scholarly journals Potassium release Characteristics in Relation to Soil Properties in Soils of Major Cropping Systems in Kurnool District

Agropedology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Rajeevana ◽  
◽  
P. Kavitha ◽  
M. Sreenivasa Chari ◽  
M. Srinivasa Reddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Clay Fraction ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Sand Fraction ◽  
Potassium Release ◽  
Coarse To Fine ◽  
Exchangeable Form

Sixty representative surface soil samples (0-15 cm) were collected from 5 major cropping systems (rice-rice, fallow-bengal gram, groundnut-groundnut, maize-maize, rice-maize/mustard) covering 13 mandals in Kurnool district of Andhra Pradesh. Based on K status, the potassium releasing characteristics of thirty soils were studied by repeated extractions with boiling 1N HNO3 and their relationship between soil properties and different forms of potassium. The soils were moderately coarse to fine in texture and neutral to slightly alkaline, non-saline and non-calcareous. Potassium release characteristics and different forms of potassium were highest in maize-maize cropping system and the lowest in groundnut-groundnut cropping system. Most of the soils had lower step-K and cumulative-K. The K release parameters were positively and significantly correlated with non-exchangeable form of soil K, pH, OC, CEC and clay fraction of soil and negatively correlated with sand fraction of soil.

scholarly journals Effect of Phosphorous Application on Yield and its Uptake by Soybean (Glycine max L.) in Different Cropping Systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Sikka ◽  
Simranpreet Kaur ◽  
R.K. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Spring Maize ◽  
Stover Yield ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Optimum Production

Background: Soybean-wheat is the most dominant soybean based cropping system and it also fits well in soybean-spring maize and soybean-gobhi sarson cropping systems. Soybean being a highly nutrient-exhaustive crop requires higher amounts of nutrients, particularly phosphorus for its optimum production. Thus, the present investigation was undertaken. Methods: A field experiment was conducted for three years to study the effect of phosphorous application on yield and P uptake by soybean in different cropping systems. There were three cropping systems which were kept in main plots and five P levels viz., 0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 kg P2O5 ha-1 applied to soybean which were kept in the sub plot. Result: Application of 80 kg P2O5 ha-1 resulted in highest mean seed yield of soybean (20.9 qha-1) but significant response was observed up to 40 kg P2O5 ha-1 (19.8 qha-1) only. Highest mean seed P uptake of soybean was observed under application of 80 kg P2O5 ha-1. The mean seed yield, stover yield and P uptake of soybean was not affected significantly under different cropping systems. The interaction effects of cropping system and applied P levels were however non-significant. A significant build-up of available P in surface soil over control was observed under 80 kg P2O5 ha-1 level.

scholarly journals Changes in soil carbon stock in Mewat and Dhar under cereal and legume based cropping systems

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Chakrabarti ◽  
S.K. Bandyopadhyay ◽  
D. Pratap ◽  
H. Pathak ◽  
R. Mittal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Soil Carbon Stock ◽  
Cropping Sequence ◽  
Surface Soil Layer

Soil organic carbon is strongly affected by agricultural management practices. Cropping systems can influence the amount of carbon present in soil. Increase in SOC can be related with the choice of crops present in the cropping sequence as well as on the management practices followed. The present study was undertaken to quantify the changes in soil carbon stock under different cropping systems. Two major cropping systems i.e. pearlmillet-wheat and pearlmillet-mustard were selected in Mewat, Haryana while soybean-wheat cropping systems was identified in Dhar, Madhya Pradesh. Results showed that SOC of surface soil layer decreased from 0.42% to 0.39% in pearlmillet-mustard cropping system during the study period. But in soybean-wheat cropping system it increased from 1.14% to 1.24%. Legume based cropping system showed enhancement of surface soil carbon.

scholarly journals Cropping System and Rotational Grazing Effects on Soil Fertility and Enzymatic Activity in an Integrated Organic Crop-Livestock System

