Evaluation of Dogs with Border Collie Collapse, Including Response to Two Standardized Strenuous Exercise Protocols

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 281-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Taylor ◽  
Cindy Shmon ◽  
Lillian Su ◽  
Tasha Epp ◽  
Katie Minor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Sinus Tachycardia ◽  
Exercise Intolerance ◽  
Strenuous Exercise ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Blood Ph ◽  
Abnormal Gait ◽  
Metabolic Variables ◽  
Exercise Induced

ABSTRACT Clinical and metabolic variables were evaluated in 13 dogs with border collie collapse (BCC) before, during, and following completion of standardized strenuous exercise protocols. Six dogs participated in a ball-retrieving protocol, and seven dogs participated in a sheep-herding protocol. Findings were compared with 16 normal border collies participating in the same exercise protocols (11 retrieving, five herding). Twelve dogs with BCC developed abnormal mentation and/or an abnormal gait during evaluation. All dogs had post-exercise elevations in rectal temperature, pulse rate, arterial blood pH, PaO2, and lactate, and decreased PaCO2 and bicarbonate, as expected with strenuous exercise, but there were no significant differences between BCC dogs and normal dogs. Electrocardiography demonstrated sinus tachycardia in all dogs following exercise. Needle electromyography was normal, and evaluation of muscle biopsy cryosections using a standard panel of histochemical stains and reactions did not reveal a reason for collapse in 10 dogs with BCC in which these tests were performed. Genetic testing excluded the dynamin-1 related exercise-induced collapse mutation and the V547A malignant hyperthermia mutation as the cause of BCC. Common reasons for exercise intolerance were eliminated. Although a genetic basis is suspected, the cause of collapse in BCC was not determined.

Evaluations of Labrador Retrievers With Exercise-Induced Collapse, Including Response to a Standardized Strenuous Exercise Protocol

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan M. Taylor ◽  
Cindy L. Shmon ◽  
Vicki J. Adams ◽  
James R. Mickelson ◽  
Edward (Ned) E. Patterson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Alkalosis ◽  
Exercise Intolerance ◽  
Strenuous Exercise ◽  
Exercise Protocol ◽  
Abnormal Gait ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Lactate And Pyruvate ◽  
Metabolic Variables ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Labrador Retrievers

Clinical and metabolic variables were evaluated in 14 Labrador retrievers with exerciseinduced collapse (EIC) before, during, and following completion of a standardized strenuous exercise protocol. Findings were compared with previously reported variables from 14 normal Labrador retrievers that participated in the same protocol. Ten of 14 dogs with EIC developed an abnormal gait during evaluation, and these dogs were significantly more tachycardic and had a more severe respiratory alkalosis after exercise compared to the normal dogs. Muscle biopsy characteristics and sequential lactate and pyruvate concentrations were normal. Genetic testing and linkage analysis excluded malignant hyperthermia as the cause of EIC. Common causes of exercise intolerance were eliminated, but the cause of collapse in EIC was not determined.

scholarly journals Effects of Catecholamines on Gas Exchange and Ventilation in Rainbow Trout (Salmo Gairdneri)

1990 ◽  
Vol 152 (1) ◽  
pp. 353-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICHARD C. PLAYLE ◽  
R. STEPHEN MUNGER ◽  
CHRIS M. WOOD
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Exchange Ratio ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Strenuous Exercise ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Blood Ph ◽  
Base Parameters ◽  
Co2 Excretion

A transient inhibitory effect of catecholamines on relative CO2 excretion, mediated by an inhibition of HCO3− dehydration through the red blood cell (RBC), has been proposed to cause the increase in PaCOCO2 routinely observed after strenuous exercise in fish (‘CO2 retention hypothesis’, Wood and Perry, 1985). To evaluate this idea, trout fitted with arterial cannulae, oral membranes and opercular catheters were placed in ventilation chambers. PaCOCO2 RBC intracellular pH (pHi) and other blood acid-base parameters were monitored from the arterial cannulae. The ventilation chamber system allowed continuous, almost instantaneous, measurements of water ΔO2 and ΔCO2 across the gills, and therefore of respiratory exchange ratio (RE), as well as Δammonia, mean expired pH and ventilation volume (Vw). Physiological doses of adrenaline and noradrenaline (3.2nmolkg−1), designed to duplicate typical post-exercise concentrations, together with appropriate saline controls, were injected into resting fish. Adrenaline caused an immediate hypoventilation, while the response to noradrenaline was biphasic: hyperventilation followed by hypoventilation. With both drugs, ΔO2 and ΔCO2 increased, but RE remained constant (adrenaline) or increased (noradrenaline). There was no evidence of a specific inhibition of CO2 excretion, nor was there any increase in PaCOCO2; changes in RBC pHi were small (noradrenaline) or non-existent (adrenaline). These results confirm those of Steffensen et al. (1987) and do not support the CO2 retention hypothesis. However, the RBCs of resting trout may be relatively insensitive to catecholamines at normal arterial blood pH (pHa).

