Working Memory Span in Normal Control, Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Soo Yun Lee ◽  
Jung Hae Youn ◽  
Ju Hye Kim ◽  
Jun-Young Lee
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Memory Span

scholarly journals Working Memory and Executive Function Decline across Normal Aging, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Alzheimer’s Disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna-Mariya Kirova ◽  
Rebecca B. Bays ◽  
Sarita Lagalwar
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Executive Dysfunction ◽  
Normal Aging ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Neurological Differences

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease marked by deficits in episodic memory, working memory (WM), and executive function. Examples of executive dysfunction in AD include poor selective and divided attention, failed inhibition of interfering stimuli, and poor manipulation skills. Although episodic deficits during disease progression have been widely studied and are the benchmark of a probable AD diagnosis, more recent research has investigated WM and executive function decline during mild cognitive impairment (MCI), also referred to as the preclinical stage of AD. MCI is a critical period during which cognitive restructuring and neuroplasticity such as compensation still occur; therefore, cognitive therapies could have a beneficial effect on decreasing the likelihood of AD progression during MCI. Monitoring performance on working memory and executive function tasks to track cognitive function may signal progression from normal cognition to MCI to AD. The present review tracks WM decline through normal aging, MCI, and AD to highlight the behavioral and neurological differences that distinguish these three stages in an effort to guide future research on MCI diagnosis, cognitive therapy, and AD prevention.

Changes in Speech Chunking in Reading Aloud is a Marker of Mild Cognitive Impairment and Mild-to-Moderate Alzheimer’s Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 828-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celine De Looze ◽  
Finnian Kelly ◽  
Lisa Crosby ◽  
Aisling Vourdanou ◽  
Robert F. Coen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Reading Aloud ◽  
Sentence Length ◽  
Discriminative Ability ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Memory And Attention

Background: Speech and Language Impairments, generally attributed to lexico-semantic deficits, have been documented in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study investigates the temporal organisation of speech (reflective of speech production planning) in reading aloud in relation to cognitive impairment, particularly working memory and attention deficits in MCI and AD. The discriminative ability of temporal features extracted from a newly designed read speech task is also evaluated for the detection of MCI and AD. Method: Sixteen patients with MCI, eighteen patients with mild-to-moderate AD and thirty-six healthy controls (HC) underwent a battery of neuropsychological tests and read a set of sentences varying in cognitive load, probed by manipulating sentence length and syntactic complexity. Results: Our results show that Mild-to-Moderate AD is associated with a general slowness of speech, attributed to a higher number of speech chunks, silent pauses and dysfluences, and slower speech and articulation rates. Speech chunking in the context of high cognitive-linguistic demand appears to be an informative marker of MCI, specifically related to early deficits in working memory and attention. In addition, Linear Discriminant Analysis shows the ROC AUCs (Areas Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves) of identifying MCI vs. HC, MCI vs. AD and AD vs. HC using these speech characteristics are 0.75, 0.90 and 0.94 respectively. Conclusion: The implementation of connected speech-based technologies in clinical and community settings may provide additional information for the early detection of MCI and AD.

EEG synchronization likelihood in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease during a working memory task

2004 ◽  
Vol 115 (6) ◽  
pp. 1332-1339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.A.L. Pijnenburg ◽  
Y. vd Made ◽  
A.M. van Cappellen van Walsum ◽  
D.L. Knol ◽  
Ph. Scheltens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Synchronization Likelihood
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