scholarly journals Diagnostic Stability of Major Depressive Disorder in hospitalized patients in a University Hospital: a Brief Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-144
Author(s):  
Enrique De Doménico ◽  
João Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia ◽  
Antonio Ventriglio ◽  
Julio Torales
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diagnostic Stability ◽  
Probabilistic Sampling ◽  
National University

Introduction: There may be a discordance between diagnoses at admission and discharge of mentally ill patients with major issues regarding their diagnostic stability. The objective of this brief report was to determine the diagnostic stability of major depressive disorder at patients’ discharge and if the diagnosis of their hospital admission had been retained. Methodology: This was a pilot, descriptive, cross-sectional, and retrospective observational study. A non-probabilistic sampling of consecutive cases was used.  We reviewed the medical records, at admission and discharge, of patients with an initial diagnosis of major depressive disorder, hospitalized in the Department of Psychiatry of the ‘Hospital de Clínicas’ of the National University of Asunción, Paraguay, during the months of October to December 2020. Results: Fifty-three patients with a diagnosis of major depression on their hospital admission were included in the study (mean age = 35.7 ± 16.5 years). 79.2 % were women, 52.8 % were single, and 37.7 % were from the Central province of Paraguay. The most frequent diagnosis at discharge was borderline personality disorder, in 35.8% of cases. Major depressive disorder was confirmed in 15.1% of cases. No significant relationship was found between any discharge diagnosis and sociodemographic data. Conclusion: The results of this study, although preliminary, described the trajectories of diagnoses in the Psychiatry Department of a University hospital, but confirmatory studies are needed.

scholarly journals The association between alexithymia and two dimensions of major depressive disorder: cognitive and somatic-affective

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-52
Author(s):  
Maja Vilibić ◽  
Anita Dostal ◽  
Dalibor Karlović
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
False Discovery Rate ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cognitive Dimension ◽  
False Discovery

Aim: To explore the association between alexithymia and two dimensions of major depressive disorder (MDD): cognitive and somatic-affective. Patients and methods. Unicentric, cross-sectional study included consecutive sample of 63 patients at the Department of Psychiatry (DoP), Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Centre, Zagreb, Croatia. Target population included outpatients with diagnosed MDD (F32 and F33, according to ICD-10). Inclusion criteria were: confirmed MDD diagnosis, age between 18 and 65 years, both genders, outpatient treatment at the DoP. The main outcome was the association between alexithymia, measured by total score on 20-item Toronto-Alexithymia scale (TAS-20), with two dimensions of MDD, cognitive and somatic-affective, measured by Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). Results: Both dimensions of BDI-II and the total severity of MDD symptoms were statistically significantly, although low, associated with alexithymia, and the differences between these two correlations were not (statistically) significant. However, in the multivariable model, the cognitive dimension (b = 0.64; β = 0.48; p = 0.002; statistically significant at the false discovery rate of 0.05) was primarily associated with alexithymia, and the somatic-affective was not, after all cognitive aspects were controlled for (b = -0.19; β = 0-0.14; p = 0.491; not statistically significant, with the false discovery rate of 0.05). Conclusion: Alexithymia is primarily associated with a pure cognitive dimension of MDD after somatic-affective elements are excluded. Somatic-affective dimension of MDD is not associated with alexithymia after the cognitive elements were controlled for. Both dimensions, as well as the overall severity of MDD, are associated with alexithymia, but this association is relatively low.

Coping Strategies in Patients Diagnosed with Major Depressive Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 3043-3045
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rafique Hingoro ◽  
Muhammad Najeeb Memon ◽  
Muhammad Ilyas Siddiqui ◽  
Jamil Junejo ◽  
Muneer Sadiq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pharmacological Therapy ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Cross Sectional

