FORMULASI SEDIAAN SALEP EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN ALPUKAT (Persea americana Mill.) SEBAGAI ANTIACNE

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 224
Author(s):  
Yulistia Budianti Soemarie ◽  
Tri Astuti ◽  
Nur Rochmah
Keyword(s):  
Side Effect ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Natural Materials ◽  
Peg 400 ◽  
Synthetic Chemicals ◽  
Peg 4000 ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermis ◽  
Acne Treatment

Currently, the development of acne drugs (antiacne) use  many natural materials because the natural materials can minimize the side effect if compared with synthetic chemicals drugs. Acne can caused by propionibacterium acnes, staphylococcus epidermis and staphylococcus aureu. One of plants that can be used for acne treatment is leaves of Avocado (Persea americana Mill). The aim of this study was to know whether the ethanol extract of leaves of avocado (Persea americana Mill.) can be made into an ointment preparations that fulfill the requirements. Sample in this research was extract of avocado leaves which used maceration method. The ointment formulations were made into some variation concentrations of PEG 400 and PEG 4000: Formula I (30%:70%); Formula II (50%:50%) and Formula III (70%:30%). The results show that the ointment of avocado leaves which fulfilled the requirements of physical properties is formula III with concentration of PEG 400 70 % and PEG 4000 30 %

scholarly journals The Effectiveness Test of Betel Leaf Ethanol Extract Cream (Piper Betle Linn) Toward Propionibacterium acnes Bacterial Growth

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
Resva Meinisasti ◽  
Zamharira Muslim ◽  
Krisyanella ◽  
Raden Sunita
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Active Substance ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Piper Betle ◽  
Betel Leaf ◽  
Acne Treatment

Background: One of skin diseases that is frequently taking attention among teenagers and young adults is acne or in medical term called acne vulgaris. Acne treatment can be treated by repairing follicular abnormalities, decreasing sebum production, decreasing the number of Propionibacterium acnes colonies and reducing inflammation of the skin. The bacterial population of Propionibacterium acnes can be reduced by giving an antibacterial substance such as erythromycin, clindamycin and benzoyl peroxide. In the treatment of acne we can get antibacterial originating from nature, one of which can be obtained in the secondary metabolism of plants. The extracts and essential oils of betel leaf contain antibacterial and antifungal activities. The effectiveness of the use of betel leaf ethanol extract (Piper betle Linn) in acne treatment can be improved by creating formulations in form of cream preparations. Formulations in cream preparations will affect the amount and speed of active substances that can be absorbed. Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of the ethanol extract cream of betel leaf (piper betle linn) cream in formulas with what percentage of active substance has the most-inhibitory effect on the growth of Propionibacterium acnes. Methods:The study used experimental research. Propionibacterium acnes samples were diluted in 0.9% physiological NaCl sterile and embedded in Nutrient Agar (NA) media. The media was inserted into an incubator at 37 ° C for 24 hours. The test of antibacterial activity used the disk diffusion method. The antibacterial activity test results were statistically analyzed using the Statistical Product Services Solution (SPSS 17) program with a confidence level of 95% (α = 0.05). Results: The three creams containing betel leaf ethanol extracts at percentages of 5%, 10% and 15% for each had inhibitory zones: 9.8 mm, 15.85 mm, 17.35 mm. Conclusion: Cream that contains 15% active substance has the strongest inhibition.

scholarly journals THE FORMULATION OF PEEL-OFF MASK FROM THE ETHANOL EXTRACT OF BILIMBI LEAVES (Averrhoa blimbi L.) AS ANTI-ACNE TREATMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irma Zarwinda ◽  
Fauziah Fauziah ◽  
Jumirna Jumirna ◽  
Azmalina Adriani
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Chemistry Laboratory ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Paper Disk ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermis ◽  
Acne Treatment

This research aims to formulate and assess the efficacy of the peel-off mask as an anti-acne of ethanol extract from bilimbi leaves (Averrhoa bilimbi L.).  The method used was an experiment, evaluating the extract through the inhibition test of Staphylococcus epidermis bacteria with the paper disk diffusion method. The peel-off mask formulation added the extract with a concentration of 7% (F1), 9% (F2), 11% (F3), and without using extract (F0). The Peel-off mask preparation testing includes the detection of scents, colours, irritation checks, and the determination of peel-off anti-acne mask efficacy. This study was carried out at Akafarma of Banda Aceh and the Chemistry laboratory of FKIP Unsyiah. The findings of the inhibition zone for Staphylococcus epidermis bacteria at extract concentrations of 100%, 75%, 50% and 25% were 15 mm, 12 mm, 11 mm and 10 mm, respectively. The four peel-off mask formulas were gel, homogeneous, brown, with the distinctive scent of bilimbi leaves, and did not irritate the volunteers’ skin. The average decline in acne before and after using the mask for any formula (F0, FI, FII, and FIII) was 19.64%, 22.63%, 28.75% and 50%, respectively. The peel-off mask of ethanol extract of bilimbi leaves (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) is effective as an anti-acne treatment.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity Test of Extracts and Fractions of Cassava Leaves (Manihot esculenta Crantz) against Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes Causing Acne

