scholarly journals Gender Blindness on Turkish Children’s Televisions

Tripodos ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 57-73
Author(s):  
Zeynep GULTEKIN AKCAY
Keyword(s):  
Text Analysis ◽  
Children's Television ◽  
Behavioral Characteristics ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male Characters ◽  
Gender Hierarchy ◽  
The Media ◽  
Spatial Presentation ◽  
Gender Based

The representation of the dominant gender-based discourse on television inevitably affects children’s perceptions of masculinity and femininity. Gender blindness, the embodiment of gender hierarchy in which gender differences are exaggerated and attributed to natural differences between men and women, is inevitably used in the media, especially in children’s broadcasting. This study aims to reveal the gender blindness in children’s television on Turkey’s only thematic children’s television stations Minika GO and Minika Cocuk’, focusing on all local productions aired in 2020. Stuart Hall’s conceptualization of representation debates and text analysis expressed as constructing the meaning world of relationships and collective culture, guided the study. The representations are conveyed to the audience through the narration of the story in the animations, the plots of the story, the presentation of male and female characters, the use of space and images. In the cartoons, the frequency of female and male characters appearing on the screen, the physical appearance of the characters, their behavioral characteristics, and the spatial presentation in the stories were searched. As a result, it is possible to say that male and female characters are depicted unequally in all the themes studied in animations resulting in gender blindness.

scholarly journals Social Identity and Use of Taboo Words in Angry Mood: A Gender Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hashamdar ◽  
Fahimeh Rafi
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male Characters ◽  
Gender Study ◽  
Taboo Words ◽  
University Degree ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between social identity and the taboo words men and women use in order to express their anger. Moreover, this study went further and investigated the relationship between using taboo words in male and female participants who had a university degree and those who did not. In order to do the research, 20 female and 20 male adults, whose professions were similar in pairs, were randomly selected. The researcher recorded their voices when they were in an angry mood. After recording data, the researcher made a transcription of the first fifty words uttered by each participant. Then, the taboo words- words which were considered offensive or shocking and that were discouraged in public places - were calculated. Finally, the percentage of taboo words used by each participant was calculated and compared to that of the others. The findings of the study confirmed that the percentage of using taboo language by male characters, in different social identities, was much more than that of female characters. On the other hand, by dividing the participants into two groups of those who had a university degree, and those with no university degree, the researcher came to the conclusion that both male and female participants with a university degree used less taboo words than those without a university degree.

scholarly journals Trends in Gender Portrayal in the Avengers Series: A Conventional Content Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haley Morales ◽  
Daniel Olivo
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Common Elements ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male Characters ◽  
Conventional Content Analysis ◽  
Over Time

The Bechdel test, used to examine the frequency and portrayal of women in film, consists of three criteria – (1) a movie must represent two or more women, (2) who have names and speak to each other, (3) about anything other than a man. In order to answer the research question “Based on the Bechdel test, how does the Avengers series portray their female characters compared to their male characters?”, this paper utilizes and extends beyond the Bechdel test by performing a conventional content analysis of same-gender conversations in four top-grossing superhero films – Marvel’s The Avengers (2012), Avengers: Age of Ultron (2015), Avengers: Infinity War (2018), and Avengers: Endgame (2019). By combining the simplicity of the Bechdel test with a qualitative approach to code dialogue, this paper illustrates the underrepresentation of female characters and specific differences between the portrayal of men and women in modern Marvel films. While the films improved in the amount of female characters and female-to-female conversations over time, there is still a small amount of female-to-female conversations in these films compared to male-to-male conversations. Furthermore, while male characters rarely spoke to each other about women, female characters spoke to each other about men very often. Some common elements of dialogue for both male and female characters were worries about danger, discussions of violence, and insulting others. Implications regarding this portrayal’s impact on female viewers are discussed.

“Trust no one”: Narrative Complexity and Character Opacity in Damages

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-146
Author(s):  
Michael Butter
Keyword(s):  
Female Characters ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Protagonists ◽  
Male Characters ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Withholding Information

Abstract This article analyzes the first season of Damages (2007) as an early example of the representation of ‘difficult’ women on television. More specifically, I investigate the relationship between the show’s character conception and its complex narration. I argue that all the major male and female characters on the show are ‘difficult’ in the sense that the audience experiences close alignment but troubled allegiance to them. However, the two female protagonists – top-notch lawyer Patty Hewes and her young and initially idealistic associate Ellen Parsons – are also opaque characters about whose thoughts and plans the audience is largely left in the dark. This opacity is mirrored and enhanced by the narration, which constantly teases the audience by withholding information about the plot, suggests inferences that then turn out to be wrong, and generally provides far more insight into the male characters than into the female characters.