OBJECTIVE: To determine the coping strategies adopted by patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD) and their association with various socio-demographic variables. METHODOLOGY: This descriptive cross-sectional study was done on diagnosed patients of major depressive disorder presenting to the out-patient department of Liaquat University Hospital and Sir Cowasjee Jehangir Institute of Psychiatry, Hyderabad during 6 months from November 2019 to April 2020. All the cases aged >18 years, both gender and diagnosed with major depressive disorder were included. Depression coping questionnaire (DCQ) was administered to check for coping strategies employed. All the data was entered and analyzed by using statistical package for social sciences SPSS version 20. RESULTS: A majority of the sample comprised of middle-aged female patients, living in nuclear families in the urban setting with a middle socioeconomic status. The mean time delay in presenting to the OPD was 116±13 day. As per strategies the majority of the cases were taking pharmacological therapy and even fewer were under any other therapy. 92.75% of the patients admitted to employing coping strategies; a majority (78.57%) of whom deemed them useful. CONCLUSION: Coping strategies are adopted by many of the patients the belief of them being useful is prevalent. Different strategies are common among different sociodemographic groups, however, most of the coping strategies employed are negative and lead to negative consequences in the long run. Key words: Depression, coping, adopted, socio-demographic factors

Optical Coherence Tomography and Pattern Electroretinography Changes in Egyptian Patients with Major Depressive Disorder

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa S ElShaarawi ◽  
Ayman A Gaafar ◽  
Hisham S. Saad Eldin ◽  
Randa H Ali
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ophthalmological Examination ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pattern Electroretinography

Abstract Background Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common psychiatric disorder that affects nearly 11.1-14.6 % of the population in their lifetime. Pathophysiology and brain imaging findings show that degenerative and inflammatory processes may play a role. Meta-analysis of voxel-based morphometry studies in MDD demonstrated significant gray matter loss. From anatomical and embryological perspectives, the retina can be considered a unique extension of the brain and is able to reflect axonal histopathology. Being unmyelinated, it can provide insight into the pathophysiological processes of diseases with a neurodegenerative element. Aim to compare retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameters in a group of MDD patients with a healthy control group and to correlate OCT parameters with pattern electroretinography (PERG) parameters. Method a controlled cross sectional study was conducted on 30 MDD patients and 28 age and sex matched controls. Both groups had a full ophthalmological examination, OCT imaging and 7 patients and 11 controls have PERG recorded. Results Thinning of the superior retinal nerve fiber layer, thinning of most of the ganglion cell inner plexiform (GCIP) layer, thinning of most of the macular thickness and thinning of macular volume in both eyes were detected. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between the left GCIP layer and the amplitude of the N95 wave. Also a statistically significant negative correlation existed between MDD duration in years with the left eye's average volume of the outer ring of the macula. Conclusion Significant retinal changes were detected by OCT in MDD patients supporting the theory of neurodegeneration as a pathophysiology of MDD.

scholarly journals Previous disorders and depression outcomes in individuals with 12-month major depressive disorder in the World Mental Health surveys

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annelieke M. Roest ◽  
Ymkje Anna de Vries ◽  
Ali Al-Hamzawi ◽  
Jordi Alonso ◽  
Olatunde O. Ayinde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Epidemiological Surveys ◽  
Externalising Disorders ◽  
Days Out Of Role ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Aims Major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterised by a recurrent course and high comorbidity rates. A lifespan perspective may therefore provide important information regarding health outcomes. The aim of the present study is to examine mental disorders that preceded 12-month MDD diagnosis and the impact of these disorders on depression outcomes. Methods Data came from 29 cross-sectional community epidemiological surveys of adults in 27 countries (n = 80 190). The Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) was used to assess 12-month MDD and lifetime DSM-IV disorders with onset prior to the respondent's age at interview. Disorders were grouped into depressive distress disorders, non-depressive distress disorders, fear disorders and externalising disorders. Depression outcomes included 12-month suicidality, days out of role and impairment in role functioning. Results Among respondents with 12-month MDD, 94.9% (s.e. = 0.4) had at least one prior disorder (including previous MDD), and 64.6% (s.e. = 0.9) had at least one prior, non-MDD disorder. Previous non-depressive distress, fear and externalising disorders, but not depressive distress disorders, predicted higher impairment (OR = 1.4–1.6) and suicidality (OR = 1.5–2.5), after adjustment for sociodemographic variables. Further adjustment for MDD characteristics weakened, but did not eliminate, these associations. Associations were largely driven by current comorbidities, but both remitted and current externalising disorders predicted suicidality among respondents with 12-month MDD. Conclusions These results illustrate the importance of careful psychiatric history taking regarding current anxiety disorders and lifetime externalising disorders in individuals with MDD.

