scholarly journals Review of “Towards accurate and practical drone-based wind measurements with an ultrasonic anemometer” by William Thielicke, Waldemar Hübert , and Ulrich Müller

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anonymous
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasonic Anemometer ◽  
Wind Measurements

UAV based measurements of CO2 emissions from anthropogenic point sources

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maximilian Reuter ◽  
Michael Buchwitz ◽  
Heinrich Bovensmann ◽  
John P. Burrows
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Flight Pattern ◽  
Individual Point ◽  
Ultrasonic Anemometer ◽  
Wind Measurements ◽  
Reduction Of Emissions

<p>CO<sub>2</sub> emissions are the primary cause of man-made climate change. In order to limit this, a reduction of emissions is necessary. For this reason, possibilities must be established to monitor emissions through independent measurements. A large part of the human CO<sub>2</sub> emissions falls on point sources such as coal or gas fired power plants. On a global level, it is planned to explore these remotely by means of satellites. At the regional level, both airborne and UAV-based measurements are suitable, which can also be used for smaller sources and for the validation of the satellite data.</p><p>Here we present the development of a UAV for the determination of CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from individual point sources by simultaneously measuring CO<sub>2</sub> concentration, wind speed and other meteorological parameters.</p><p>A commercial UAV for industrial tasks is used as platform. CO<sub>2</sub> is measured by a non-dispersive NIR detector with an accuracy of 1-2ppm and an ultrasonic anemometer is used for wind measurements. All relevant data is transmitted to the operator during the flight so that the flight pattern can be spontaneously adapted to the measurement data.</p><p>We will introduce the UAV including the installed sensors as well as the measuring principle and present results of the first flights.</p>

scholarly journals Measuring Wind Speed Using the Internal Stabilization System of a Quadrotor Drone

Drones ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Simma ◽  
Håvard Mjøen ◽  
Tobias Boström
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Horizontal Wind ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Flight Tests ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Internal Stabilization ◽  
Ultrasonic Anemometer ◽  
Wind Measurements ◽  
The Cost

This article proposes a method of measuring wind speed using the data logged by the autopilot of a quadrotor drone. Theoretical equations from works on quadrotor control are utilized and supplemented to form the theoretical framework. Static thrust tests provide the necessary parameters for calculating wind estimates. Flight tests were conducted at a test site with laminar wind conditions with the quadrotor hovering next to a static 2D ultrasonic anemometer with wind speeds between 0–5 m/s. Horizontal wind estimates achieve exceptionally good results with root mean square error (RMSE) values between 0.26–0.29 m/s for wind speed, as well as between 4.1–4.9 for wind direction. The flexibility of this new method simplifies the process, decreases the cost, and adds new application areas for wind measurements.

Hub height optimisation of commercial WTGs based on accurate wind resource analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 0309524X2110227
Author(s):  
Kyle O Roberts ◽  
Nawaz Mahomed
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Capacity Factor ◽  
Resource Analysis ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Unique Maximum ◽  
Wind Measurements ◽  
Generation Capacity ◽  
Wind Resource

Wind turbine selection and optimal hub height positioning are crucial elements of wind power projects. However, in higher class wind speeds especially, over-exposure of wind turbines can lead to a reduction in power generation capacity. In this study, wind measurements from a met mast were validated according to specifications issued by IRENA and NREL. As a first step, it is shown that commercial WTGs from a database may be matched to the wind class and turbulence intensity. Secondly, a wind turbine selection algorithm, based on maximisation of capacity factor, was implemented across the range of WTGs. The selected WTGs were further exposed to an iterative algorithm using pointwise air density and wind shear coefficients. It is shown that a unique maximum capacity factor, and hence wind power generation, exists for a wind turbine, premised on its eventual over-exposure to the wind resource above a certain hub height.

scholarly journals Analysis of offshore wind farm located on Baltic Sea

2019 ◽  
Vol 137 ◽  
pp. 01049
Author(s):  
Anna Sobotka ◽  
Kajetan Chmielewski ◽  
Marcin Rowicki ◽  
Justyna Dudzińska ◽  
Przemysław Janiak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Union Policy ◽  
Offshore Wind Farms ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Wind Measurements ◽  
The Baltic

Poland is currently at the beginning of the energy transformation. Nowadays, most of the electricity generated in Poland comes from coal combustion. However, in accordance to the European Union policy of reducing the emission of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere, there are already plans to switch to low-emission energy sources in Poland, one of which are offshore wind farms. The article presents the current regulatory environment of the offshore wind energy in Poland, along with a reference to Polish and European decarbonisation plans. In the further part of the article, the methods of determining the kinetic energy of wind and the power curve of a wind turbine are discussed. Then, on the basis of historical data of wind speeds collected in the area of the Baltic Sea, calculations are carried out leading to obtain statistical distributions of power that could be generated by an exemplary wind farm with a power capacity of 400 MW, located at the place of wind measurements. On their basis, statistical differences in the wind power generation between years, months of the year and hours of the day are analysed.

scholarly journals Wind Energy Meteorology: Insight into Wind Properties in the Turbine-Rotor Layer of the Atmosphere from High-Resolution Doppler Lidar

2013 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 883-902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Banta ◽  
Yelena L. Pichugina ◽  
Neil D. Kelley ◽  
R. Michael Hardesty ◽  
W. Alan Brewer
Keyword(s):  
Wind Energy ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Turbine Rotor ◽  
Energy Industry ◽  
Doppler Lidar ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Surface Measurements ◽  
Wind Measurements ◽  
Upper Level ◽  
Insight Into

Addressing the need for high-quality wind information aloft in the layer occupied by turbine rotors (~30–150 m above ground level) is one of many significant challenges facing the wind energy industry. Without wind measurements at heights within the rotor sweep of the turbines, characteristics of the flow in this layer are unknown for wind energy and modeling purposes. Since flow in this layer is often decoupled from the surface, near-surface measurements are prone to errant extrapolation to these heights, and the behavior of the near-surface winds may not reflect that of the upper-level flow.

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