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 803
Author(s):  
Fernando Shintate Galindo ◽  
Kathleen Delate ◽  
Bradley Heins ◽  
Hannah Phillips ◽  
Andrew Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Cattle Grazing ◽  
Rotational Grazing ◽  
Microbial Decomposition

Alternative grazing systems that incorporate cover crops may be useful to achieve a longer grazing season and maximize forage production. However, little is known about their impact on soil properties, especially in the presence or absence of cattle grazing in the early spring. The aim of this study was to evaluate the interacting effects of cropping systems with and without cattle grazing in rotation with corn or soybean on the balance and dynamics of soil fertility and enzyme activity. This study was conducted as a system experiment between 2015 and 2019 in Minnesota and Pennsylvania, USA. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with four replications. Treatments included presence or absence of cattle grazing and two types of cropping systems (pasture-rye-soybean-pasture [P-R-SB-P] and pasture-wheat/vetch-corn-pasture [P-W/V-C-P]. Soil samples were collected six times during the study. Soil properties analyzed were soil pH, organic matter, salinity, K, Ca, Mg, cation exchange capacity (CEC), P, β-glucosidase, alkaline phosphatase, aryl-sulfatase, fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis, ammonium, nitrate, permanganate oxidizable carbon (POXC), N%, C%, S%, and C:N ratio. Grazing increased glucosidase activity, available Ca, Mg, NO3−, NH4+, soil pH, soil C%, S%, and the C:N ratio. In the P-W/V-C-P cropping system, soil pH, available Ca, NO3−, and sulfatase activity were found to increase compared with the P-R-SB-P cropping system. In contrast, soil OM, available K, Mg, CEC, glucosidase, phosphatase, POXC, and total C%, N%, and S% were greater in the P-R-SB-P cropping system compared with the P-W/V-C-P cropping system. The results of this study suggested that rotational grazing can increase soil quality and microbial decomposition under the P-W/V-C-P cropping system, and that this result was greater than under the P-R-SB-P cropping system, leading to a faster nutrient cycling. These results show promise for producers who are seeking methods to diversify their farming operation and reduce the need for external inputs.

Infiltration as a tool for detecting soil changes due to cropping, tillage, and grazing livestock

1993 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 164-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.K. Radke ◽  
E.C. Berry
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Infiltration Rates ◽  
No Till ◽  
Stocking Rates ◽  
Changes In Soil Properties

AbstractSoil physical and biological properties often change when different cropping, tillage, or management systems are imposed. Changes occasionally occur quickly, but usually become evident only after months or years. Infiltration rates are affected by several soil properties and may provide the most sensitive indication of changes in soil properties. To evaluate the use of infiltration measurements for detecting changes in soil properties, we conducted infiltration tests on a cropping systems experiment, a tillage experiment, and two beef cattle grazing experiments. In Pennsylvania, significant changes in infiltration rates did not occur until more than four years after converting from a conventional to a low-input cropping system. Infiltration rates were higher on 14th-year no-till plots compared with moldboard plow and chisel treatments in an Iowa tillage study. Earthworm populations and activity were highest in the no-till treatment. Infiltration rates correlated negatively with increased stocking rates in a long-term beef grazing study in Oklahoma. The number of earthworms did not correlate positively with infiltration in this study, suggesting a complex interaction. A short-term study of overwinter beef corn-stalk grazing in Iowa did not show consistent patterns in infiltration rate or other soil properties with different stocking rates. Infiltration appears to be a good indicator of soil structural changes associated with cropping, tillage, and management systems.

scholarly journals Yield gap analysis of redgram and redgram based cropping systems in Prakasam district of Andhra Pradesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-156
Author(s):  
A.Vijaya Preethi ◽  
K. Uma Devi ◽  
D. Vishnu Sankar Rao ◽  
V. Srinivasa Rao
Keyword(s):  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Functional Relationship ◽  
Gap Analysis ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Yield Gap ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Sole Crop ◽  
Yield Gap Analysis