Border Collie Collapse: Owner Survey Results and Veterinary Description of Videotaped Episodes

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 364-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Taylor ◽  
Katie Minor ◽  
Cindy L. Shmon ◽  
G. Diane Shelton ◽  
Edward E. Patterson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Exercise Intolerance ◽  
Strenuous Exercise ◽  
Central Nervous System Disorder ◽  
Abnormal Gait ◽  
Strenuous Activity ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Pelvic Limb ◽  
System Disorder ◽  
Environmental Temperatures

ABSTRACT Completed surveys were obtained from owners of 165 border collies experiencing repeated episodes of abnormal gait or collapse during strenuous exercise. Unremarkable veterinary evaluation and lack of disease progression over time made common systemic, cardiac, and neurologic causes of exercise intolerance unlikely. Survey questions addressed signalment, age of onset, description of episodes, and owner perception of factors associated with collapse. Most dogs were young adults (median 2 yr) when episodes began, and they had experienced from 2 to more than 100 episodes (median 6) prior to their owners completing the survey. Retrieving was the activity most commonly associated with episodes (112/165 dogs, 68%), followed by herding stock (39/165 dogs, 24%). Owners reported that high environmental temperatures (111/165 dogs, 67%) and excitement (67/165 dogs, 41%) increased the likelihood of their dog having an episode during strenuous activity. Veterinary evaluation of videotapes of presumed border collie collapse (BCC) episodes (40 dogs) were used to provide a description of the typical features of BCC episodes. Altered mentation, symmetrical ataxia affecting all four limbs, increased pelvic limb extensor tone and toe scuffing or knuckling, truncal swaying, and falling to the side were common features, suggesting that BCC may be an episodic diffuse central nervous system disorder.

scholarly journals Case Report: Exercise-Induced Supraventricular Tachycardia in a 16-Year-Old Boy with Tricuspid Regurgitation

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Putu Satya Pratiwi ◽  
Romy Windiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Supraventricular Tachycardia ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Sinus Tachycardia ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Advanced Life Support ◽  
Strenuous Exercise ◽  
Compensatory Response ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Narrow Complex Tachycardia

Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is a tachydysrhythmia that is often found in pediatric patients which requires treatment. In contrast to sinus tachycardia, SVT is not a normal compensatory response to physiologi-cal stress. This article discusses the case of supraventricular tachycardia in a 16-year-old boy, which appear during strenuous exercise. In this case a guide was also provided in identifying SVT, excluding the differential diagnosis for narrow complex tachycardia, followed by guidelines for the management of pediatric tachycardia based on the Pediatric Advanced Life Support algorithm.

scholarly journals ProbioticBacillus coagulansGBI-30, 6086 reduces exercise-induced muscle damage and increases recovery

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e2276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf Jäger ◽  
Kevin A. Shields ◽  
Ryan P. Lowery ◽  
Eduardo O. De Souza ◽  
Jeremy M. Partl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Bacillus Coagulans ◽  
Exercise Bout ◽  
Strenuous Exercise ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Exercise Induced

