scholarly journals Biomechanical Analysis on Locomotion with Lower Extremity Supporter

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung-Il Lee ◽  
Wan-Ki Hong ◽  
Chul-Gab Lee
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Biomechanical Analysis

scholarly journals Biomechanical Analysis of Running in Shoes with Different Heel-to-Toe Drops

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 12144
Author(s):  
Masen Zhang ◽  
Huijuan Shi ◽  
Hui Liu ◽  
Xinglong Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Impact Force ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Biomechanical Analysis ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Vertical Loading ◽  
Peak Knee ◽  
Running Shoes

The heel-to-toe drop of running shoes is a key parameter influencing lower extremity kinematics during running. Previous studies testing running shoes with lower or larger drops generally used minimalist or maximalist shoes, where the factors outside of the drop may lead to the observed changes in running biomechanics. Therefore, our aim was to compare the strike patterns, impact force, and lower extremity biomechanics when running in shoes that varied only in their drops. Eighteen habitual rearfoot strikers performed trials wearing running shoes with four drop conditions: 15 mm, 10 mm, 5 mm, and without a drop. Three-dimensional (3D) tracks of the reflective markers and impact force were synchronously collected using a video graphic acquisition system and two force plates. The biomechanical parameters were compared among the four drop conditions using one-way ANOVA of repeated measures. A greater foot inclination angle (p = 0.001, ηp2 = 0.36) at initial contact and a lower vertical loading rate (p = 0.002, ηp2 = 0.32) during the standing phase were found when running in shoes with large drops compared with running in shoes without a drop. Running in shoes with large drops, as opposed to without, significantly increased the peak knee extension moment (p = 0.002, ηp2 = 0.27), but decreased the peak ankle eversion moment (p = 0.001, ηp2 = 0.35). These findings suggest that the heel-to-toe drop of running shoes significantly influences the running pattern and the loading on lower extremity joints. Running shoes with large drops may be disadvantageous for runners with knee weakness and advantageous for runners with ankle weakness.

scholarly journals USING MOVEMENT SCREENING TESTS AND BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS TO DIFFERENTIATE POST-CONCUSSION PEDIATRIC SOCCER ATHLETES FROM HEALTHY CONTROLS

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4_suppl3) ◽  
pp. 2325967120S0014
Author(s):  
Scott O. Burkhart
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Biomechanical Analysis ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Lower Extremity Injury ◽  
Extremity Injury ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Movement Screening ◽  
Deep Squat ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Recently, 2 controlled prospective studies of collegiate student-athletes identified 1.6 to 2.5 increased risk of subsequent lower extremity injury following concussion (Books et al., 2016; Lynall et al., 2015). The purpose of the study is to determine the potential clinical utility and application of the Functional Movement Screen (FMS), Y Balance Test (YBT), Tuck Jump Assessment (TJA), and Landing Error Scoring System (LESS) in a sample of post-concussion soccer athletes and a sample of healthy age and gender matched soccer athlete controls to identify differences. Differentiation was defined as significance in raw score performance on the FMS, YBT, TJA, LESS. Prospective data was collected on lower extremity injury within 6-months post-concussion. Methods: The study participants were administered the FMS, YBT, TJA, and LESS in successive order by a licensed athletic trainer. All measures were administered in a biomechanical lab setting. Post-concussion soccer athletes were administered the FMS, YBT, TJA, and LESS after receiving formal medical clearance from a licensed physician. Post-concussion soccer athletes were matched with healthy soccer athlete controls by age, gender, and years of participation. All study participants were administered screening measures at rest. All demographic and raw data were summarized using descriptive statistics with point estimates and 95% confidence intervals calculated for all end points. Independent sample t-tests were performed at <0.05 to measure significant differences between groups. Results: 50 (17 female, 33 male; mean age=14.1; mean years of participation=6.8) post-concussion soccer athletes and 50 (17 female, 33 male; mean age=14.3; mean years of participation=6.7) matched soccer athlete controls were administered the FMS, YBT, TJA, and LESS. Significant differences were observed between the post-concussion and control groups on FMS Deep Squat ( t=-9.76, p=<0.001), Inline Lung ( t=-8.43, p=<0.001), and LESS total score (t=-9.21, p=<0.001). No other significant differences were observed. Conclusions: The current study identified the FMS, YBT, TJA, and LESS as potential movement screening tests in which differences could be observed in a sample of post-concussion and healthy control soccer athletes. Results from the current study identified specific differences between groups with respect to movement screening test performance on the FMS Deep Squat, Inline Lunge, and LESS total score. Further research is warranted to clearly define the observed differences. Clinicians should consider these findings when providing recommendations and discussing recovery in concussion patients.

