Regeneration of submediterranean species Euonymus latifolius (L.) Mill. at its southernmost limit in Europe

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e68137
Author(s):  
Daniel Agea ◽  
Sandra García-de Lucas ◽  
Juan Lorite
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Mediterranean Species ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Dense Tree

Due to the ongoing effects of climate change in the Mediterranean (increasing temperature and decreasing rainfall), conditions for Submediterranean species are disappearing as their habitats are dwindling. We have focused on Euonymus latifolius (L.) Mill., a nemoral-Submediterranean species, at its southernmost populations of Europe. The aim was to evaluate the population structure and regeneration niche of the species at microhabitat scale. We selected five larger populations among the 13 existing ones, marking 25-30 individuals per population. We measured twice: height, width, vegetation cover, survival, soil moisture and temperature. As result, we provided data of the 13 existing populations, containing 93 adults and 350 juveniles. Moreover, we have obtained a very skew population structure with a low number of recruits for five selected populations, especially at smaller populations. Most E. latifolius juveniles were encountered under dense tree canopy (more than 80 % in cover) formed by a mixture of Submediterranean and Mediterranean species. Biovolume per population showed significant differences among the main populations CP and CV, presenting this last a higher recruitment, while recruitment was very low in general. For soil parameters, we found a critical role of canopy, which showed a positive effect on juvenile microhabitat (higher moisture and lower soil temperature). The results showed us the critical situation of the species, with very fragmented populations, low number of individuals, and scattered spatial patterns of individuals within the populations. Also, survival problems, a non-balance demographic structure, and regeneration problems were detected. Finally, we propose a sere of conservation measures, from monitoring to active measures (key tree species plantation, reintroduction, reinforcements), combined with threat control (herbivory, pests, and impact from outdoor activities). All combined may help to preserve this species at its southernmost populations.

scholarly journals Audit committee – internal audit interaction and moral courage

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (4/5) ◽  
pp. 403-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imen Khelil ◽  
Khaled Hussainey ◽  
Hedi Noubbigh
Keyword(s):  
Audit Committee ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Internal Audit ◽  
Moral Courage ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Internal Audit Function ◽  
Mixed Approach ◽  
Positive Effect

Purpose This paper aims to offer empirical evidence about the effect of the interaction between the audit committee and the internal audit function (IAF) on the moral courage of the chief audit executive (CAE). Design/methodology/approach A mixed approach was followed. In the first stage, questionnaires were sent to CAEs of 60 listed, financial and non-financial Tunisian companies. To enhance the depth of the analysis, in the second stage, semi-directed interviews with 22 CAEs from listed financial and non-financial Tunisian companies were performed. Findings This paper found that the existence of private access to the audit committee has a positive effect on the moral courage of the CAE. The number of meetings between the audit committee and the CAE, the examination of internal audit programmes and results together with the contribution of the audit committee to the appointment and dismissal of the CAE do not show a significant link with the moral courage of the CAE. It also found an insignificant relationship between the audit committee’s examination of interaction between management and the IAF and the moral courage of the CAE. Originality/value To the best of the authors' knowledge, this paper fills one of the major research gaps in the auditing literature by demonstrating the critical role of audit committee–internal audit interaction in promoting the CAE’s moral courage to behave ethically.

scholarly journals The Impact of Venture Capital Background on CEO Replacement in Portfolio Companies: Empirical Evidence from China

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Haixia Hao ◽  
Lihong Guo
Keyword(s):  
Venture Capital ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Chief Executive ◽  
Geographical Proximity ◽  
Management Process ◽  
Geographic Proximity ◽  
Heterogeneity Analysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

Taking Chinese startups backed by venture capital (VC) in 1997–2017 as the sample, this study investigates the impact of VC background on chief executive officer (CEO) replacement in portfolio companies. The results show that (1) compared to foreign VC, domestic VC is more likely to replace the CEO of the portfolio companies. (2) Syndicate with domestic VC can overcome the disadvantage of foreign VC geographically distant from the portfolio companies, and domestic VC as coinvestors can effectively monitor portfolio companies, increasing the possibility of CEO replacement. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the positive effect of VC background on CEO replacement exists in the subgroup of VC geographically proximate to the portfolio companies, indicating that geographic proximity to the portfolio companies helps VC more easily grasp the development of the portfolio companies and more likely to replace CEO. This paper reveals the differences in the behavior of VC in replacing CEO during the postinvestment management process, highlights the critical role of geographical proximity, and provides important management insights for VC and entrepreneurs.

