scholarly journals Study of Microbial Contamination in Local Fruits and Vegetables Samples of Solan, Himachal Pradesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pathania Singh Mamta ◽  
Sushila Negi ◽  
Bhardwaj Payal
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Himachal Pradesh ◽  
Food Microbiology ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Complete Identification ◽  
Micro Organisms ◽  
Hygienic Conditions ◽  
Alternaria Alternate

Food Microbiology is the study of food micro-organisms. In the present study, we have chosen to isolate and identify bacteria and fungus from various fruits and vegetables. The various fruits had been collected from local market of Solan (H.P). After the complete identification, the isolated microorganism was identified as bacteria i.e. Enterobacter, Xanthomonas, Erwinia, Acidovoraxavenae, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, Bacillus, Streptococcus and fungus i.e. Cercospora mamaoms, Colletotrichum, Fusarium, Alternaria alternate, Aspergillus niger. Chances of contamination can be reduced by the good hygienic conditions.

Microbial Survey of Selected Ontario-Grown Fresh Fruits and Vegetables

2007 ◽  
Vol 70 (12) ◽  
pp. 2864-2867 ◽  
Author(s):  
LINDSAY ARTHUR ◽  
SANDRA JONES ◽  
MARTHA FABRI ◽  
JOSEPH ODUMERU
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Fresh Market ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Safety Research ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
Leaf Lettuce

Recent produce-related outbreaks have been receiving heightened media coverage, which has increased public concern toward the safety of fresh fruits and vegetables. In response, the microbial contamination of Ontario-grown fresh fruits and vegetables was evaluated by the Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs during the summer of 2004. Prior to this survey, information specific to the microbial contamination of Ontario-produced fruits and vegetables was limited. This nonregulatory survey had two objectives: (i) to obtain a general microbiological profile of selected fruits and vegetables produced in Ontario and (ii) to use the information and knowledge gained from this survey to direct and support future on-farm food safety research and food safety programs to manage potential risks. In all, 1,183 samples, including muskmelon (151), scallions and green onions (173), leaf lettuce (263), organic leaf lettuce (112), head lettuce (155), parsley (127), cilantro (61), and fresh market tomatoes (141), were collected and analyzed. Samples were analyzed for Salmonella, Shigella, and generic E. coli. Enrichment cultures positive for E. coli were further assessed for verotoxigenicity. One sample each of Roma tomato and organic leaf lettuce were positive for Salmonella, with no samples yielding Shigella or verotoxigenic E. coli. The E. coli prevalence was highest in parsley (13.4%), followed by organic leaf lettuce (11.6%), leaf lettuce (6.5%), scallions (6.4%), cilantro (4.9%), muskmelon (1.3%), head lettuce (0%), and fresh market tomatoes (0%). These findings, in combination with foodborne illness data, will help target those commodities that require more focused risk mitigation efforts.

scholarly journals COW HOUSING UNDER SANITARY AND HYGIENIC CONDITIONS OF MILK PRODUCTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1(82)) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
E. Tomashevsky ◽  
R. Varpikhovskyi
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Thermal Balance ◽  
Technological Regime ◽  
Ventilation Control ◽  
Air Ventilation ◽  
Commercial Milk ◽  
Hygienic Conditions

It is established that in the stall period (November - March) the microclimate of the cowshed is 4.0 points, which complies with the engineering design conditions, to improve the parameters it is necessary to optimize the conditions regarding the concentration of harmful gases in the air and microbial contamination. Well-timed faeces disposal and air ventilation control will optimize these parameters. It is proven that the thermal balance of the building depends on the created conditions of comfortable keeping of cows and their number in the building, as well as heat loss through the enclosing structures: gates, windows, ceiling, floor and walls, the thermal balance in the cowshed is made for the outside temperature of (-4,3 ° С). Since sanitary and hygienic conditions of cow housing do not meet the optimal design and technological regime, and the amount of microorganisms in the air of the room is above norm and negatively affects the health of cattle, it is necessary to implement integrated elements of technology in the process of commercial milk production and rationalize the schedule while maintaining standards of technological design.

scholarly journals Microbial Contamination in Some Commercial Biscuits in Baghdad City

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 867-875
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Local Markets ◽  
Esherichia Coli ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Penicillium Spp ◽  
Number Of Bacteria

