A study on Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Women with Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 2782-2784
Author(s):  
Kashif Ali Samin ◽  
Muhammad Ikram Shah ◽  
Gohar Ali Khan ◽  
Nasir Mahmood ◽  
Muhammad Bilal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Urine Specimen ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients

Background: Diabetes is the common predisposing factor for Urinary Tract Infection. In diabetic patients, asymptomatic bacteriuria is more prevalent in females compared to male patients. Bacteria count for similar species over 10^5 per ml in urine specimen of mild stream clean catch without urinary infection is known as Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB). Asymptomatic bacteriuria appears to be incurable, recurring in diabetic patients. Aim: The current study aim to determine the outcomes of asymptomatic bacteriuria in patients with diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 85 women of diabetes mellitus in the department of General Medicine, Qazi Hussain Ahmad Medical Complex Nowshera and Jinnah Medical College Peshawar for duration of six months from June 2020 to December 2020. Detailed and follow-up histories of all the patients were studied, compared, and reported. Individuals who met the inclusive criteria were enrolled in this study. Women on steroid therapy, with immunodeficiency, and incomplete follow-up history were excluded. The outcome of symptomatic and asymptomatic patients was followed for positive culture in a time span of 3 and 6 months. SPSS version 20 was used for data analysis purposes. Results: The mean age of the patients was 57+15.3. Of the total, 13 (15.3%) UTI were symptomatic women with diabetes, and UTI in asymptomatic patients was 72 (84.7%). In symptomatic cases, the prevalence of hypertension, Macroalbuminuria, and Microalbuminuria were 7 (53.4%), 3 (23.3%), and 3 (23.3%) respectively. HbA1C and eGFR (ml/min/1.732) level was 8.5+0.85 and 92.07+10.3 respectively. Conclusion: Our study concluded that urinary culture detected significant bacteriuria without symptoms such as fever, painful micturition, and urgency, frequent micturition, flank pain, burning micturition, and suprapubic pain. Symptomatic and asymptomatic bacteriuria is more common in females. Also, asymptomatic bacteriuria appears to be incurable, recurring in diabetic females. Keywords: Asymptomatic, Bacteriuria, Diabetes mellitus

scholarly journals The result of treadmill test in asymptomatic type 2 diabetes mellitus

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anil Shrinivasrao Joshi ◽  
Chandrakant Gunaji Lahane ◽  
Akshay Arvind Kashid
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Duration Of Diabetes ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">To study the prevalence of silent myocardial ischaemia in asymptomatic patients with type 2 DM</span>.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">The present study was conducted in the Govt. Medical College and Hospital Aurangabad. During December 2012 to November 2014 with 50 patients. It was two year cross sectional study with the patients of asymptomatic type 2 diabetes mellitus without clinical and electrocardiographic evidence of coronary artery disease. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">12 (24%) out of 50 subjects had positive TMT. It correlated with years of duration of diabetes (9 positive TMT cases with duration of diabetes more than 10 years). 5 (25%) out of 20 had serum cholesterol levels &gt;240, Number of positive TMT were higher in patients with LDL &gt;160 [5 (25%) out of 20]</span>.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Diabetic patients are at very high risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Early detection of IHD is very important so that pharmacological therapy, which may improve outcome, can be established. Tread mill exercise TMT being a non-invasive test with high safety, has an important role in early detection of IHD. It is recommended that TMT should be a part of routine management in asymptomatic patients with type II DM. </span></p>

Direct Financial Cost of Diabetes Mellitus among Adult Sudanese Patients in Khartoum State 2016-2017

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Elnil ◽  
Zeinab Swaraldahab ◽  
Sulaf Ibrahim Abdelaziz
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Annual Cost ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Tight Glycemic Control ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Total Annual Cost ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease with devastating short and long-term complications that affect productivity. The corner stone for diabetes care is tight glycemic control with regular follow up. To achieve this care, medications and other health care services must be available and affordable. Objective: To estimate the direct cost of diabetes mellitus care among adult patients in Khartoum state. Methods: Cross-sectional study using multi-stage sampling technique to select the facilities proportional to population size. Patients were interviewed using questionnaire. Results: The total annual cost of Diabetes was estimated to be 3820 Sudanese pound (SDG) per person. Hospitalizations fees accounted for the major portion of the cost. Forty-seven percent of the patients were admitted with diabetes related problems during the previous year. One in four of the diabetic patients had no sufficient supply of medications. Conclusion: The total annual cost was significantly lower among those with regular follow up visits than those with irregular visits (P < 0.03). Emphasis should be put on providing affordable and available health services and medication especially at PHC level.

