Fabbrini ◽

Matteo Costanzo ◽

Sara Pietracupa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cluster Analysis ◽

Family History ◽

Protective Factors ◽

Parkinson Disease ◽

Coffee Consumption ◽

Additive Interaction ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Toxic Agents ◽

History Of

ObjectiveTo perform a simultaneous evaluation of potential risk/protective factors of Parkinson disease (PD) to identify independent risk/protective factors, to assess interaction among factors, and to determine whether identified risk factors predict etiologic subtypes of PD.MethodsWe designed a large case-control study assessing 31 protective/risk factors of PD, including environmental and lifestyle factors, comorbid conditions, and drugs. The study enrolled 694 patients with PD and 640 healthy controls from 6 neurologic centers. Data were analyzed by logistic regression models, additive interaction models, and cluster analysis.ResultsThe simultaneous assessment of 31 putative risk/protective factors of PD showed that only coffee consumption (odds ratio [OR] 0.6; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.4–0.9), smoking (OR 0.7, 95% CI 0.6–0.9), physical activity (OR 0.8, 95% CI 0.7–0.9), family history of PD (OR 3.2, 95% CI 2.2–4.8), dyspepsia (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.3–2.4), and exposure to pesticides (OR 2.3, 95% CI1.3–4.2), oils (OR 5.6, 95% CI 2.3–13.7), metals (OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.5–5.4), and general anesthesia (OR 6.1, 95% CI 2.9–12.7) were independently associated with PD. There was no evidence of interaction among risk/protective factors, but cluster analysis identified 4 subtypes with different risk factor profiles. In group 1, all patients had a family history of PD, while dyspepsia or exposure to toxic agents was present in 30% of patients. In groups 2 and 3, a family history of PD was lacking, while exposure to toxic agents (group 2) and dyspepsia (group 3) played major roles. Group 4 consisted of patients with no risk factors.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that 9 factors independently modify PD risk by coexisting in the same patient rather than interacting with others. Our study suggests the need for future preventive strategies aimed at reducing the coexistence of different risk factors within the same participant.

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346. Factors Associated with Hypertension in Young Adults with Perinatally-Acquired HIV Infection: a Case–Control Study

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofz360.419 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. S184-S184

Author(s):

Patrick O’Neil ◽

Patrick Ryscavage ◽

Kristen A Stafford

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Young Adults ◽

Family History ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Systemic Hypertension ◽

Early Management ◽

Factors Associated ◽

History Of ◽

Control Study

Abstract Background The incidence of systemic hypertension (HTN) among perinatally-HIV-infected (PHIV) patients appears to increase as they enter adulthood. Among non-perinatally HIV-infected adults both traditional and HIV-associated risk factors have been found to contribute to HTN. Whether these same factors contribute to HTN in PHIV is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the socio-demographic, clinical, virologic, and immunologic factors associated with HTN among a cohort of PHIV adolescents and young adults, aged ≥18 years. Methods We conducted a case–control study among a population of 160 PHIV adults with and without HTN who were receiving care at the University of Maryland and aged 18–35 years as of December 31, 2017. Covariates assessed included traditional risk factors such as age, family history of HTN, and smoking, as well as HIV- and antiretroviral-associated covariates. Results We identified 49 HTN cases (30.6%) and 111 (69.4%) controls. There were no significant differences in the odds of most traditional (age, gender, race, family history of HTN, tobacco, alcohol, and/or other drug use) or HIV-associated (CD4 nadir <100 cells/mm3, individual ART exposure, ART interruption) risk factors among PHIV adults with HTN compared with those with no diagnosis of HTN. Cases had lower odds of a history of treatment with lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r). Cases had 3.7 (95% CI 1.11, 12.56) times the odds of a prior diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) compared with controls after controlling for CD4 nadir and ARV treatment history. Conclusion The results of this study suggest that most traditional and HIV-related risk factors do not appear to increase the odds of having HTN in this PHIV cohort. However, HTN among PHIV may be driven in part by CKD, and a focus on the prevention and early management of CKD in this group may be necessary to prevent the development of HTN. Additionally, there may be as yet unidentified risk factors for HTN among PHIV which require further exploration. Given the large and growing population of PHIV entering adulthood worldwide, it is imperative to explore risk factors for and effects of HTN in large, diverse PHIV populations. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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Prevalence of germline BRCA mutations in HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer: global results from the real-world, observational BREAKOUT study

Breast Cancer Research ◽

10.1186/s13058-020-01349-9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Joyce O’Shaughnessy ◽

Christine Brezden-Masley ◽

Marina Cazzaniga ◽

Tapashi Dalvi ◽

Graham Walker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Ovarian Cancer ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽

Family History ◽

Metastatic Breast ◽

Cytotoxic Chemotherapy ◽

First Line ◽

History Of

Abstract Background The global observational BREAKOUT study investigated germline BRCA mutation (gBRCAm) prevalence in a population of patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Methods Eligible patients had initiated first-line cytotoxic chemotherapy for HER2-negative MBC within 90 days prior to enrollment. Hormone receptor (HR)-positive patients had experienced disease progression on or after prior endocrine therapy, or endocrine therapy was considered unsuitable. gBRCAm status was determined using baseline blood samples or prior germline test results. For patients with a negative gBRCAm test, archival tissue was tested for somatic BRCAm and homologous recombination repair mutations (HRRm). Details of first-line cytotoxic chemotherapy were also collected. Results Between March 2017 and April 2018, 384 patients from 14 countries were screened and consented to study enrollment; 341 patients were included in the full analysis set (median [range] age at enrollment: 56 [25–89] years; 256 (75.3%) postmenopausal). Overall, 33 patients (9.7%) had a gBRCAm (16 [4.7%] in gBRCA1 only, 12 [3.5%] in gBRCA2 only, and 5 [1.5%] in both gBRCA1 and gBRCA2). gBRCAm prevalence was similar in HR-positive and HR-negative patients. gBRCAm prevalence was 9.0% in European patients and 10.6% in Asian patients and was higher in patients aged ≤ 50 years at initial breast cancer (BC) diagnosis (12.9%) than patients aged > 50 years (5.4%). In patients with any risk factor for having a gBRCAm (family history of BC and/or ovarian cancer, aged ≤ 50 years at initial BC diagnosis, or triple-negative BC), prevalence was 10.4%, versus 5.8% in patients without these risk factors. HRRm prevalence was 14.1% (n = 9/64) in patients with germline BRCA wildtype. Conclusions Patient demographic and disease characteristics supported the association of a gBRCAm with younger age at initial BC diagnosis and family history of BC and/or ovarian cancer. gBRCAm prevalence in this cohort, not selected on the basis of risk factors for gBRCAm, was slightly higher than previous results suggested. gBRCAm prevalence among patients without a traditional risk factor for harboring a gBRCAm (5.8%) supports current guideline recommendations of routine gBRCAm testing in HER2-negative MBC, as these patients may benefit from poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor therapy. Trial registration NCT03078036.

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