scholarly journals Abgangsursachen und ihr Einfluss auf die Lebensleistung bei Sauen der Rassen Deutsches Edelschwein, Deutsche Landrasse und Pietrain

2003 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 569-583
Author(s):  
M. Heusing ◽  
H. Hamann ◽  
O. Distl
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Large White ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Productive Life ◽  
Fattening Performance ◽  
Low Efficiency

Abstract. Title of the paper: Culling reasons and their effect on lifetime productivity in sows of the breeds German Large White, German Landrace and Pietrain Culling reasons in sows were analysed with respect to their importance for the different times of removal and their effects on longevity, length of productive life, number of piglets born alive and number of weaned piglets in the whole life of a sow. The investigation was based on records of 655 Large White (DE) sows, 13,005 German Landrace (DL) sows and 6,473 Pietrain (PI) sows born between1989 and 1994 and culled until 2002. In all the three breeds investigated, removal was highest due to fertility with 15 % (DE and PI) and 20 % (DL) and next highest due to diseases with 11 to 13 %. In PI sows, culling for low fattening performance and low efficiency in carcass yield ranked third (8 %), while removal for old age (9 and 10 %, respectively) was more important in DE and DL sows. The main timespan for the different culling reasons were after the fourth farrowing due to infertility, between the 2nd and 5th farrowing due to low fattening performance and low efficiency in carcass yield, after the first farrowing due to reproduction problems and up to 4th farrowing due to diseases, while culling due to old age did not occur before the 5th farrowing. Heritabilities of reasons for removal were in the range of h2 = 0.04–0.08 due to poor fertility, h2 = 0.01–0.09 due to low fattening performance and low efficiency in carcass yield, h2 = 0.02 due to reproductive problems, between h2 = 0.01 and h2 = 0.05 due to diseases and between h2 = 0.05 and h2 = 0.16 due to miscellaneous reasons.

scholarly journals Effects of inbreeding on number of piglets born total, born alive and weaned in Austrian Large White and Landrace pigs

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Köck ◽  
B. Fürst-Waltl ◽  
R. Baumung
Keyword(s):  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Inbreeding Coefficient ◽  
Significant Positive Effect ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Large White ◽  
Inbreeding Coefficients ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract. In this study records of 58 925 litters of Austrian Large White and 17 846 litters of Austrian Landrace pigs were analysed. Regression models were used to determine the effects of litter, dam and sire inbreeding on total number of born, born alive and weaned piglets in Large White and Landrace. In both populations, litter and dam inbreeding showed a negative effect on all traits. Sire inbreeding had no effect in Large White, whereas a significant positive effect was observed in Landrace. On average, inbred sires with an inbreeding coefficient of 10 % had 0.45 more piglets born total and 0.43 more piglets born alive in comparison to non-inbred sires. In a further analysis the total inbreeding coefficients of the animals were divided into two parts: »new« and »old« inbreeding. »New« inbreeding was defined as the period of the first five generations. It was shown that the observed inbreeding effects were not only caused by recent inbreeding. Reproductive performance was also affected by »old« inbreeding. Finally partial inbreeding coefficients of four important ancestors in each population were calculated to investigate if inbreeding effects are similar among these ancestors. The results revealed a varation of inbreeding effects among the four ancestors. Alleles contibuting to inbreeding depression were descendent from specific ancestors.

scholarly journals Effect of parity on reproductive performance sows of different breeds

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 434-441
Author(s):  
R. Klimas ◽  
A. Klimienė ◽  
W. Sobotka ◽  
W. Kozera ◽  
P. Matusevičius
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Large White ◽  
Litter Weight ◽  
Piglet Survival

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of parity on reproductive performance by sows of different breeds. The sows were raised on three farms, and had seven or more litters of not fewer than seven piglets. A total of 1511 litters from various parities of Lithuanian White (N =721), Large White (N = 162) and Landrace (N = 628) sows were contained in the data that were used in this study. Multiparous sows had larger litters than primiparous sows. Piglet survival rate declined from parity 7. An increase in litter size was observed until parity 5 in Large White and until parity 6 in improved Lithuanian White (P <0.05). In comparison with parity 1, Landrace sows up to parity 5 showed not only increased prolificacy, but also increased number and litter weight of piglets at 21 days old, and the number and litter weight of weaned piglets (P <0.01). The current findings indicate that sows of these breeds can be used effectively in breeding herds until parity 5 and parity 6.Keywords: Landrace, Large White, Lithuanian White, litter size

scholarly journals The productive lifetime of sows on two farms from the aspect of reasons for culling

