scholarly journals CO<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> budgets and global warming potential modifications in <i>Sphagnum</i>-dominated peat mesocosms invaded by <i>Molinia caerulea</i>

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (20) ◽  
pp. 4085-4095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabien Leroy ◽  
Sébastien Gogo ◽  
Christophe Guimbaud ◽  
Léonard Bernard-Jannin ◽  
Xiaole Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Global Warming Potential ◽  
Ecosystem Respiration ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Community Change ◽  
Ch4 Emission ◽  
Molinia Caerulea ◽  
Sphagnum Mosses ◽  
Emission Models

Abstract. Plant communities play a key role in regulating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in peatland ecosystems and therefore in their ability to act as carbon (C) sinks. However, in response to global change, a shift from Sphagnum-dominated to vascular-plant-dominated peatlands may occur, with a potential alteration in their C-sink function. To investigate how the main GHG fluxes (CO2 and CH4) are affected by a plant community change (shift from dominance of Sphagnum mosses to vascular plants, i.e., Molinia caerulea), a mesocosm experiment was set up. Gross primary production (GPP), ecosystem respiration (ER) and CH4 emission models were used to estimate the annual C balance and global warming potential under both vegetation covers. While the ER and CH4 emission models estimated an output of, respectively, 376±108 and 7±4 g C m−2 yr−1 in Sphagnum mesocosms, this reached 1018±362 and 33±8 g C m−2 yr−1 in mesocosms with Sphagnum rubellum and Molinia caerulea. Annual modeled GPP was estimated at -414±122 and -1273±482 g C m−2 yr−1 in Sphagnum and Sphagnum + Molinia plots, respectively, leading to an annual CO2 and CH4 budget of −30 g C m−2 yr−1 in Sphagnum plots and of −223 g C m−2 yr−1 in Sphagnum + Molinia ones (i.e., a C sink). Even if CH4 emissions accounted for a small part of the gaseous C efflux (ca. 3 %), their global warming potential value makes both plant communities have a climate warming effect. The shift of vegetation from Sphagnum mosses to Molinia caerulea seems beneficial for C sequestration at a gaseous level. However, roots and litter of Molinia caerulea could provide substrates for C emissions that were not taken into account in the short measurement period studied here.

scholarly journals CO<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> budgets and global warming potential modifications in <i>Sphagnum</i>-dominated peat mesocosms invaded by <i>Molinia caerulea</i>

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabien Leroy ◽  
Sébastien Gogo ◽  
Christophe Guimbaud ◽  
Léonard Bernard-Jannin ◽  
Xiaole Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Global Warming Potential ◽  
Ecosystem Respiration ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Community Change ◽  
Ch4 Emission ◽  
Molinia Caerulea ◽  
Sphagnum Mosses ◽  
Emission Models

Abstract. Plant communities play a key role in regulating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in peatland ecosystems and therefore in their ability to act as carbon (C) sinks. However, in response to global change, a shift from Sphagnum to vascular plant-dominated peatlands may occur, with a potential alteration in their C-sink function. To investigate how the main GHG fluxes (CO2 and CH4) are affected by a plant community change (shift from dominance of Sphagnum mosses to vascular plants, i.e. Molinia caerulea), a mesocosm experiment was set up. Gross primary production (GPP), ecosystem respiration (ER) and CH4 emission models were used to estimate the annual C balance and global warming potential under both vegetation covers. While the ER and CH4 emission models estimated an output of, respectively, 376 and 7 gC m−2 y−1 in Sphagnum mesocosms, this reached 1018 and 33 gC m−2 y−1 in mesocosms with Sphagnum rubellum and Molinia caerulea. Annual modelled GPP was estimated at −414 and −1273 gC m−2 y−1 in Sphagnum and Sphagnum + Molinia plots, respectively, leading to an annual CO2 and CH4 budget of −30 gC m−2 y−1 in Sphagnum plots and of −223 gC m−2 y−1 in Sphagnum + Molinia ones (i.e., a C-sink). Even if, CH4 emissions accounted for a small part of the gaseous C efflux (ca. 3 %), their global warming potential value makes both plant communities have a climate warming effect. The shift of vegetation from Sphagnum mosses to Molinia caerulea seems beneficial for C sequestration at a gaseous level. However, roots and litters of Molinia caerulea could provide substrates for C emissions that were not taken into account in the short measurement period studied here.