This study has been conducted to know the level of microbial ( bacteria and fungi) contamination in 5 types of biscuits from local markets of Baghdad city. Fifty samples (ten sample for each kind of biscuit) were studed,Two are local,others are Iranian,Turkish,and Holandies. The following results have been achieved :1. The highest number of bacteria was 21.6×103 cell/g in Iranian biscuit while the lowest number was 14.3× 103 cell/g in local biscuit No.1 . The highest number of fungi was 16×103 colony/g and the lowest number was 5.3×103 colony/g in the Iranian and the local biscuit No.1,respectively.2. Staphylococcus aureus was the major bacteria appeared at highest level of 100% in Turkish biscuit. The lowest percentage was found in Hollandian biscuit with 37.28%. Bacillus cereus was the major bacteria with a percentage of 100% in local biscuit No.2 where as the lowest was in local biscuit No,1with a percentage of 20.93%, while it was not existed in Turkish biscuit. Esherichia coli was found in Hollandian biscuit at highest rate of 38.98% , the lowest value was appeared in Iranian biscuit with 28.16% while it was not exited in local biscuit No.1,2 and Turkish biscuit.3. Aspergillus niger appeared at highest level of 66.66% in Hollandian biscuit, while was the lowest 37.73% in local biscuit No.1 and not existed in local biscuit No.2, The highest value of A.flavus was 69.76% in local biscuit No.2 and the lowest value in Hollandian biscuit in percentage 8.33%. It has not appeared in Iranian and Turkish biscuit. The A. terreus appeared at highest rate in Turkish biscuit with 33.33% , the lowest value was in local biscuit No.2 at 11.62% and was not appeared in Hollandian biscuit.The Penicillium spp. Was found at highest rate 25% in Hollandian biscuit , the lowest value of 9.52% was appeared in Turkish biscuit.

scholarly journals Human Pathogens on Plants: Designing a Multidisciplinary Strategy for Research

2013 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 306-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Fletcher ◽  
Jan E. Leach ◽  
Kellye Eversole ◽  
Robert Tauxe
Keyword(s):  
Plant Pathology ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Food Microbiology ◽  
Food Plants ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Salmonella Spp

Recent efforts to address concerns about microbial contamination of food plants and resulting foodborne illness have prompted new collaboration and interactions between the scientific communities of plant pathology and food safety. This article provides perspectives from scientists of both disciplines and presents selected research results and concepts that highlight existing and possible future synergisms for audiences of both disciplines. Plant pathology is a complex discipline that encompasses studies of the dissemination, colonization, and infection of plants by microbes such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and oomycetes. Plant pathologists study plant diseases as well as host plant defense responses and disease management strategies with the goal of minimizing disease occurrences and impacts. Repeated outbreaks of human illness attributed to the contamination of fresh produce, nuts and seeds, and other plant-derived foods by human enteric pathogens such as Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. have led some plant pathologists to broaden the application of their science in the past two decades, to address problems of human pathogens on plants (HPOPs). Food microbiology, which began with the study of microbes that spoil foods and those that are critical to produce food, now also focuses study on how foods become contaminated with pathogens and how this can be controlled or prevented. Thus, at the same time, public health researchers and food microbiologists have become more concerned about plant–microbe interactions before and after harvest. New collaborations are forming between members of the plant pathology and food safety communities, leading to enhanced research capacity and greater understanding of the issues for which research is needed. The two communities use somewhat different vocabularies and conceptual models. For example, traditional plant pathology concepts such as the disease triangle and the disease cycle can help to define cross-over issues that pertain also to HPOP research, and can suggest logical strategies for minimizing the risk of microbial contamination. Continued interactions and communication among these two disciplinary communities is essential and can be achieved by the creation of an interdisciplinary research coordination network. We hope that this article, an introduction to the multidisciplinary HPOP arena, will be useful to researchers in many related fields.

scholarly journals First Report of Stem Rot of Dracaena Caused by Aspergillus niger in Iran

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrdad Abbasi ◽  
Faezeh Aliabadi
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
First Report ◽  
Dracaena Sanderiana

Specimen plants of Dracaena sanderiana showing stem rot symptoms were collected from a local market in Tehran. Aspergillus niger was isolated from all diseased plants. Healthy greenhouse plants were inoculated and developed disease symptoms. The authors were able to isolate A. niger from all inoculated plants. This is believed to be the first report of A. nigercausing stem rot of D. sanderiana in Iran. Accepted for publication 26 November 2007. Published 12 February 2008.