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 747-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Balogh ◽  
Wojciech Kapelański ◽  
Hanna Jankowiak ◽  
Lajos Nagy ◽  
Sandor Kovacs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Model ◽  
Proportional Hazard ◽  
Proportional Hazard Model ◽  
Large White ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Breeding Farms ◽  
On Farm

Abstract The aim of this study was to compare the characteristics of the productive lifetime (PLT) of sows kept on two farms, from the aspect of reasons for culling. The study was based on data from animals from two breeding farms in Hungary, using the data of 3493 crossbred Dutch Large White and Dutch Landrace sows (DLW × DL) between their first farrowing until the time of culling (2006 and 2012). For six years, the annual culling rate for both farms averaged 45%. The most frequent reasons for removal on both farms were reproductive problems (40%, 51%), leg problems (29%, 23%) and mortality (19%, 15%). There was a significant difference between the distributions of reasons for culling on the two farms (χ2=41.7, P≤0.001). The distributions of reasons for culling differed in three periods of sow breeding (Farm A: χ2=264.7, P≤0.001; Farm B: χ2=511.1, P≤0.001). The percentage of main removal reasons decreased, whereas the frequency of culling due to age increased. Using survival analysis (Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard model), significant differences were identified between the PLT of sows culled due to reproductive problems (P≤0.001), leg problems (P≤0.001) and old age (P≤0.001). Reproductive problems (HR: 1.34, P≤0.001) and leg problems (HR: 1.39, P≤0.001) were higher and culling due to old age (HR: 0.44, P≤0.001) was lower on Farm A compared to Farm B. There were no significant differences between the two farms in terms of mortality (HR: 0.99, P=0.923). Overall, the results can be useful for breeders of crossbred (DLW × DL) sow populations in more accurately defining their culling systems.

The influence of a barrier on the behaviour and growth of early-weaned piglets

1993 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. K. Waran ◽  
D. M. Broom
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Aggressive Behaviour ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Large White ◽  
Escape Route ◽  
Aggressive Interactions ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractWhen designing environments for animals, the quality of space as well as the amount of space should be considered. In this study the influence of an opaque barrier on the aggressive behaviour and growth of Large White Χ Landrace piglets that were weaned at 24 days was examined. The behaviour and weight gain of 120 piglets were recorded during a 4-week period following weaning. These piglets were housed in either a conventional flat-deck pen or a straw pen, with or without an opaque barrier. There was no significant difference between the two types of accommodation in the frequency of aggressive interactions that occurred during the weaning period but where a barrier was present the frequency of aggressive interactions was 40% lower during the 1st week after weaning and growth rate was proportionately 0·15 greater. Piglets that were the recipients of most aggressive behaviour used the barrier most frequently during the weaning period and barrier users gained the most weight during the week immediately following weaning.It was concluded that a barrier improved the weaning environment because it offered piglets an escape route during the period when most aggressive interactions occurred. A barrier may be an effective way of improving the welfare of animals housed in confined conditions.

scholarly journals Assessment of fattening performance and slaughtering characteristics of young bulls from Aberdeen Angus breed, Volyn Meat breed, and Charolais breed

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 641-645
Author(s):  
N. P. Svyrydenko ◽  
S. O. Kostenko
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Fattening Performance ◽  
Angus Cattle ◽  
Growth Intensity

This paper deals with the research of special features of fattening and slaughtering qualities of specialized meat cattle bred in Ukraine. It establishes special feature of the cattle growth intensity and development in terms of live weight gain and linear assessment of the exterior in the age from birth to 18 months. It has been established that young bulls of Volyn Meat breed were characterized by a higher slaughter yield of 61.7%. Charolais bulls of the same age had the highest carcass yield of 78.5%. Young Aberdeen Angus cattle had the highest fleshing index of 4.5 compared to 4.3 in bulls of the same age of other breeds.