scholarly journals CO<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> budgets and global warming potential modifications in <i>Sphagnum</i>-dominated peat mesocosms invaded by <i>Molinia caerulea</i>

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabien Leroy ◽  
Sébastien Gogo ◽  
Christophe Guimbaud ◽  
Léonard Bernard-Jannin ◽  
Xiaole Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Global Warming Potential ◽  
Ecosystem Respiration ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Community Change ◽  
Ch4 Emission ◽  
Molinia Caerulea ◽  
Sphagnum Mosses ◽  
Emission Models

Abstract. Plant communities play a key role in regulating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in peatland ecosystems and therefore in their ability to act as carbon (C) sinks. However, in response to global change, a shift from Sphagnum to vascular plant-dominated peatlands may occur, with a potential alteration in their C-sink function. To investigate how the main GHG fluxes (CO2 and CH4) are affected by a plant community change (shift from dominance of Sphagnum mosses to vascular plants, i.e. Molinia caerulea), a mesocosm experiment was set up. Gross primary production (GPP), ecosystem respiration (ER) and CH4 emission models were used to estimate the annual C balance and global warming potential under both vegetation covers. While the ER and CH4 emission models estimated an output of, respectively, 376 ± 108 and 7 ± 4 gC m−2 y−1 in Sphagnum mesocosms, this reached 1018 ± 362 and 33 ± 8 gC m−2 y−1 in mesocosms with Sphagnum rubellum and Molinia caerulea. Annual modelled GPP was estimated at −414 ± 122 and −1273 ± 482 gC m−2 y−1 in Sphagnum and Sphagnum + Molinia plots, respectively, leading to an annual CO2 and CH4 budget of −30 gC m−2 y−1 in Sphagnum plots and of −223 gC m−2 y−1 in Sphagnum + Molinia ones (i.e., a C-sink). Even if, CH4 emissions accounted for a small part of the gaseous C efflux (ca. 3 %), their global warming potential value makes both plant communities have a climate warming effect. The shift of vegetation from Sphagnum mosses to Molinia caerulea seems beneficial for C sequestration at a gaseous level. However, roots and litters of Molinia caerulea could provide substrates for C emissions that were not taken into account in the short measurement period studied here.

scholarly journals PLANT COMMUNITY CHANGE ACROSS THE PALEOCENE-EOCENE BOUNDARY IN THE GULF COASTAL PLAIN, CENTRAL TEXAS

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer D. Wagner ◽  
Daniel J. Peppe ◽  
Jennifer M.K. O'Keefe ◽  
Christopher Dennison
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Plant Community ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Community Change ◽  
Northern Great Plains ◽  
Gulf Coastal Plain ◽  
High Turnover ◽  
Future Global Warming ◽  
Central Texas

During the early Paleogene the Earth experienced long-term global warming punctuated by several short-term ‘hyperthermal’ events, the most pronounced of which is the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM). During this time, tropical climates expanded into extra-tropical areas potentially forming a wide band of ‘paratropical’ forests that are hypothesized to have expanded into the mid-latitude Northern Great Plains (NGP). Relatively little is known about these ‘paratropical’ floras, which would have extended across the Gulf Coastal Plain (GCP). This study assesses the preserved floras from the GCP in Central Texas before and after the PETM to define plant ecosystem changes associated with the hyperthermal event in this region. These floras suggest a high turnover rate, change in plant community composition, and uniform plant communities across the GCP at the Paleocene-Eocene boundary. Paleoecology and paleoclimate estimates from Central Texas PETM floras suggest a warm and wet environment, indicative of tropical seasonal forest to tropical rainforest biomes. Fossil evidence from the GCP combined with data from the NGP and modern tropics suggest that warming during the PETM helped create a ‘paratropical belt’ that extended into the mid-latitudes. Evaluating the response of plant communities to rapid global warming is important for understanding and preparing for current and future global warming and climate change.

scholarly journals Different temporal trends in vascular plant and bryophytes communities along elevational gradients over four decades of warming