Objective.Probiotics have been reported to support healthy digestive and immune function, aid in protein absorption, and decrease inflammation. Further, a trend to increase vertical jump power has been observed following co-administration of protein and probiotics in resistance-trained subjects. However, to date the potential beneficial effect of probiotics on recovery from high intensity resistance exercise have yet to be explored. Therefore, this study examined the effect of co-administration of protein and probiotics on muscle damage, recovery and performance following a damaging exercise bout.Design.Twenty nine (n= 29) recreationally-trained males (mean ± SD; 21.5 ± 2.8 years; 89.7 ± 28.2 kg; 177.4 ± 8.0 cm) were assigned to consume either 20 g of casein (PRO) or 20 g of casein plus probiotic (1 billion CFUBacillus coagulansGBI-30, 6086, PROBC) in a crossover, diet-controlled design. After two weeks of supplementation, perceptional measures, athletic performance, and muscle damage were analyzed following a damaging exercise bout.Results.The damaging exercise bout significantly increased muscle soreness, and reduced perceived recovery; however, PROBC significantly increased recovery at 24 and 72 h, and decreased soreness at 72 h post exercise in comparison to PRO. Perceptual measures were confirmed by increases in CK (PRO: +266.8%,p= 0.0002; PROBC: +137.7%,p= 0.01), with PROBC showing a trend towards reduced muscle damage (p= 0.08). The muscle-damaging exercise resulted in significantly increased muscle swelling and Blood Urea Nitrogen levels in both conditions with no difference between groups. The strenuous exercise significantly reduced athletic performance in PRO (Wingate Peak Power; PRO: (−39.8 watts, −5.3%,p= 0.03)), whereas PROBC maintained performance (+10.1 watts, +1.7%).Conclusions.The results provide evidence that probiotic supplementation in combination with protein tended to reduce indices of muscle damage, improves recovery, and maintains physical performance subsequent to damaging exercise.

scholarly journals Exercise and immune function: effect of ageing and nutrition

1999 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 733-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bente Klarlund Pedersen ◽  
Helle Bruunsgaard ◽  
Marianne Jensen ◽  
Karen Krzywkowski ◽  
Kenneth Ostrowski
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Nutritional Supplementation ◽  
Strenuous Exercise ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Natural Immunity ◽  
Physiological Basis ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Immune Changes

Strenuous exercise is followed by lymphopenia, neutrophilia, impaired natural immunity, decreased lymphocyte proliferative responses to mitogens, a low level of secretory immunoglobulin A in saliva, but high circulating levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. These exercise-induced immune changes may provide the physiological basis of altered resistance to infections. The mechanisms underlying exercise-induced immune changes are multifactorial and include neuroendocrinological and metabolic mechanisms. Nutritional supplementation with glutamine abolishes the exercise-induced decline in plasma glutamine, but does not influence post-exercise immune impairment. However, carbohydrate loading diminishes most exercise effects of cytokines, lymphocyte and neutrophils. The diminished neutrophilia and elastase (EC3.4.21.37) responses to eccentric exercise in elderly subjects were enhanced to levels comparable with those of young subjects by fish oil or vitamin E supplements. However, although vitamin C supplementation may diminish the risk of contracting an infection after strenuous exercise, it is not obvious that this effect is linked to an effect of vitamin C on exercise-induced immune changes. In conclusion, it is premature to make recommendations regarding nutritional supplementation to avoid post-exercise impairment of the immune system.

scholarly journals The influence of exercise intensity and exercise mode on gastrointestinal damage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate H Edwards ◽  
Kiran DK Ahuja ◽  
Greig Watson ◽  
Courtney Dowling ◽  
Harrison Musgrave ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Threshold ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding Protein ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Strenuous Exercise ◽  
Dose Response Relationship ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Gastrointestinal Damage ◽  
Exercise Induced

Strenuous exercise increases gastrointestinal damage, but the dose-response relationship is yet to be elucidated. It is also commonly believed that running causes greater gastrointestinal damage than cycling. Two randomised, cross-over studies aimed to 1) quantify gastrointestinal damage with increasing exercise intensity, and 2) determine if running was associated with greater gastrointestinal damage than cycling. Following a V̇O2max test, participants completed three cycling trials at different intensities (60min at 40%, 60% and 80% V̇O2max; n=10 (5 female, 5 male)) (INTENSITY), or one running and one cycling trial (45min at 70% V̇O2max; n=11 (3 female, 8 male)) (MODE). Venous blood samples were collected pre- and post- exercise to measure gastrointestinal damage via intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP). In INTENSITY, I-FABP magnitude of change was greater at 80% V̇O2max than 40% V̇O2max (p<0.01). In MODE, I-FABP magnitude of change was greater with cycling (mean (SD)) (84.7 (133.2)% d=1.07) compared to running (19.3 (33.1)%, d=0.65) with a moderate effect (d=0.68, p=0.024). RPE and HR were higher during cycling (RPE p<0.0001; HR p<0.0001) but rectal temperature was not different between modes (p=0.94). While gastrointestinal damage increases with increasing exercise intensity, running was not associated with greater gastrointestinal damage than cycling. Novelty Bullets: •A fraction of the anaerobic threshold, rather than a fraction of V̇O2max, may be more predictive of intensity that results in exercise induced gastrointestinal damage •The mode of exercise may not be as important as intensity for inducing gastrointestinal damage •Improving anaerobic threshold may reduce susceptibility to gastrointestinal damage when exercising at high intensities