scholarly journals Predictors of 1-Year Rehospitalization for Patients with Major Depressive Disorder: A Retrospective Study in a University Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-73
Author(s):  
Ji-Min Yoo ◽  
Sung-Min Kim ◽  
Yoo-Hyun Um ◽  
Tae-Won Kim ◽  
Ho-Jun Seo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Major Depressive

scholarly journals Major depression subtypes are differentially associated with migraine subtype, prevalence and severity

Cephalalgia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Pisanu ◽  
Emma Lundin ◽  
Martin Preisig ◽  
Mehdi Gholam-Rezaee ◽  
Enrique Castelao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Migraine With Aura ◽  
Migraine Without Aura ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Depression Subtypes

Objective Migraine and major depressive disorder show a high rate of comorbidity, but little is known about the associations between the subtypes of major depressive disorder and migraine. In this cross-sectional study we aimed at investigating a) the lifetime associations between the atypical, melancholic, combined and unspecified subtype of major depressive disorder and migraine with and without aura and b) the associations between major depressive disorder and its subtypes and the severity of migraine. Methods A total of 446 subjects with migraine (migraine without aura: n = 294; migraine with aura: n = 152) and 2511 controls from the population-based CoLaus/PsyCoLaus study, Switzerland, were included. Associations between major depressive disorder subtypes and migraine characteristics were tested using binary logistic or linear regression. Results Melancholic, combined and unspecified major depressive disorder were associated with increased frequency of migraine with aura, whereas only melancholic major depressive disorder was associated with increased frequency of migraine without aura. Lifetime and unspecified major depressive disorder were associated with severe migraine intensity among subjects with migraine with aura but not migraine without aura, while combined major depressive disorder was associated with higher migraine frequency independently from migraine subtype. Conclusion This study suggests that melancholic but not atypical major depressive disorder is associated with migraine and migraine subtypes. Future studies exploring pathophysiological mechanisms shared between melancholic depression and migraine are warranted.

scholarly journals Lifetime prevalence and inter-cohort variation in DSM-IV disorders in metropolitan China

2006 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
SING LEE ◽  
ADLEY TSANG ◽  
MING-YUAN ZHANG ◽  
YUE-QIN HUANG ◽  
YAN-LING HE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Lifetime Risk ◽  
Lifetime Prevalence ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Background. This is the first study to examine variation across cohorts in lifetime risk of DSM-IV mental disorders in metropolitan China.Method. Face-to-face household interviews of 2633 adults in Beijing and 2568 adults in Shanghai were conducted from November 2001 to February 2002 using a multi-stage household probability sampling method. The Chinese World Mental Health (WMH) Survey Initiative version of the WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview (WMH-CIDI) was used for assessment.Results. Lifetime prevalence of any disorder was 13·2%. Alcohol abuse (4·7%), major depressive disorder (3·5%), and specific phobia (2·6%) were the most common disorders. The median age of onset was later for mood (43 years) than anxiety (17 years) and substance use (25 years) disorders. Compared to observed lifetime prevalence, the projected lifetime risk as of age 75 years increased by 106% for major depressive disorder (7·2%), and was uniformly higher for all disorders. Relative odds of any lifetime disorder were 4·7 in the most recent cohorts (ages 18–34) compared to the eldest cohorts (ages [ges ]65).Conclusions. The findings of this cross-sectional study tally with the view that rapid socioeconomic changes may bring about increasing incidence of mental disorders in China. However, prospective longitudinal studies are needed to confirm if the increase is real. Because of the huge size of the Chinese population, any increase in projected lifetime risk of mental disorders represents an enormous increase in the number of affected individuals.

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