scholarly journals The Prevalence of Anterior Teeth Fracture and its Relation to Malocclusion in 12 and 15 Year Old School Children Belgaum City India

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradeep. S. Tangade
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
School Children ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Central Incisor ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anterior Teeth

ABSTRACT The objectives of this study were to know the prevalence of anterior teeth fracture and malocclusion and their correlation among the school going children aged 12 and 15 years, as well as to analyze the general relative risk factors like age, sex, malocclusion, nature and place of trauma. Method An epidemiological cross sectional study was carried out among 3621 school going children (2418 boys and 1203 girls) in Belgaum city aged 12 and 15 years. Interview was conducted fro other variables and clinical examination using modified WHO performa was done. Results The prevalence of anterior teeth fracture was 4.41%. The prevalence rate for males was 4.96% and females 3.33%. The maxillary left central incisor had more risk for fracture (42.7%). Enamel fractures compromised of 59.54%. The prevalence rate of malocclusion was 27.3%. Conclusions The study concludes that there is a strong relationship between malocclusion and fractured anterior teeth (P<0.001). Key words: Malocclusion, Trauma, Prevalence, Tooth Fracture

Socio-demographic association of non communicable diseases’ risk factors in a representative population of school children: a cross-sectional study in Sousse (Tunisia)

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meriam El Ghardallou ◽  
Jihene Maatoug ◽  
Imed Harrabi ◽  
Sihem Ben Fredj ◽  
Sahli Jihene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
School Children ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Excess Weight ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unhealthy Diet

Abstract Introduction: A better understanding of socio-demographic characteristics of subgroups, which have a high risk to develop chronic diseases, is essential to develop more efficient interventional programs especially for youth. This study aimed to determine the association between clusters of non communicable diseases (NCDs’) risk factors and the socio-demographic characteristics among a sample of Tunisian school children. Materials and methods: We conducted, in 2013/2014, a cross-sectional study among a proportional and stratified school children sample, selected in 17 elementary public schools in Sousse (Tunisia). A cluster analysis was used to identify different NCDs risk factors clusters, based on tobacco use, physical inactivity, unhealthy diet, and excess weight. Subsequent χ2-tests were used to identify differences between the NCDs risk factors clusters in regards to socio-demographic characteristics. Results: Four clusters of NCDs risk factors were found: 1) Cluster 1: physical inactivity behavior with normal weight, 2) Cluster 2: physical inactivity behavior associated to excess weight, 3) Cluster 3: unhealthy diet associated to excess weight and low practice of physical activity, and 4) Cluster 4: smoking behavior with physical activity behavior. The pattern of cluster membership differed across sex (<10–3), school level, and socioeconomic level (<10–3) but there was no significant difference between clusters for mother’s education levels and household tenure. Conclusion: This study can have important implications for health policy and practice. Indeed, it found that many subjects have simultaneous multiple NCDs risk factors which leads to identify groups at risk and implement integrated intervention program.

scholarly journals Stroke risk and its association with quality of life: a cross-sectional study among Chinese urban adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiqing Yao ◽  
Juhua Zhang ◽  
Yanmei Wang ◽  
Qingqing Wang ◽  
Fei Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Stroke is a leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Most stroke risk studies focused on more established biological and pathophysiological risk factors such as hypertension and smoking, psychosocial factors such as quality of life are often under-investigated and thus less reported. The current study aims to estimate stroke risk and explore the impact of quality of life on stroke risk among a community sample of urban residents in Shanghai. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in Fengxian District of Shanghai City from December 2018 to April 2019. 4030 representative participants were recruited through a multistage, stratified, probability proportional to size sampling method and completed the study. Stroke risk was assessed using the Rapid Stroke Risk Screening Chart that included 8 risk factors for stroke. Quality of life was measured using the World Health Organization Quality of Life-brief version (WHOQOL-BREF). Results One-third of residents were at risk for stroke, including 14.39% at high risk, and 18.68% at middle risk. The top three most commonly reported risk factors were physical inactivity (37.30%), hypertension (25.38%), and smoking (17.32%). Quality of life and its four domains were all independently and significantly associated with stroke risk. Multinominal logistic regressions showed that a one-unit increase in the quality of life was associated with a decreased relative risk for middle-risk relative to low-risk of stroke by a factor of 0.988 (95% CI:0.979, 0.997, P = 0.007), and a decreased relative risk for high-risk relative to low-risk of stroke by a factor of 0.975 (95% CI:0.966, 0.984, P < 0.001). Conclusions Our findings showed an alarmingly high prevalence of stroke risk among the sample, which may require future intervention programs to focus on improving both biological and behavioral risk factors such as increasing physical activity, early diagnosis and treatment of hypertension, and smoking cessation, as well as improving psychosocial factors such as quality of life.

