Usability of velocities of GNSS campaign measurements on volcano monitoring depending distance between station and volcano

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zafer Turen ◽  
Yener Turen ◽  
Tuna Erol
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Active Volcano ◽  
Volcano Monitoring ◽  
Test Area ◽  
International Gnss Service ◽  
Global Test ◽  
Data Archives ◽  
Global Volcanism ◽  
Smithsonian Institute ◽  
Campaign Time

<p>GNSS campaign measurements are often used for also volcano monitoring. The most important reason for this is that the permanent stations near the volcano are costly and likely to be damaged after the eruption. Often, even campaign measurements are risky near an active volcano. On the other hand, it would be low risky and low costly to make campaign measurements distant from volcano activities and eruptions. In this study, in order to expound the analysis results, we constituted our global test area using five IGS stations around five active volcano eruptions over 2019 via the Smithsonian Institute Global Volcanism Program. The data archives of the International GNSS service (IGS) and the time series of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) were used for the purpose. And then we decimated the continuous data down to monthly and four monthly sampled GPS campaign time series. We also generated random values of ±3 mm for possible antenna setup errors. We tested whether the velocities obtained from monthly and four monthly solutions differ significantly from the velocities derived from daily solutions. As a result, we concluded on monthly velocities that horizontal components are compatible completely and 80% of the vertical components are compatible. We also concluded on four monthly velocities that 65% of the horizontal components are compatible and vertical components are compatible completely. We explained the utilization of campaign measurements in volcano monitoring by examining the effect of the distance between the stations and volcanoes on the results obtained.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Volcano Monitoring, GNSS Campaign Measurements.</p>

scholarly journals Embedded ARM System for Volcano Monitoring in Remote Areas: Application to the Active Volcano on Deception Island (Antarctica)

Sensors ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 672-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Peci ◽  
Manuel Berrocoso ◽  
Alberto Fernández-Ros ◽  
Alicia García ◽  
José Marrero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Volcano ◽  
Volcano Monitoring ◽  
Deception Island ◽  
Remote Areas

scholarly journals Revising short and longwave radiation archives in view of possible revisions of the WSG and WISG reference scales: Methods and implications

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Nyeki ◽  
Stefan Wacker ◽  
Julian Gröbner ◽  
Wolfgang Finsterle ◽  
Martin Wild
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Longwave Radiation ◽  
Surface Radiation ◽  
Shortwave Radiation ◽  
Standard Group ◽  
Water Vapour Content ◽  
Data Archives ◽  
Downward Longwave Radiation ◽  
Integrated Water Vapour ◽  
A Minor

Abstract. A large number of radiometers are traceable to the World Standard Group (WSG) for shortwave radiation and the interim World Infra-red Standard Group (WISG) for longwave radiation, hosted by the Physikalisch Meteorologisches Observatorium Davos/World Radiation Centre (PMOD/WRC, Davos, Switzerland). The WSG and WISG have recently been found to over- and underestimate radiation values, respectively (Fehlmann et al., 2012; Gröbner et al., 2014), although research is still ongoing. In view of a possible revision of the reference scales of both standard groups, this study discusses the methods involved, and the implications on existing archives of radiation time-series, such as the Baseline Surface Radiation Network (BSRN). Based on PMOD/WRC calibration archives and BSRN data archives, the downward longwave radiation (DLR) time-series over the 2006–2015 periods were analysed at four stations (polar and mid-latitude locations). DLR was found to increase by up to 3.5 and 5.4 W m−2, respectively, after applying a WISG reference scale correction and a minor correction for the dependence of pyrgeometer sensitivity on atmospheric integrated water vapour content. Similar increases in DLR may be expected at other BSRN stations. Based on our analysis, a number of recommendations are made for future studies.

scholarly journals Advances in seismic monitoring at Deception Island volcano (Antarctica) since the International Polar Year

2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Carmona ◽  
Javier Almendros ◽  
Rosa Martín ◽  
Guillermo Cortés ◽  
Gerardo Alguacil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volcanic Tremor ◽  
Austral Summer ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Active Volcano ◽  
Seismic Monitoring ◽  
Volcano Monitoring ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
Deception Island ◽  
International Polar Year ◽  
International Polar

<p>Deception Island is an active volcano located in the south Shetland Islands, Antarctica. It constitutes a natural laboratory to test geophysical instruments in extreme conditions, since they have to endure not only the Antarctic climate but also the volcanic environment. Deception is one of the most visited places in Antarctica, both by scientists and tourists, which emphasize the importance of volcano monitoring. Seismic monitoring has been going on since 1986 during austral summer surveys. The recorded data include volcano-tectonic earthquakes, long-period events and volcanic tremor, among others. The level of seismicity ranges from quiet periods to seismic crises (e.g. 1992-1993, 1999). Our group has been involved in volcano monitoring at Deception Island since 1994. Based on this experience, in recent years we have made the most of the opportunities of the International Polar Year 2007-2008 to introduce advances in seismic monitoring along four lines: (1) the improvement of the seismic network installed for seismic monitoring during the summer surveys; (2) the development and improvement of seismic arrays for the detection and characterization of seismo-volcanic signals; (3) the design of automated event recognition tools, to simplify the process of data interpretation; and (4) the deployment of permanent seismic stations. These advances help us to obtain more data of better quality, and therefore to improve our interpretation of the seismo-volcanic activity at Deception Island, which is a crucial step in terms of hazards assessment.</p>