Abstract TP288: Hypoxic Human Umbilical-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell (hUC-MSC) Secretome in a Murine Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (SAH) Model

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
George K Wong ◽  
Vera ZY Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Disease Model ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
M2 Polarization ◽  
M1 Polarization ◽  
New Frontier ◽  
Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Positive Effect

Background: Recent evidence indicates the critical role of neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis of SAH. Mesenchymal stem cells represent a new frontier in the treatment of numerous diseases and have been shown to have therapeutic effects in neurological disease model such as ischemic stroke. Methods: We employed a murine model of endovascular filament perforation for experimental SAH and tail vein injections were performed for hypoxic hUC-MSC secretome treatment and phosphate buffer treatment (control). The data were expressed as mean+/-SEM and statistical analyses were performed with IBM SPSS 23.0 software. Results: Microglia exhibited suppressed M1 polarization in hypoxic-hUC-MSC-secretome-treated mice at day 3 as compared to phosphate-buffer-treated mice. mRNA expressions of M1-polarization markers (CD16: 0.59+/-0.07; CD32: 0.62+/-0.11, p=0.024; CD68: 0.72+/-0.07. p=0.049) were downregulated and M2-polarization marker TREM2 expression were upregulated (1.57+/-0.13, p=0.013). Confocal microscopy at day 1 showed decreased CD16/32 expression in hypoxic-hUC-MSC-secretome-treated mice as compared to phosphate-buffer-treated mice, and CD206 positive cells were observed in hypoxic-hUC-MSC-secretome-treated mice. mRNA expression of IL-4 was upregulated in hypoxic-hUC-MSC-secretome-treated mice at day 1 as compared to phosphate-buffer-treated mice. Conclusions: Hypoxic hUC-MSC treatment had a positive effect in the modulation of neuroinflammation in a murine experimental SAH model and should be further investigated.

The Role of the SLP in Autism Spectrum Disorder Screening and Assessment

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Philofsky
Keyword(s):  
Language Development ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Prevalence Estimates ◽  
Notable Increase ◽  
Screening Assessment ◽  
Critical Components

AbstractRecent prevalence estimates for autism have been alarming as a function of the notable increase. Speech-language pathologists play a critical role in screening, assessment and intervention for children with autism. This article reviews signs that may be indicative of autism at different stages of language development, and discusses the importance of several psychometric properties—sensitivity and specificity—in utilizing screening measures for children with autism. Critical components of assessment for children with autism are reviewed. This article concludes with examples of intervention targets for children with ASD at various levels of language development.

A critical role of iNOS-derived Nitric Oxide (NO) and progesterone in implantation

1998 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 115A-115A
Author(s):  
K CHWALISZ ◽  
E WINTERHAGER ◽  
T THIENEL ◽  
R GARFIELD
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Critical Role

Potential Uses of Vinegar as a Medicine and Related in vivo Mechanisms

2016 ◽  
Vol 86 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 127-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeshan Ali ◽  
Zhenbin Wang ◽  
Rai Muhammad Amir ◽  
Shoaib Younas ◽  
Asif Wali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Positive Effect

While the use of vinegar to fi ght against infections and other crucial conditions dates back to Hippocrates, recent research has found that vinegar consumption has a positive effect on biomarkers for diabetes, cancer, and heart diseases. Different types of vinegar have been used in the world during different time periods. Vinegar is produced by a fermentation process. Foods with a high content of carbohydrates are a good source of vinegar. Review of the results of different studies performed on vinegar components reveals that the daily use of these components has a healthy impact on the physiological and chemical structure of the human body. During the era of Hippocrates, people used vinegar as a medicine to treat wounds, which means that vinegar is one of the ancient foods used as folk medicine. The purpose of the current review paper is to provide a detailed summary of the outcome of previous studies emphasizing the role of vinegar in treatment of different diseases both in acute and chronic conditions, its in vivo mechanism and the active role of different bacteria.

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