scholarly journals Comparative use of oyster shell and limestone as sources of calcium in the diet of laying chickens

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 275-281
Author(s):  
A. A. Mako ◽  
A. O. Mosuro ◽  
B. S. Adedeji ◽  
F. O. Jemiseye ◽  
T. Abokede
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Oyster Shell ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Dietary Calcium ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Shell Weight

Egg producers primarily use oyster shell or limestone as supplemental sources of dietary calcium. This study was conducted to investigate the efficiencies of limestone (CaCo3 ) and oyster shell as calcium sources in the diets of laying hens. Ninety, 58 weeks old Golden Comet Hubbard laying birds were randomly allotted to three treatments of three replicates. Each replicate had 10 birds per replicate. Three different rations were formulated for the study. To include Diet 1 as the control, a diet with bone meal (46%) and oyster shell (54%). Diet 2 had oyster shell and bone meal supplying 82% and 18% of the dietary calcium while Diet 3 had 82% and 18% of the dietary calcium supplied by limestone and bone meal respectively. Feed and water were provided ad-libitum. The parameters measured include: Feed intake (g/d); Hen day production (%); Efficiency of feed utilization (kg); Egg and shell weight (g); Bone weight (g); Ash content of bone (%) and Calcium content of bone (%). The study lasted eight weeks. Results revealed that birds on Diet1 had the highest value for feed intake (0.11 g/d) that differed significantly (P<0.05) from the value (0.10 g/d) obtained for Diet 2 and 3 Hen day production for birds on Diet 2 (57.04) and Diet 3 (56.30) were similar, but differed significantly (P<0.05) from birds on Diet 1 (65.44). Efficiency of feed utilization (EFU kg) was not significantly affected by the dietary treatments as birds on Diet1 had the lowest EFU value (1.80) while birds on Diet 2 had the highest EFU value (2.05). A higher percent of eggs within 50-59g were laid by birds on Diet 3, while eggs of 60g and above were laid by birds on Diet 1 (62 g), significant (p<0.05) variations occurred among treatment means for these egg grade. Egg shell percent was not significant, same trend was observed for bone weight. The effect of dietary treatment on the ash content of bones were similar for birds on Diet 2 and 3, except for bone humerus, however, significant (p<0.05) variation occurred between birds on diets 1 and other two Diets. Calcium contents of the different bones were differed significantly (p<0.05) with birds on diet 3 recording the highest values for all bone investigated. It can be concluded from this study that Limestone can replace oyster shell as a source of calcium in the diet of laying hens without deleterious effect.

scholarly journals FEED UTILIZATION AND THE COMPOSITION OF ORGANS OF THREE STRAINS OF LAYING HENS FED CONSTANT ZINC AND VARYING LEVELS OF CALCIUM

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
B. K. Ogunmodede ◽  
E. G. Ijagbuji
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Dietary Calcium ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
Laying Hen ◽  
Tissue Accumulation ◽  
Bone Calcium ◽  
Egg Shell ◽  
The Tropics

At about 16 mg, zinc per 100 gm of diet feed consumed by laying hens increased until a level of 2.0% dietary calcium. Increasing the dietary calcium to 2.0% also stimulated more egg production. When less than 2.0% dietary calcium was fed more feed was required to produce a dozen egg and the eggs were of small sizes. The egg shell strength and the bone calcium were improved when at least 2.0% dietary calcium was given to the laying hen. These results were correlated with tissue accumulation of zinc thus establishing that for profitable egg production in the tropics 2.0% dietary calcium is required when 16 mg zinc per 100 grains of feed is given 

scholarly journals Interactions of genotype, housing and dietary calcium in layer performance, eggshell quality and tibia characteristics

1970 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-293
Author(s):  
E. Tůmová ◽  
J. Vlčková ◽  
V. Charvátová ◽  
O. Drábek ◽  
V. Tejnecký ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Dietary Calcium ◽  
Laying Hen ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Shell Weight ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Eggshell Quality