scholarly journals VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT AT MT. BROMO INDONESIA BY USING TIME-SERIES LAND SURFACE DEFORMATION AND GIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
Arliandy P. Arbad ◽  
W. Takeuchi ◽  
Y. Aoki ◽  
Ahmad Ardy
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Pairwise Comparison ◽  
Active Volcano ◽  
Comparison Method ◽  
Band Frequency ◽  
Gis Environment

Among the 127 active volcanoes located in eastern Java, Indonesia. Mt. Bromo is the most famous active volcano, type of Mt. Bromo is a strombolian. Many aspects that make volcano an interesting, we conduct a critical and comprehensive study and analysis concerning of volcano eruption based on remote sensing and GIS approaches. Nowadays, remote sensing play an important role to observe volcanic activity and facilitate real-time information. The method used in this study is the determination level of risk in the Mt. Bromo by Pairwise Comparison method. Vulnerability parameters to be obtained from the potential of land deformation, population density, and distance from the volcano dome. In addition, we used SAR data to observe time-series land surface deformation which derived from PALSAR sensor and the images which L-band frequency characteristic on board from Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) with active microwave sensor to achieve cloud-free and day-and-night land observation. The dataset is composed of 24 SAR images, collected from 24 May 2007 to 5 July 2016 (Descending passes, HH polarization). Consequently, the information result has been created and processed at a municipal or city level including thematic maps, the database has been built, classified and analyzed by using GIS environment. The main idea is providing hazard mitigation map at Mt. Bromo to provide adequate guidance for disaster-prone areas to determine the level of disaster risk.

Rigorous propagation of Galileo-based terrestrial scale

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Glaser ◽  
Paul Rebischung ◽  
Zuheir Altamimi ◽  
Harald Schuh
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Terrestrial Reference Frame ◽  
International Gnss Service ◽  
Estimation Errors ◽  
Rigorous Evaluation ◽  
Long Baseline ◽  
Glonass Satellite ◽  
Antenna Phase ◽  
Antenna Phase Center ◽  
Final Selection

&lt;p&gt;Until now, the GPS and GLONASS satellite antenna phase center offsets (PCOs) used within the International GNSS Service (IGS) have been estimated based on the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF) scale provided by Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) and Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI). Therefore, the IGS products have themselves been conventionally aligned to the ITRF scale, hence could not contribute to its realization. However, the disclosure of metadata, including PCOs, for the Galileo satellites by the European GNSS Agency recently opened a unique opportunity to realize an independent GNSS-based terrestrial scale.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Before its ongoing third reprocessing campaign (repro3), the IGS thus re-evaluated the PCOs of the GPS and GLONASS satellites by fixing the PCOs of the Galileo satellites in multi-GNSS solutions. The repro3 products, based on these re-evaluated PCOs, can provide an independent Galileo-based scale, which could potentially contribute to the scale of the next ITRF2020. However, the re-evaluated GPS and GLONASS PCOs are introduced as known constant values in repro3 without realistic uncertainties. Therefore, finally no realistic uncertainty will be available for the realized terrestrial scale.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In this study, another re-evaluation of the GPS and GLONASS PCOs based on the Galileo PCOs is carried out, accounting this time for their variability and estimation errors, with the goal to obtain a more rigorous Galileo-based scale with realistic uncertainty, in particular during the pre-Galileo era. For that purpose, daily time series of GPS and GLONASS PCO estimates derived from the repro3 solutions of different IGS Analysis Centers (ACs) are first analyzed. Deterministic and stochastic models of the time series are then introduced in a global adjustment of all GPS and GLONASS PCOs based on the Galileo PCOs. The re-evaluated PCOs &amp;#8211; together with their uncertainties &amp;#8211; are finally re-injected into the AC terrestrial frame solutions. The analysis of the latter allows a more rigorous evaluation of the Galileo-based scale and its uncertainty and a more sound comparison to the ones realized by SLR and VLBI. The outcome of this study will provide valuable information for the final selection and realization of the ITRF2020 scale.&lt;/p&gt;

Probabilistic Reasoning Over Seismic Time Series: Volcano Monitoring by Hidden Markov Models at Mt. Etna

2016 ◽  
Vol 173 (7) ◽  
pp. 2365-2386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmelo Cassisi ◽  
Michele Prestifilippo ◽  
Andrea Cannata ◽  
Placido Montalto ◽  
Domenico Patanè ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Hidden Markov Models ◽  
Probabilistic Reasoning ◽  
Markov Models ◽  
Hidden Markov ◽  
Volcano Monitoring ◽  
Mt Etna
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