Comparison of Fattening, Slaughtering and Carcass Characteristics of Different Genotype Lambs Grown in Turkey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Engin Yaralı
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Fattening Performance ◽  
Animal Material ◽  
Dressing Percentage ◽  
Fattening Period

In this study, it was aimed to determine the fattening performance, slaughter and carcass characteristics of lambs of Eþme Kývýrcýðý (EKIV), Bursa Kývýrcýðý (BKIV), Çine Çaparý (CC) and Karya (KAR) sheeps. A total of 37 male lambs at the age of 3.5 months formed the animal material. Fattening period is 56 days. During slaughtering, head, feet, skin, liver, hot carcass weights were determined and hot carcass yield was calculated. Each carcass was cut out into 7 parts. The overall average of daily weight gain was 144.82 g. While the highest daily live weight gain was observed in the KAR, the CC had the lowest value. The total share of the rump, shoulders, back and arms are 57.65%, 66.85%, 65.80% and 67.12% for CC, EKIV, KAR and BKIV, respectively. The effect of the genotype on all the characteristics other than cooling loss is important. In terms of dressing percentage value, the ranking was CC, BKIV, KAR and EKIV from the highest to the lowest.

scholarly journals Effects of Dietary Supplementation with Combination of Tributyrin and Essential Oil on Gut Health and Microbiota of Weaned Piglets

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Xin Zhang ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Xiao-Wei Zhang ◽  
Zhao-Xi Deng ◽  
Jian-Xin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Salicylate ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Villus Height ◽  
Large White ◽  
The Difference

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of dietary inclusion of the combination of tributyrin with oregano or methyl salicylate as a substitute to antibiotics on gut health and microbiota of piglets. A total of 48 weaned crossbred piglets (Duroc × Large White × Landrace, 8.79 ± 0.97 kg, 21 ± 1 d) were randomly allocated to four experimental groups and fed for 4 weeks: the basal diet (Con); the control plus antibiotics (AB); the control plus oregano and tributyrin (OT); and the control plus methyl salicylate and tributyrin (MT). Although a numerical improvement on feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio was observed in the OT and MT as well as the AB group, the difference was not significant (p > 0.05). The OT and MT groups were larger in villus height in the duodenum compared to the Con (p < 0.05), and were larger in relative abundance of Firmicutes/Bacaeroides in the intestine compared to Con and AB groups (p < 0.01). The amount of major different metabolites was 6, 8 and 8 for the AB, OT and MT groups when compared to the Con, respectively. In conclusion, as a substitute for antibiotics the inclusion of the combination of tributyrin with either oregano or methyl salicylate to the diet of weaned piglets improved the intestinal morphological structure and altered intestinal microbiota and metabolites, which were beneficial to the animal health.

scholarly journals 137 Effects of micro-encapsulated formula of organic acids and essential oils on performance and gut integrity of weaned piglets challenged with ETEC K88

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 77-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yetong Xu ◽  
Ludovic Lahaye ◽  
Zhengxiao He ◽  
Jinxiao Zhang ◽  
Chengbo Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Large White ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Intestinal Integrity ◽  
Zonula Occludens ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Range Test

Abstract Control of post-weaning scours is a major concern in pig production. This study intended to evaluate the effects of a selected formula of micro-encapsulated organic acids and essential oils [P(OA+EO)] on performance and intestinal integrity of weaned piglets challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC-K88). A three-wk cage study was conducted using 30 crossbred (Duroc×Landrace×Large-White) 28 days old weaned barrows with initial body weight of 7.41 kg individually housed in metabolic cages with six replications randomly assigned to one of the following five treatments: PC) non-challenged control; NC) ETEC-K88-challenged control; FA): NC + 50 mg/kg kitasamycin + 100 ppm olaquindox + 5 kg/t Free acids; P1): NC + 50 mg/kg kitasamycin + 100 ppm olaquindox + 1 kg/t P(OA+EO) (Jefo, Canada); and P2): NC + 50 mg/kg kitasamycin + 100 ppm olaquindox + 2 kg/t P(OA+EO). Pigs of groups NC, FA, P1 and P2 received an oral dose of 10 mL of ETEC-K88 culture (1×109 CFU/mL) at d 7. Data were subjected to statistical analyses (GLM procedure, SAS). Differences among treatments were separated using Student-Newman-Keul’s range test with a level of significance at P ≤ 0.05. Supplementation of FA and P(OA+EO) tended (P = 0.06) to improve ADG over NC in the two weeks after challenge (424, 486 and 529 g for FA, P1 and P2 respectively vs 390 g for NC). P1 significantly (P < 0.05) improved G:F over NC and FA. One week after challenge, P1 had significantly (P < 0.05) higher ileal occludin protein expression compared to NC, FA and P2. Ileal Zonula occludens-1 expression was decreased (P < 0.05) in NC, while there was no difference between PC and P1 (Table 1). In conclusion, the formula of [P(OA+EO)] could improve growth performance and intestinal integrity of weaned piglets facing E. coli challenge.

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