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Resmi Mustarichie ◽  
Sulistiyaningsih Sulistyaningsih ◽  
Dudi Runadi
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Active Fraction ◽  
Cassava Leaves ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

This study is aimed at determining antibacterial activity from ethanol extracts and the most active fraction of cassava leaves against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes. Research carried out by the experimental method involved determination of plants, extraction with maceration method, fractionation with liquid-liquid extraction, antibacterial activity testing of extracts and fractions by agar diffusion method, determination of most active fraction from the extract, and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) testing of most active fraction by microdilution method. The results showed that ethanol extracts of cassava leaves had antibacterial activity against both bacteria with the most active fraction indicated by ethyl acetate. MIC values of ethyl acetate fraction against S. epidermidis were in the concentration range of 2.5%–5.0% (w/v) and against P. acnes were in the concentration range of 1.25%–2.5% (w/v). The MBC value of ethyl acetate fraction against S. epidermidis was at a concentration of 5% (w/v), while P. acnes was at a concentration of 2.5% (w/v). From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the ethanol extract of cassava leaves (Manihot esculenta Crantz) has antibacterial activity against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis as well as on Propionibacterium acnes. The fraction with the best activity from the ethanol extract of cassava leaves to the two test bacteria was shown by ethyl acetate fraction. It is suggested that cassava leaves are possible to be developed into standardized antiacne herbal.

scholarly journals Antihyperglycemic activity of Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. leaf ethanol extract SNEDDS in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 184-188
Author(s):  
Farida Hayati ◽  
Lutfi Chabib ◽  
Faiza Dea Sekarraras ◽  
Wan Syarifah Faizah
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Solution ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Peg 400 ◽  
Good Preparation

Abstract This study aimed to identify the effectiveness of SNEDDS of Pegagan Leaf Ethanol Extract (PLE) to reduce fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels in zebrafish. Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. or pegagan is among the medicinal plants widely used to treat diabetes in Indonesia. Maceration was employed with 70% ethanol to obtain a viscous extract for the formulation of SNEDDS with Capryol 90, Tween 80, and PEG 400 (1:6:3). Antihyperglycemic testing was conducted on five groups, consisting of normal, positive control, negative control, P I treatment, and P II treatment. On Day 1, all except the normal group was induced with 300 mg alloxan and soaked in 2% glucose solution for 7 days. On day 8, the treatment consisted of 25 mg/2 L metformin for the positive control, 100 mg/2 L SNEDDS for P I, 200 mg/2 L SNEDDS for P II, and no treatment for the negative control. The SNEDDS characterization obtained 100.6 ± 3.12 nm particle size and −7.93 ± 0.66 mV zeta potential, indicating that the SNEDDS had fulfilled the requirements of good preparation. The antidiabetic activity test found a 69.90% decline in FBG levels in 100 mg/2 L SNEDDS and 72.20% in 200 mg/2 L SNEDDS.

scholarly journals PENGARUH VARIASI KONSENTRASI EKSTRAK DAUN BELIMBING WULUH (Averrhoa bilimbi L) TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK SEDIAAN SALEP DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN BASIS PEG 4000 dan PEG 400

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Tri Puji Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Homogeneity Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Peg 400 ◽  
Cell Tissue ◽  
Peg 4000 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ointment Formulation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
One Way Anova