scholarly journals Metabolomics-Based Studies Assessing Exercise-Induced Alterations of the Human Metabolome: A Systematic Review

Metabolites ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Sakaguchi ◽  
David Nieman ◽  
Etore Signini ◽  
Raphael Abreu ◽  
Aparecida Catai
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Strenuous Exercise ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Plasma Metabolite ◽  
Response To Exercise ◽  
Analytical Platforms

This systematic review provides a qualitative appraisal of 24 high-quality metabolomics-based studies published over the past decade exploring exercise-induced alterations of the human metabolome. Of these papers, 63% focused on acute metabolite changes following intense and prolonged exercise. The best studies utilized liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analytical platforms with large chemical standard libraries and strong, multivariate bioinformatics support. These studies reported large-fold changes in diverse lipid-related metabolites, with more than 100 increasing two-fold or greater within a few hours post-exercise. Metabolite shifts, even after strenuous exercise, typically return to near pre-exercise levels after one day of recovery. Few studies investigated metabolite changes following acute exercise bouts of shorter durations (< 60 min) and workload volumes. Plasma metabolite shifts in these types of studies are modest in comparison. More cross-sectional and exercise training studies are needed to improve scientific understanding of the human system’s response to varying, chronic exercise workloads. The findings derived from this review provide direction for future investigations focused on the body’s metabolome response to exercise.

scholarly journals Exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage in horses – review

2013 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-316
Author(s):  
Gabriel Morán ◽  
Hugo Folch
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Pulmonary Haemorrhage ◽  
Exercise Intolerance ◽  
Strenuous Exercise ◽  
The Past ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Pulmonary Capillaries ◽  
Considerable Debate ◽  
Exercise Induced

Exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage is a major cause of poor performance in the equine athlete. It is an important cause of exercise intolerance and results from strenuous exercise and pathophysiological changes in the equine lung and possibly in the airways. Endoscopic surveys of the respiratory tracts of horses after competitive events have shown that many horses experience exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage. The reported incidence of exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage in different breeds varies between 40–85%. The cause of bleeding in exercising horses has fostered considerable debate over the past three centuries, but currently, the most accepted hypothesis is that the source of haemorrhage is disruption of the pulmonary capillaries during exercise. Furosemide is the medication used most widely for the treatment and prevention of exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage. This review provides an update on the aetiology, clinical signs, physiopathology, diagnosis and treatment of exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage.

Exercise-Induced Fibrinolysis – Fact or Fiction?

1982 ◽  
Vol 48 (02) ◽  
pp. 201-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
N A Marsh ◽  
P J Gaffney
Keyword(s):  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Coagulation Factors ◽  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Strenuous Exercise ◽  
Fibrin Degradation Products ◽  
Real Increase ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Male Subjects

SummaryThe effect of strenuous exercise on the fibrinolytic and coagulation mechanisms was examined in six healthy male subjects. Five min bicycle exercise at a work-rate of 800 to 1200 kpm. min−1 produced an abrupt increase in plasma plasminogen activator levels which disappeared after 90 min. However, there was no change in early or late fibrin degradation products nor was there a change in fibrinopeptide A levels or βthromboglobulin levels after exercise although activated partial thromboplastin times were significantly shortened. It is concluded that strenuous exercise does not produce any real increase in fibrinogen-fibrin conversion nor any real increase in the breakdown of these proteins. The role of exercise-induced release of plasminogen activator remains unclear, but probably helps to maintain plasma levels in a discontinuous manner concurrently with the continuous low-level secretion from the vascular wall. The shortening of partial thromboplastin time may be due to the raised levels of plasminogen activator changing the activation state of other coagulation factors.

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