Promoting access to fresh fruits and vegetables through a local market intervention at a subway station

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (17) ◽  
pp. 3258-3270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Chaput ◽  
Geneviève Mercille ◽  
Louis Drouin ◽  
Yan Kestens
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Subway Station ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Market Intervention ◽  
Alternative Food Sources ◽  
Physical Access

AbstractObjectiveAlternative food sources (AFS) such as local markets in disadvantaged areas are promising strategies for preventing chronic disease and reducing health inequalities. The present study assessed how sociodemographic characteristics, physical access and fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption are associated with market use in a newly opened F&V market next to a subway station in a disadvantaged neighbourhood.DesignTwo cross-sectional surveys were conducted among adults: (i) on-site, among shoppers who had just bought F&V and (ii) a telephone-based population survey among residents living within 1 km distance from the market.SettingOne neighbourhood in Montreal (Canada) with previously limited F&V offerings.SubjectsRespectively, 218 shoppers and 335 residents completed the on-site and telephone-based population surveys.ResultsAmong shoppers, 23 % were low-income, 56 % did not consume enough F&V and 54 % did not have access to a car. Among all participants living 1 km from the market (n472), market usage was associated (OR; 95 % CI) with adequate F&V consumption (1·86; 1·10, 3·16), living closer to the market (for distance: 0·86; 0·76, 0·97), having the market on the commute route (2·77; 1·61, 4·75) and not having access to a car (2·96; 1·67, 5·26).ConclusionsWhen implemented in strategic locations such as transport hubs, AFS like F&V markets offer a promising strategy to improve F&V access among populations that may be constrained in their food acquisition practices, including low-income populations and those relying on public transportation.

Risk Factors for Microbial Contamination in Fruits and Vegetables at the Preharvest Level: A Systematic Review

2012 ◽  
Vol 75 (11) ◽  
pp. 2055-2081 ◽  
Author(s):  
SANGSHIN PARK ◽  
BARBARA SZONYI ◽  
RAJU GAUTAM ◽  
KENDRA NIGHTINGALE ◽  
JUAN ANCISO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Produce Water ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Produce Contamination ◽  
And Control

The objective of this study was to perform a systematic review of risk factors for contamination of fruits and vegetables with Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella, and Escherichia coli O157:H7 at the preharvest level. Relevant studies were identified by searching six electronic databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CAB Abstracts, AGRIS, AGRICOLA, and FSTA, using the following thesaurus terms: L. monocytogenes, Salmonella, E. coli O157 AND fruit, vegetable. All search terms were exploded to find all related subheadings. To be eligible, studies had to be prospective controlled trials or observational studies at the preharvest level and had to show clear and sufficient information on the process in which the produce was contaminated. Of the 3,463 citations identified, 68 studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria. Most of these studies were on leafy greens and tomatoes. Six studies assessed produce contamination with respect to animal host-related risk factors, and 20 studies assessed contamination with respect to pathogen characteristics. Sixty-two studies assessed the association between produce contamination and factors related to produce, water, and soil, as well as local ecological conditions of the production location. While evaluations of many risk factors for preharvest-level produce contamination have been reported, the quality assessment of the reviewed studies confirmed the existence of solid evidence for only some of them, including growing produce on clay-type soil, the application of contaminated or non–pH-stabilized manure, and the use of spray irrigation with contaminated water, with a particular risk of contamination on the lower leaf surface. In conclusion, synthesis of the reviewed studies suggests that reducing microbial contamination of irrigation water and soil are the most effective targets for the prevention and control of produce contamination. Furthermore, this review provides an inventory of the evaluated risk factors, including those requiring more research.

Monitoring of Microbial Contamination of Fruits and Vegetables on the Markets in Gyeongnam Area

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Won-Bo Shim ◽  
◽  
Sang-Gon Park ◽  
Young-Dong Choi ◽  
Myeong-Jin Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables
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