The study was designed to evaluate the interactions in performance, eggshell quality and tibia traits of two laying hen genotypes, namely a commercial hybrid, Lohmann (LSL), and a traditional breed, the Czech Hen (CH), housed in conventional cages and on litter, and fed two levels of dietary calcium (Ca) (3.5% vs. 3.0%). A significant interaction between genotype, housing and Ca was determined in egg weight. The heaviest eggs were laid by LSL hens housed in cages and fed 3.0% Ca (61.8 g), and the lightest laid by CH, also in cages on 3.0% Ca (47.3 g). Eggshell strength and shell weight were significantly affected by three-way interaction. Czech hens kept in cages and fed 3.0% Ca produced the strongest shells (4480 g/cm2), whereas the CH in cages on 3.5% Ca had the weakest (3665 g/cm2) shells. Hens housed on litter had significantly stronger tibias than hens housed in cages (485 vs. 397 N). With respect to genotype, tibias were stronger in CH. Housing and level Ca in feed had a significant effect on tibia weight. However, none of these factors affected tibia thickness or ash content. Tibia Ca content was higher in caged birds than in those on litter. The results of the study show that interaction between housing, genotype and Ca resulted in large differences in measurements of egg weight and eggshell quality. Tibia characteristics were less affected by the treatments, and no interactions were evident in the variables.

UTILIZATION OF CALCIUM IN CANOLA MEAL SUPPLEMENTED LAYING DIETS

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 1315-1317 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN D. SUMMERS ◽  
DIANE SPRATT ◽  
STEVE LEESON
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Phytic Acid ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Dietary Calcium ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Shell Quality ◽  
High Calcium

White Leghorn pullets were offered a corn, soybean meal laying diet or similar diets containing 15% canola meal. These diets were fed with dietary calcium levels of 3 and 5% and two levels of supplemental phytic acid (0 and 0.2%). A significant decrease in feed intake was noted with the canola meal diets. Poorer shell quality was noted for the canola versus the soybean meal diets, the low vs. high calcium diets and the phytic acid supplemented vs. nonphytic acid supplemented diet. Key words: Canola meal, laying hens, phytic acid, calcium

scholarly journals The Effect of Dietary Calcium Carbonate on Feed Intake and Conversion in Laying Hens

1969 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 1453-1456 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Hurwitz ◽  
S. Bornstein ◽  
A. Bar
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Dietary Calcium

scholarly journals Performance and egg quality of aged laying hens fed diets supplemented with meat and bone meal or oyster shell meal

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
AU Çatlı ◽  
M Bozkurt ◽  
K Küçükyılmaz ◽  
M Çınar ◽  
E Bintas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Oyster Shell ◽  
Meat And Bone Meal ◽  
Bone Meal

scholarly journals Calcium Intake Level as Factor of Influencing of the Eggshell Qualities in Laying Hens

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Ionuț Șerban NEGOIȚĂ ◽  
Rosalie Adina BĂLĂCEANU ◽  
Nicolae DOJANĂ
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Shell Weight ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Calcium Diet ◽  
Intake Level ◽  
Age Dependent

The experiments were carried out on four groups of Hy-Line var. Brown hens (n = 350 each) monitored from 20 to 68 weeks of age. The hens were fed on diets which provided the following calcium intakes (%): 2.56 and 3.12 in groups I and II, respectively, 3.86 in control and 4.22 in group III. The shell weight increased during the laying period proportionally to the ingested calcium. The thickness of the eggshell decreased: the decrease was higher in the groups which ingested less calcium. The eggshell strength increased from 20 to 36 weeks of age in all the hen groups. Further, the eggshell strength decreased from 36 to 68 weeks of age. These decreases were higher as the amount of calcium intake increased. In conclusion, calcium diet influences on eggshell properties are age-dependent and more pronounced at the peak of laying period. The increase in diet calcium content from 3.86 to 4.22% has less and negative influences on the physical properties of the eggshell.

scholarly journals Effect of the Pellet and Mash Feed Forms on the Productive Performance, Egg Quality, Nutrient Metabolism, and Intestinal Morphology of Two Laying Hen Breeds

