Abstract
Background
Anthropometric data and dietary intake pattern are poorly known in Asian inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the nutritional status and nutrient intake of IBD patients compared with control population.
Methods
From February to June 2018, a total of 65 outpatients, including 33 ulcerative colitis (UC) and 32 Crohn’s disease (CD) were prospectively enrolled in Gangnam Severance Hospital. As a control group, age- and gender-matched 260 subjects were included among the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) data. Anthropometry and body composition data were collected by bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA); meanwhile, nutrient intake was measured based on diet diary.
Results
Based on Asia Pacific criteria, more than half of both UC and control group were obese or overweight, on the other hands, CD was relatively low, about 1/3. Compared with the UC group, body fat index including both fat mass index (FMI) and body fat percentage (BFP) were significantly lower in the CD group. Following nutrients intake including intake of energy, carbohydrate, niacin, sodium and potassium were significantly lower in UC than the control group. Meanwhile, intake of carbohydrate, thiamine, niacin, sodium, potassium and iron was significantly lower in CD than the control group. In addition, the ratio of energy intake through protein and fat was significantly higher in the IBD than the control group.
Conclusion
Similar to the control group, more than half of UC patients were overweight or obesity, meanwhile, the proportion of obese patients in CD was lower than in the control group. The ratio of energy intake through protein and fat was significantly higher in IBD than in the control group. Our results may have clinical implications for risk of IBD development in terms of dietary pattern and further direction of nutritional intervention.
Differences in Nutrient Intake with Homemade versus Chef-Prepared Specific Carbohydrate Diet Therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Insights into Dietary Research