Ratio of Male and Female Characters in a Dream Series

1998 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 198-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Schredl ◽  
Sarah Jacob
Keyword(s):  
Situational Factors ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Gender Ratio ◽  
Continuity Hypothesis ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male Characters ◽  
Dream Characters

The present study investigated the change in gender ratio of dream characters in relation to the dreamer's environment in waking-life and found a preponderance of male characters in the subject's dream while living in a ‘male’ environment which was not present while living in a ‘female’ environment. The results support the continuity hypothesis of dreaming and stress the importance of situational factors rather than personality factors in the explanation of the gender ratio of dream characters.

scholarly journals Conversational Style of Male and Female Characters in Game of Thrones Season 8

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 573-586
Author(s):  
Tati Khumairoh ◽  
Mirjam Anugerahwati
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male Characters ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Conversational Style ◽  
Linguistic Behavior ◽  
Game Of Thrones

Abstract: This study aims to find out what are conversational features used by male and female characters in Game of Thrones season 8, how it is represented in their conversation, and how power and social status affect characters' linguistic behavior. This study used a descriptive qualitative research design. The data of this study are twenty-two conversations taken from episode 1 up to episode 6 of season 8. There are four conversational style features discussed in this study: (1) talkativeness, (2) interruption, (3) compliments, and (4) minimal responses. The results show that all four features are found in the conversations, but they are manipulated differently by male and female characters. Also, the use of gender conversational style features in this case seems universal. Female characters are more talkative which confirms the theory of women’s language. Male characters also use female conversational style more frequently in terms of minimal responses and compliments. However, power plays an important role in this case since it enables characters to be more dominant which reflects that gender is not the only factor to control the conversation. Keywords: compliments, conversational style, interruptions, minimal response, talkativeness Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gaya percakapan yang digunakan oleh pemeran pria dan wanita dalam serial berjudul Game of Thrones Season 8, bagaimana gaya tersebut direpresentasikan dalam percakapannya, dan bagaimana kekuasaan dan status sosial mempengaruhi perilaku linguistik karakter. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Data dalam penelitian ini adalah dua puluh dua percakapan yang diambil dari episode 1 hingga episode 6 di season 8. Ada empat fitur gaya percakapan yang dibahas dalam penelitian ini: (1) tingkat keaktifan berbicara, (2) interupsi, (3) pujian, dan (4) tanggapan minimal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keempat fitur ditemukan dalam series ini, namun dipraktekkan secara berbeda oleh karakter pria dan wanita. Selain itu, penggunaan fitur gaya percakapan gender dalam hal ini terkesan universal. Karakter perempuan lebih banyak bicara yang mana mendukung teori gaya bahasa wanita. Karakter pria juga lebih sering menggunakan gaya percakapan wanita dalam hal memberikan tanggapan minimal dan pujian. Namun, kekuasaan memainkan peran penting dalam hal ini karena memungkinkan karakter lebih dominan dan menjelaskan bahwa gender bukan satu-satunya faktor yang mengendalikan percakapan. Kata kunci: gaya percakapan, interupsi, respon minimal, pujian

scholarly journals Language of Feminine Consciousness A reading of the Novel (The Beloveds “Al-Muhboubat”) by (Aliyah Mamdouh)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr Maha Farouk Abdul Qader Al-Hindaw
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
American University ◽  
Male Characters ◽  
Quantitative Content ◽  
Different Levels

This research is an attempt to reveal the manifestations of (Homosexuality), which is any attitude, deed or language issued by both men and women that says the inferiority of the female, and how women resist it at different levels, the most important of which is (language) in an Iraqi novelist text (Al- Muhboobat) by (Aliyah). Mamdouh) published by Dar Al- Saqi in Beirut in 2003, and the recipient of the Naguib Mahfouz Prize for Novel from the American University in Cairo in 2004. The method followed in this study was the analytical method, which came on three levels: 1. Quantitative content analysis: in which the number of male and female characters as they appeared in the novelistic text was compared. 2. The qualitative analysis of the content: It included a comparison between the specifications given to the male and female characters in the novelistic text. 3. Analyzing the homosexuality of the dominant language in the text: by which we mean the way in which language is employed in this text. The research concluded that the number of female characters exceeded the male characters in the novel. Andthe heroine’s desire for rejection, Suhaila, to the reality of tyranny and the invasion that she suffered in the homeland and exile through the rejection letter that represented her in the novel, in contrast to the state of complacency, surrender, and weakness suffered by the son Nader, which was represented by the letter of his machine that he adopted in the novel.