Open versus Closed Kinetic Chain Rehabilitation of the Lower Extremity: A Functional and Biomechanical Analysis

1994 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose E. Rivera
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Muscular Activity ◽  
Biomechanical Analysis ◽  
Kinetic Chain ◽  
Functional Rehabilitation ◽  
Functional Activities ◽  
Closed Chain ◽  
Closed Kinetic Chain ◽  
Open Versus ◽  
Rehabilitation Exercises

Closed kinetic chain and functional rehabilitation have lately received increased attention in the rehabilitation community. The purpose of this paper is to review biomechanical considerations applicable to the lower extremity, in a way that clearly justifies the use of functionally sound rehabilitation exercises. The origin of the kinetic chain concept is reviewed, and the differences in biomechanical events in the foot, ankle, and knee under open versus closed chain conditions are described. An analysis of these biomechanical events supports the notion that function results from the integration of muscles and joints to achieve desired outcomes. This leads to the conclusion that rehabilitation exercises, in order to be functional, must demand integration of muscular activity, must be of a closed kinetic chain nature, and must challenge the utilization of normal proprioceptive mechanisms. Guidelines for the practical application of these principles are clearly outlined, and examples of functional activities are described. Readers are encouraged to explore creative and challenging approaches to help clients achieve their highest level of function.

Influence of Shoe Construction on Lower Extremity Kinematics and Load during Lateral Movements in Tennis

1986 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 166-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon M. Luethi ◽  
Edward C. Frederick ◽  
Michael R. Hawes ◽  
Benno M. Nigg
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Mechanical Load ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
Test Period ◽  
Biomechanical Analysis ◽  
Internal Load ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Load Conditions

The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of footwear on the kinematics and the mechanical load on the lower extremities during fast lateral movements in tennis. The method used was a prospective study. Two types of tennis shoes were randomly distributed among 229 tennis players. The subjects were measured before starting a 3-month test period. The study showed that the kinematics of the lower extremities and internal load conditions during fast lateral movements in tennis are highly influenced by the type of shoe worn. The results further suggest that a prospective biomechanical analysis can be used to establish assumptions concerning the etiology of pain and injuries in sports related activities.

Biomechanical analysis for the study of muscle contributions to support load carrying

2010 ◽  
Vol 224 (6) ◽  
pp. 1287-1298 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Selk Ghafari ◽  
A Meghdari ◽  
G R Vossoughi
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Motor Task ◽  
Load Carriage ◽  
Biomechanical Analysis ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Muscle Coordination ◽  
Individual Muscle

The objective of this study was to quantify individual muscle function differences between level walking and backpack load carriage at the same speed by using a muscle-actuated forward dynamics simulation. As experimental investigations have revealed that backpack loads of up to 64 per cent of an individual's body mass have little effect on the sagittal plane gait kinema-tics, further biomechanical analyses are necessary to investigate the contributions of individual muscle coordination strategies to achieve a given motor task by mechanical power generation, absorption, and transference to each body segment. A biomechanical framework consisting of a musculoskeletal model actuated by 18 Hill-type musculotendon actuators per leg and a non-linear suspension model of a backpack equipped with shoulder straps and waist belt was utilized to perform the simulation study. An optimization framework based on minimizing the muscle energy consumption was employed to investigate the muscle load sharing mechanism during simulation of the movements under investigation. Estimated muscle activations were in good agreement with the salient features of the corresponding electromyographic recordings of the major lower extremity muscles. Furthermore, simulated joint kinematics closely tracked experimental quantities with root-mean-squared errors less than one degree. Segmental power analysis for individual muscles was performed to elucidate the muscle's contribution to body support and forward progression in load carriage. Comparing muscle functions during the activities under investigation illustrated the different functional performance of the lower extremity muscles and the capability of the joints and segments to reduce the transmission of force during load carriage.

Quantifying Bilateral Joint Contributions during Three Variations of the Step Exercise

2006 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 254-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean P. Flanagan ◽  
Kara M. Kessans ◽  
George J. Salem
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Joint Torque ◽  
Biomechanical Analysis ◽  
Main Outcome Measure ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
Type Design ◽  
Step Down

Context:Information regarding how the mechanical demand differs with variants of the step exercise may be used by clinicians to more appropriately prescribe lower-extremity exercise.Objective:To quantify the joint torque contributions of the lower extremity during three different step exercises: forward step-up (FS), lateral step-up (LS), and step-down (SD).Design:An experiment with a repeated measures design.Setting:Biomechanics laboratory.Participants:18 healthy subjects (9 men, 9 women, age 25.67 ± 4.23 years, height 1.73 ± 0.10 meters, mass 72.73 ± 10.67 kilograms).Intervention:Participants performed three sets of three repetitions of each exercise while instrumented for biomechanical analysis.Main Outcome Measure:Mechanical effort of the hip, knee, and ankle of both limbs during each exercise.Results:The greatest contribution from the hip was required during the FS, while the contribution from the knee was required during the SD. The greatest contribution from the ankle was required during the LS and SD.Conclusion:Choice of step exercise results in different distributions of mechanical demand across the lower extremities.

A patient-specific lower extremity biomechanical analysis of a knee orthotic during a deep squat movement

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Walck Christine ◽  
Huayamave Victor ◽  
Osbahr Daryl ◽  
Furman Todd ◽  
Farnese Tyler
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Biomechanical Analysis ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Deep Squat
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