scholarly journals Dental Caries Experience in 6-13 Years Old School Children of Dharan Sub-Metropolitan City, Nepal: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Bhawana Sigdel Bastola ◽  
Bandana Koirala ◽  
Mamta Dali ◽  
Sneha Shrestha ◽  
Dharanidhar Baral
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
School Children ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Primary Dentition ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Introduction: Dental caries though preventable oral health problem is affecting school children worldwide and around 50% of Nepalese children are suffering from it. Baseline data with good understanding of dental caries and associated risk factors are necessary to form preventive strategies for setting and achieving oral health goals. Objective: This study was conducted to determine dental caries experience and associated risk factors among school-going children of 6-13 years old in Dharan sub-metropolitan city, Nepal. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from 5th Jan 2018 to 4th Jan 2019 among 680 school children selected by multistage cluster sampling method. Pretested, standardized, closed-ended questionnaire answered by the parents was used to gather information regarding the associated risk factors. Dental caries experience was obtained from deft/DMFT (WHO modification 1997). Comparison of categorical data was done using Chi-square test. Multivariable binary logistic regressions were used for the statistical analysis. Results: The overall caries prevalence was 61.6%, in primary dentition it was 48.25% and in permanent dentition it was 34.4%. Dental caries experience was with mean deft 4.67 (±2.7) in primary dentition and mean DMFT 1.72 (±1.05).in permanent dentition. Multivariate analysis showed significant association between dental caries experience and grade three and grade four school children had experienced greater caries (p<0.05, OR =2.7). Dental caries was associated with eating sweets at night (p<0.001, OR=2.5) and snacking in-between meals (p<0.001, OR=2.5). Conclusions: Dental caries among school-children in Dharan showed a significant burden especially within the primary dentition. It was significantly associated with factors like feeding habits -eating sweets in a day, eating sweets at night and snaking in between meals

scholarly journals Prevalence of hypertension and associated risk factors among Bhutanese Monks in Thimphu, Bhutan: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-31
Author(s):  
Kinley Bidha ◽  
Nazmul Alam
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Hypertension is a major health problem and it accounts for more than 9.4 million people to die every year globally due to its high complications. It is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and high research importance has been given due to its high prevalence. The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of hypertension and to assess its risk factors among monks populations in Thimphu. A cross-sectional study with purposive sampling method was conducted among the five different monasteries in Thimphu. A self administered questionnaire was structured for 307 monks from age 18 and above. The prevalence rate of hypertension in the present study was 32.6% among Bhutanese monks. Hypertension is significantly higher in elder age groups which conclude that hypertension increase with the increase of age and have a strong association. Alcohol use, betel consumption, and physical inactivity were found to be significant risk factors for developing hypertension. With the 32.6% prevalence rate, only 26% of them are receiving medications. There is an impending need for effective intervention strategies.

scholarly journals Assessment of knowledge of risk factors and prevention of obesity among school children: a cross sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Praveena R. Gunagi ◽  
Shobha S. Karikatti ◽  
Sunanda B. Halki
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
School Children ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Childhood obesity is a major contributor to the global burden of chronic diseases and is an important determinant of cardiovascular diseases, type II diabetes etc. This can largely be attributed to the transformation in the lifestyles of children. There is still lack of knowledge about obesity among high school children. Objective of this study was to assess the knowledge of risk factors of obesity among school children and to find out the knowledge of hazards and preventive measures of obesity among school children.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among school students aged between 13-14 years from 9 randomly selected schools. The total sample included 480 students.Results: Out of 480 subjects 70.4% had heard about obesity, 62.3% were aware about the increasing prevalence of obesity among the youngsters, 26.7% thought unhealthy dietary factors and 29% thought mental stress were the main factors leading to obesity and non-communicable diseases. More than 75% students had correct knowledge of dietary factors associated with obesity like eating larger portion of food, eating fried foods, having junk foods. 51-75% of the students responded correctly for the factors i.e. using motorcycle for short distance.Conclusions: More than half of the students had knowledge of specific dietary and physical activity risk factors. Majority of the students identified high blood pressure, diabetes and heart problem as hazards of obesity. Only one third of the students knew preventive measures like adequate intake of fruits and vegetables, limiting unhealthy snacks and limiting screen time to prevent obesity.

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