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine Becker-Scarpitta ◽  
Diane Auberson-Lavoie ◽  
Mark Vellend
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Elevation Gradient ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Community Change ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Ecological Communities

Abstract1: Despite many studies showing biodiversity responses to warming, the generality of such responses across taxa remains unclear. Very few studies have tested for evidence of bryophyte community responses to warming, despite the fact that bryophytes are major contributors to diversity in many ecosystems, playing a central role in ecosystem functions. Understanding variation among taxa in their responses to warming is crucial for identifying priorities in conservation.2: We report an empirical study comparing long-term change of bryophyte and vascular plant communities in two sites with contrasting long-term warming trends. To assess long-term responses of ecological communities to warming, we used “legacy” botanical records as a baseline for comparison with contemporary resurveys.We hypothesized that ecological changes would be greater in sites with a stronger warming trends, and that vascular plant communities would be more sensitive than bryophyte communities to climate warming. For each taxon in each site, we quantified the magnitude of changes in species’ distributions along the elevation gradient, species richness, and community composition.3: Temporal changes in vascular plant communities were consistent with the warming hypothesis, but this was not the case for bryophytes. We also did not find clear support for the hypothesis that vascular plants would show greater sensitivity than bryophytes to warming, with results depending on the metric of community change. As predicted for sites with a strong warming trend, we found a significant upward shift in the distributions of vascular plants but not bryophytes.Synthesis: Our results are in accordance with recent literature showing that local diversity can remain unchanged despite strong changes in composition. Regardless of whether one taxon is systematically more or less sensitive to environmental change than another, our results suggest that vascular plants cannot be used as a surrogate for bryophytes in terms of predicting the nature and magnitude of responses to warming. In sites that experienced the same environmental changes, we found that communities of bryophytes and vascular plants did not predictably change in the same ways. Thus, to assess overall biodiversity responses to global change, data from different taxonomical groups and community properties need to be synthesized.

scholarly journals Extreme Methane Bubbling Emissions from a Subtropical Shallow Eutrophic Pond

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shangbin Xiao ◽  
◽  
Weiguo Liu ◽  
Hong Yang ◽  
Defu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Global Warming Potential ◽  
Anaerobic Degradation ◽  
Ch4 Emission ◽  
Ch4 Flux ◽  
Air Interface ◽  
Gas Fluxes ◽  
First Time ◽  
And Diffusion

For the first time we report on real time diel bubble and diffusion gas fluxes lasting for 48 hours of a subtropical shallow pond. The averaged diffusion fluxes of methane and carbon dioxide were 0.074 and 62.70 mg•m-2•h-1, and the averaged ebullition fluxes of methane and carbon dioxide were 24.726 and 1.92 mg•m-2•h-1 respectively. Bubble emissions of CH4 and CO2 accounted for 99.7% of the total CH4 emission and only 3.0% of the totalCO2 from the pond respectively. The CH4 flux across the water-air interface of the pond was 595.20 mg•m-2•h-1 and equaledCO2 flux of 14880.0 mg•m-2•d-1 by multiplying its global warming potential. Thus, the small pond added equivalent of 35.712 kg/dCO2 emission by transferring CO2 to CH4 in the summer, in which process CO2 was absorbed owing to alga propagation and CH4 emission was derived from the anaerobic degradation of dead alga buried on its bottom.

Sphagnum mosses (Sphagnaceae, Bryophyta) of mires Chefandzar and Masota in North Ossetia (Caucasus)

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 455-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Ya. Doroshina ◽  
I. A. Nikolajev
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
The Other ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Sphagnum Mosses ◽  
Greater Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
First Time ◽  
North Ossetia

Sphagnum mires on the Greater Caucasus are rare, characterized by the presence of relict plant communities of glacial age and are in a stage of degradation. The study of Sphagnum of Chefandzar and Masota mires is carried out for the first time. Seven species of Sphagnum are recorded. Their distribution and frequency within the North Caucasus are analyzed. Sphagnum contortum, S. platyphyllum, S. russowii, S. squarrosum are recorded for the first time for the study area and for the flora of North Ossetia. The other mosses found in the study area are listed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document