The study was conducted on yield gap analysis of redgram and redgram based cropping systems in Prakasam district of Andhra Pradesh during the year 2014-15. A sample size of 120 farmers were selected by using multiple stage random sampling method. The multiple linear regression equation was used for studying the functional relationship between the yield gap of redgram based cropping systems and independent variables viz., seed rate gap (kg/ha), seed charges gap (Rs./ha), nitrogen gap (kg/ha), phosphorus gap (kg/ha), potassium gap (kg/ha), labour charges gap (Rs./ha), pesticide gap (Rs./ha) and manures gap (t/ha). From analysis, the results were obtained that, the variables such as seed cost gap (Rs./ha), phosphorus gap (kg/ha), labour charges gap (Rs./ha) and pesticide gap (Rs./ha) were mainly responsible for the yield gap for redgram sole crop, redgram + Bajra cropping system and pooled cropping systems. In pooled regression analysis, the regression co-efficients of cropping system dummy variables (CS1, CS2 and CS4- Redgram + Bajra, Redgram + Greengram, Redgram + Sorghum (fodder) cropping systems) had positive and significant influence on yield gap. This indicates that more yield gap observed in redgram based cropping systems than sole redgram was because of relatively poor adoption concerning intercropping technologies by the sample redgram farmers.

scholarly journals Status of Available Phosphorus and Forms of Phosphorus in Soil under Major Cropping Systems of Y.S.R. Kadapa District, A.P.

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
G. K. Surya Krishna ◽  
T. Giridhara Krishna ◽  
V. Munaswamy ◽  
Y. Reddi Ramu
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Free Lime ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Southern Zone ◽  
Total P

An investigation was carried out to study different forms of phosphorus under major cropping systems in Y.S.R. Kadapa district of Southern Zone of Andhra Pradesh. Five soil samples from each cropping system at 0-15 cm depth collected from each cropping system to study their physicochemical properties, status of available P2O5 and different forms of P. Majority of the soils were moderately alkaline in reaction, non-saline, free lime content indicating that these soils are moderately calcareous, medium to high in available P2O5. Highest mean values for available P2O5 (182.41 kg ha-1), Al-P (80.82 mg kg-1), Ca-P (118.55 mg kg-1) and total-P (434.35 mg kg-1) were recorded in groundnut monocropping system whereas for saloid P (23.01 mg kg-1), Fe-P (69.82 mg kg-1) and other forms of P (228.35 mg kg-1) highest mean values were recorded under sunflower-sesame, groundnut-groundnut and fallow-bengal gram cropping systems, respectively.

scholarly journals Changes on Bacterial and Fungal Soil Communities in Long-Term Organic Cropping Systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Cuartero ◽  
Onurcan Özbolat ◽  
Virginia Sánchez-Navarro ◽  
Marcos Egea-Cortines ◽  
Raúl Zornoza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Microbial communities play a key role in sustainable agriculture. However, we still need more in-formation, to understand the complex response of the microbial community to long-term organic farming, which aims to reduce synthetic fertilizer and pesticide use in order to produce sustainably and improve soil quality. We have assessed the long-term effect of two organic cropping systems and a conventional system on the microbial soil community structure using high-throughput se-quencing analysis. We analyzed the link between these communities and changes in soil properties and crop yield. Results showed that the crop yield was similar among the three cropping systems. Soil properties, such as total organic carbon, nitrogen, ammonium, magnesium and boron, influ-enced changes in the bacterial community structure. A linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) showed different bacteria and fungi as key microorganism of each of the three different cropping systems, in addition, our results reflected that fungal community were more sensitive than bacteria to cropping system. This research provides an insight about changes occurred in soils, especially in microbial communities considering the effect of that changes in crop yield which were remained stable among the different cropping systems.

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