Taxonomy and natural history of 18 Ropalidia species (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) of Madagascar

2012 ◽  
Vol 155 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 133-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leo H.M. Blommers
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male Characters ◽  
History Of ◽  
Field Notes

Eighteen species of Ropalidia Guérin-Méneville, 1831 of Madagascar are treated, viz. those of which females and males were found together on one or more nests in the 1970s. The main purpose is to define the species by male and female characters since the latter alone are insufficient to distinguish closely related species. Ten new species are described: R. cocoscola, R. cauponae, R. merina, R. mysterica, R. favulorum, R. kojimai, R. rosae, R. cincinnata, R. perplexa and R. linearecta. R. flavoviridis Kojima, 1998 is a valid species, not a synonym of R. dubia (de Saussure, 1853). Seven species are redescribed with emphasis on male characters: R. shestakowi (von Schulthess, 1931), R. grandidieri (de Saussure, 1890), R. variabilis (de Saussure, 1890), R. phalansterica (de Saussure, 1853), R. carinata (de Saussure, 1890), R. dubia (de Saussure, 1853) and R. fraterna (de Saussure, 1900). Field notes on shape and location of nests are summarized and numbers of foundresses and subdominant females, as far as determined by dissection, reported. Various eulophid and tachinid parasitoids emerged from the nests; an attack by the ichneumonid Hemipimpla pulchripennis (de Saussure, 1890) is described.

Gendered Verbal Dynamics: Sensitive Men and Explicit Women

2018 ◽  
pp. 128-158
Author(s):  
Jennifer O'Meara
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Complex Representation ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Independent Cinema ◽  
Male Characters ◽  
Alternate Forms ◽  
Gendered Stereotypes

This chapter focuses on gendered verbal dynamics in selected American independent cinema. Male and female characters are found to resist internalised ideals of gendered speech, both in relation to cinema and society more generally. Their dialogue, including in voice-overs, offers more nuanced representations of what type of speech is ‘appropriate’ for males or females, revealing a refusal to divide characters’ verbal styles on the basis of gendered stereotypes. The language of male characters is found to advance a complex representation of vulnerable and expressive masculinity. They are allowed to remain silent, to voice their deepest feelings, or to verbally align themselves with homosexuality and alternate forms of masculinity. Through speech that is considered ‘unruly’ or ‘unladylike’, female characters are also found to have a verbal freedom that is at odds with more conservative estimations of female film dialogue. Partly through profane language and an unrepentant discussion of sexuality, women in American independent cinema can break away from the norms for how women tend to speak in more mainstream cinema. Case studies include women’s verbal victories in Whit Stillman’s Love & Friendship (2016).

scholarly journals TO INTERPRET HAMLET AS AN EVERLASTING ROLE IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF “RESONANCE” AND “WONDER”

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
Sifan Gao
Keyword(s):  
Female Characters ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male Characters

The studies on the play Hamlet has been numerous since the play occupies a most special and important place in all Shakespeare’s plays. The focuses of all these studies can be divided into the analysis on the theme, personalities of male and female characters, the reason of the tragedy and so on. In this essay, many evidences and interpretations will be provided to illustrate Hamlet as a “Wonder” in this play. The word “Wonder” is first put forward by Stephen Greenblatt in his essay titled, “Resonance and Wonder”. This article will mainly focus on the interpretation of the wonders in Hamlet’s lines addressed to these three male characters, Claudius the King, Polonius, Hamlet’s only trusted friend Horatio and his school fellows Rosencrantz and Guildenstern. All those wonders will be divided into three categories, the discussion on dualism, individualism and the disorder of the time, which as a whole will present Hamlet as a role leading reader to wonder and to resonate. The last part will serve as a conclusion of the above and try to provide a deeper understanding of the reason causing this tragedy.

scholarly journals A Feminist Stylistic Analysis of Characterisation in Doris Lessings A Woman on a Roof

2019 ◽  
Vol IV (III) ◽  
pp. 309-316
Author(s):  
Abdul Qayyum ◽  
Mujib Rahman ◽  
Henna Gul Nisar
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Stylistic Analysis ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male Characters ◽  
Representational Practices ◽  
The People

In her book Feminist Stylistics, Sara Mills (1995) argues that characters in texts are not simulacra of humans. They are merely words which represent men and women in accordance with stereotypes that are found in society. This study takes up D. Lessings short story A Woman on a Roof (1963/1990) and looks at the characterisation in it by using Mills model (1995) at the level of discourse. The aim of the study is to find out whether the representation of male and female characters in this story is gendered or not. The results of the study show that female characters are represented negatively while the male characters are represented positively. On the basis of these findings, it is recommended that these representational practices need to change in order to bring about a change in the thinking of the people.

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