ABSTRAK Daun Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L) memiliki kandungan tanin dan flavonoid. Kandungan Flavonoid dan Tanin yang terdapat dalam belimbing wuluh mampu memberikan efek untuk menyembuhkan kulit yang mengalami kerusakan jaringan sel akibat luka bakar. Ada beberapa cara untuk pemanfaatan Daun Belimbing Wuluh antara lain dengan dibuat dalam sediaan salep. Pada penelitian ini salep dibuat dengan variasi konsentrasi ekstrak daun belimbing wuluh sebesar 10%, 15%, dan 20%  mengguankan basis PEG 4000 dan PEG 400. Ekstrak daun belimbing wuluh diperoleh menggunakan metode maserasi dengan menggunakan etanol 70% sebagai pelarutnya. Salep yang sudah dibuat kemudian dilakukan uji karakteristik meliputi uji organoleptis, homogenitas, daya lekat dan uji daya sebar. Hasil uji organoleptis dan homogenitas di analisa secara deskrisptif kemudian hasil uji daya lekat dan uji daya sebar di analisa dengan menggunakan analisa statistik one-way ANOVA.  Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa salep berbentuk semipadat dengan warna hijau muda sampai hijau kehitaman. Hasil uji homogenitas di dapatkan untuk ketiga formula adalah homogen. Nilai daya sebar pada ketiga formula menunjukan perbedaan yang signifikan, pada hasil uji daya lekat dan pH didapatkan tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan terhadap ketiga formulasi. Dengan demikian perbedaan konsentrasi zat aktif yang digunakan berpengaruh terhadap daya sebar sediaan salep ekstrak daun belimbing wuluh. Kata kunci: Averrhoa bilimbi L; Salep; PEG   ABSTRACT Carambola leaf Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L) contains tannins and flavonoids. The content of flavonoids and tannins contained in starfruit able to give effect to heal skin damaged cell tissue from burns. There were several ways for  utilization  of  Averrhoa  bilimbi  L.  among  others,  made  some  preparations, especially ointment formulation. This study aims to formulate leaf extract ointment preparation starfruit (Averrhoa bilimbi L) with various concentrations of 10%, 15%, and 20% using the PEG 4000 and PEG 400 as a base. Leaf extract obtained from meserasi leaf Averrhoa bilimbi  L  with  70%  ethanol. The ointment that has been made is then subjected to characteristic tests including organoleptic tests, homogeneity, adhesion and spreadability tests. The results of the organoleptic test and homogeneity were analyzed descriptively, then the results of the adhesion test and the spreadability test were analyzed using one-way ANOVA statistical analysis. The results showed that the ointment was semisolid, light green to blackish green. The homogeneity test results obtained for the three formulas are homogeneous. The value of the spreadability of the three formulas showed a significant difference, the results of the adhesion and pH test showed no significant difference between the three formulations. Thus the difference in the concentration of the active substance used affects the spreadability of the starfruit leaf extract ointment. Keywords: Averrhoa bilimbi L; ointment; PEG

scholarly journals POTENSI GEL ANTIACNE EKSTRAK BUAH PARIJOTO (Medinilla speciosa Blume) TERHADAP BAKTERI PENYEBAB JERAWAT Propionibacterium acnes DAN Staphylococcus epidermis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-123
Author(s):  
Lilis Sugiarti ◽  
Ayun Muzlifah
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermis

Jerawat merupakan suatu keadaan dimana terjadi penyumbatan pada saluran kelenjar minyak dalam kulit sehingga mengalami peradangan. Bakteri yang memicu peradangan pada kulit yaitu bakteri Propionibacterium acnes dan Staphylococcus epidermis. Buah parijoto memiliki kandungan senyawa seperti tanin, saponin, flavonoid, dan glikosida dan memiliki kemampuan sebagai antibakteri. Pada penelitian ini ekstrak buah parijoto diformulasikan dalam bentuk sediaan gel karena gel dapat menghantarkan obat dengan baik ke kulit. Aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan menggunakan metode sumuran dengan berbagai konsentrasi. Sebagai kontrol negatif digunakan DMSO (sebagai pelarut gel), dan sebagai kontrol positif digunakan gel antiacne merk “X” dengan kandungan bahan aktif alkohol. Evaluasi sediaan meliputi pemeriksaan organoleptis seperti bau, warna, bentuk serta homogenitas, pH, dan pengujian daya sebar. Dalam sediaan gel ekstrak buah parijoto memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Propionibacterium acnes dan Staphylococcus epidermis. Sediaan gel ektrak buah parijoto dengan berbagai konsentrasi ekstrak  (6,25%, 12,5%, 25%, 50%, dan 100 %) menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan terhadap Propionibacterium acnes (p=0,000) dan Staphylococcus epidermis (p=0,002). Hasil evaluasi karakteristik gel antiacne ekstrak buah parijoto menunjukkan pH sediaan memenuhi persyaratan, gel berwarna coklat kehijauan, memiliki homogenitas dan daya sebar yang baik. Kata kunci : Antibakteri, Medinilla speciosa Blume, Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Gel antijerawat.