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 701
Author(s):  
Yi Wan ◽  
Ruiyu Ma ◽  
Anam Khalid ◽  
Lilong Chai ◽  
Renrong Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Laying Hen ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Villus Height ◽  
Nutrient Metabolism ◽  
Feed Form

One of the most important factors that determine feed utilization by chickens is the feed form. Although it is generally believed that pellet diets have a positive effect on chicken growth, there are some studies that have indicated no difference between pellet and mash on chickens performance. This study was conducted to assess the effects of feed form on production performance, egg quality, nutrient metabolism and intestinal morphology in two breed laying hens. Two hundred and sixteen 25-week-old Hy-Line brown (n = 108) and Hy-Line grey (n = 108) hens were selected. Each breed was randomly allocated into two treatments with 6 replications (9 birds in each replication), which were fed mash and pellet diets, respectively. Production performances were recorded daily and egg quality traits were measured every two weeks. At 42 weeks of age, one bird per replication from each experimental group was selected for metabolism determination and intestine morphology observation. Compared with mash diets, pellet diets improved laying rate (p < 0.05), ADFI (average daily feed intake, p < 0.05), egg weight, shell strength, yolk proportion and Haugh unit (p < 0.05) in both breeds and reduced the FCR (feed conversion ratio, p < 0.05) in Hy-Line grey. The apparent digestibility of DM% (dry matter) and CP% (crude protein) were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in both breed laying hens fed pellet than those fed mash. The apparent digestibility of P% (phosphorus) and Ca% (calcium) was higher in Hy-Line grey fed pellet and was higher in Hy-Line brown fed mash. Compared to mash diets, pellet diets increased the VH (villus height), CD (crypt depth) and VCR (ratio of villus height to crypt depth) of the small intestine of Hy-Line grey, and increased the VH and CD of duodenum and ileum of Hy-Line brown. Overall, pellet diets improved production performance and nutrition metabolism through positive changes in the laying rate, feed intake, egg albumen quality and apparent digestibility of laying hens. The current findings provided support for the advantages of feeding pellets during the peak egg laying period for the two popular laying hen strains, Hy-Line brown and Hy-Line grey.

scholarly journals Influence of Different Phosphorus Phase-Feeding Programs and Dietary Calcium Level on Performance and Body Phosphorus of Laying Hens

1987 ◽  
Vol 66 (9) ◽  
pp. 1524-1530 ◽  
Author(s):  
JERRY L. SELL ◽  
SHEILA E. SCHEIDELER ◽  
BARBARA E. RAHN
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Level ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Dietary Calcium ◽  
Feeding Programs

scholarly journals Metabolizable energy levels for semi-heavy laying hens at the second production cycle

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 857-862
Author(s):  
Fernando Guilherme Perazzo Costa ◽  
Janaine Sena da Costa ◽  
Cláudia de Castro Goulart ◽  
Denise Fontana Figueiredo-Lima ◽  
Raul da Cunha Lima Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Level ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Feed Conversion

This study was carried out to evaluate the energy levels in the diet to obtain better performance rates and quality of eggs from laying hens in the second production cycle. One hundred and eighty Bovans Goldline laying hens with 62 weeks of age were used during four 28-day periods. A completely randomized experimental design was used with four metabolizable energy levels (2,650, 2,725, 2,800, 2,875 and 2,950 kcal/kg), each with six replicates of six birds. The energy level of diet did not affect the weight of the egg, yolk, albumen and eggshell, the percentages of yolk, albumen and eggshell, yolk color and egg specific gravity. Feed intake, egg production, egg mass and feed conversion per egg mass and per dozen eggs increased significantly with increasing levels of metabolizable energy. Feed intake decreased linearly as the energy level in the diet increased. The metabolizable energy levels showed a quadratic effect on egg production, egg mass and feed conversion per egg mass and per dozen eggs. The metabolizable energy level of 2,830 kcal/kg was the most appropriate to promote better performance and quality of eggs from laying hens in the second production cycle.

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