Effect of Ground Vulcanizate Modification Methods on Properties of Oil-Petroleum-Resistant Rubber

2021 ◽  
Vol 903 ◽  
pp. 127-133
Author(s):  
Vadim Myadelets ◽  
Vjaceslavs Lapkovskis ◽  
Andrey V. Kasperovich
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Nature ◽  
Nitrile Rubber ◽  
Rubber Crumb ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Compression Set ◽  
Peg 400 ◽  
Peg 4000 ◽  
Modification Method ◽  
Resistant Rubber ◽  
Set Up

In this paper, the influence of the modification method applied to ground vulcanizate (GV) on the properties of elastomeric compositions based on nitrile rubber is discussed. Modified GV has been mixed with the elastomeric composition, which is used for the manufacturing of oil-petroleum-resistant rubber products.The work takes into consideration two types of GV with different chemical nature. The first GV type is rubber crumb produced from end-of-life tires. The second GV type was obtained from rubber wastes based on nitrile rubber. Three methods of the modification are compared in the research: mechanical activation in a planetary ball mill, swelling in a Polyethylene glycol (PEG-400) medium, and the mechano-chemical transformation of GV with PEG-4000. It is shown that depending on the dosage addition of GV modified with PEG-4000 reduce the compression set up for (16.1±0.7%), the strength decreases only by 2.1–8.3%, and the elongation at break increases by 0.8–10.3% compared to rubber without additives.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF BAWANG DAYAK (ELEUTHERINE SP.) AND HATI TANAH (ANGIOPTERIS SP.) AND THEIR COMBINATION AGAINST PROPIONIBACTERIUM ACNES

2019 ◽  
pp. 11-13
Author(s):  
SUSI NOVARYATIIN
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
The Other ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Diffusion Technique ◽  
Inhibition Zones

Objective: The objective of this research was to investigate the preliminary phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity of Bawang Dayak(Eleutherine sp.) and Hati Tanah (Angiopteris sp.) and their combination against Propionibacterium acnes.Methods: The extracts were used for phytochemical screening. Antibacterial activity was performed using disc diffusion technique, with twovariations of the concentration of 5% and 10% for each extracts, and combination of both extracts with three combinations: (1) 5%: 5%, (2) 5%: 10%, and (3) 10%: 5%.Results: Both extracts contained tannins, saponins, and steroids. The antibacterial activity against P. acnes showed that the inhibition zones ofBawang Dayak ethanol extract were 6.1±1.5 mm (5%) and 8.7±1.3 mm (10%). On the other hand, the inhibition zones of Hati Tanah ethanol extract were 4.0±1.6 mm (5%) and 9.2±2.5 mm (10%). The inhibition zones produced in combinations 1, 2, and 3 were 5.8±0.3 mm, 10.8±2.0 mm, and 15.5±2.8 mm, respectively.Conclusion: In this study showed the presence of tannins, saponins, and steroids that might be responsible for antibacterial activity in both extract. The best antibacterial activity was produced by combining the two extracts (combination 3).

scholarly journals THE ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF BAWANG DAYAK (ELEUTHERINE BULBOSA (MILL.) URB.) FROM CENTRAL KALIMANTAN AGAINST ACNE-CAUSING BACTERIA

2019 ◽  
pp. 22-25
Author(s):  
SUSI NOVARYATIIN ◽  
SYAHRIDA DIAN ARDHANY
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Central Kalimantan ◽  
Diffusion Technique ◽  
Inhibition Zones ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents

Objective: The objective of this research was to investigate the antibacterial activity of bawang dayak from Central Kalimantan against acne-causingbacteria namely Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Staphylococcus aureus.Methods: The preliminary phytochemical constituents were qualitatively analyzed. Antibacterial activity of bawang dayak ethanol extract wasperformed using disc-diffusion technique, with five variations of concentration of 1.25%, 2.5%, 5%, 10%, and 20%.Results: Bawang dayak extract contained flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and tannins. The inhibition zones of bawang dayak ethanol extract in fivevarious concentrations (1.25%, 2.5%, 5%, 10%, and 20%) were 7.0±1.3 mm, 8.5±0.6 mm, 9.9±0.3 mm, 11.2±0.1 mm, and 11.9±0.3 mm against P. acnes;18.8±3.3 mm, 21.9±3.3 mm, 20.8±0.6 mm, 22.0±0.2 mm, and 23.1±0.6 mm against S. epidermidis; and 14.3±3.1 mm, 13.5±0.9 mm, 14.7±1.5 mm,16.1±1.0 mm, and 20.1±0.6 mm against S. aureus, respectively.Conclusion: This present study showed that bawang dayak ethanol extract was active against all the tested acne-causing bacteria. The highestantibacterial activity was produced by 20% of bawang dayak ethanol extract against S. epidermidis.

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