scholarly journals Study on Thyroid Dysfunction in Patients with Type-2 Diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (52) ◽  
pp. 3142-3147
Author(s):  
Senthil Chander ◽  
Kalpana Dev Venkatesan ◽  
Christina Mary Paul
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is one of the leading endocrine disorders worldwide. Thyroid dysfunction is a common endocrine disorder affecting the general population next to diabetes. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction among patients with Type 2 diabetes. METHODS This analytical cross sectional study was conducted from June 2019 to Dec 2019. One hundred and fifty type–2 diabetes patients who attended the outpatient clinic of General Medicine Department, ACS Medical College and Hospital were included in the study. A detailed history and examination was done after getting informed consent. Blood samples were collected and sent to the laboratory for the evaluation of thyroid profile. RESULTS Thyroid dysfunction was found in 27 % of the patients with diabetes. Subclinical hypothyroidism was the most common thyroid dysfunction reported (14.7 %) followed by clinical hypothyroidism (10 %), subclinical hyperthyroidism (2 %) and clinical hyperthyroidism (0.6 %). CONCLUSIONS Thyroid dysfunction is common in patients with type-2 diabetes. A substantial proportion of the diabetic patients with thyroid dysfunction have subclinical hypothyroidism. Unidentified thyroid dysfunction could negatively impact diabetes and its complications. Therefore, early and routine screening of thyroid is recommended in all patients with diabetes to reduce the burden of the disease. KEYWORDS Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus, Thyroid Dysfunction, Hypothyroidism

scholarly journals Predictors of self-care activities of outpatient diabetic residents in Harar and Dire Dawa: A hospital-based cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 205031211986564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behailu Hawulte Ayele ◽  
Melkamu Merid Mengesha ◽  
Tewodros Tesfa
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dire Dawa

Objectives: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder of major public health importance due to its prevalence and potential health complication. The success of long-term maintenance therapy of diabetes patients depends largely on their ability to adherence to self-care practices. Africa’s most populous country, Ethiopia, has the highest burden of diabetes mellitus. However, studies on self-care activities of diabetic patients are limited. Therefore, this study measures the level of self-care activities of diabetic patients in a follow-up clinic of public hospitals in Harar and Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 320 randomly selected diabetic patients in Harar and Dire Dawa. A standard diabetic self-care activity interview tool was used to collect the data. Data were entered into Epi-data v 3.1 and STATA v 14.2 was used for analysis. Our outcome variable, self-care activities, has three ordered categories and a robust Ordinal logistic regression was used to identify predictors. All statistical tests with p-value <0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results: The self-care activities of study participants were rated good for 38.1% (95% confidence interval: 32.94, 43.60). Being rural residents (adjusted odds ratio = 0.38, 95% confidence interval: 0.17, 0.82), attended secondary education (adjusted odds ratio = 2.96, 95% confidence interval: 1.51, 5.78), uncontrolled blood glucose (adjusted odds ratio = 1.68, 95% confidence interval: 1.02, 2.79), and had diabetic complications (one, adjusted odds ratio = 1.91, 95% confidence interval: 1.08, 3.38; two or more, adjusted odds ratio = 4.71, 95% confidence interval: 1.81, 12.25) were significantly associated with the better diabetes mellitus self-care activities. Conclusion: Significant number of diabetes mellitus patients living in rural areas did not adhere to diabetic self-care activities. This is more evident among participants who have limited or no formal education and patients with controlled blood glucose level. Therefore, individualized diabetic lifestyle education programs in follow-up clinics should target these population groups to improve self-care.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Awareness of Diabetic Retinopathy among Diabetic Sudanese Patients, Khartoum State, Sudan, 2018

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed I. M. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Background: The level of awareness of diabetic retinopathy is considered an important factor for early diagnosis and management of diabetic retinopathy. This study aimed to assess the level of awareness of diabetic retinopathy among patients with diabetes mellitus in Khartoum, Sudan. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among diabetic patients attending Zeenam and Abdullah Khalil Diabetic Centers between June and September 2018. A convenience sample of diabetic patients was used. Information on the sociodemographic characteristics of the patients, patients’ knowledge, compliance with available treatments, and routine eye examinations was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Patients were also asked about the barriers that may interfere with a regular eye examination. Results: A total of 200 patients were enrolled and 94 (47%) of them were female; 13% of the respondents were diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy, 31.5% were hypertensive, and 13.5% had hyperlipidemia. Additionally, 88.5% of the patients were aware that DM can affect their eyes and 87% had never been diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy. Although around 83% thought that diabetic retinopathy could lead to blindness, only 35.5% of them had undergone fundus examination by ophthalmologists. Moreover, 39% of the participants had irregular diabetes follow-up and 43% monthly follow-up. Only 31% went for regular eye check-up; however, their compliance with routine retinal assessment was poor, with a total of 72.5% of participants assuming that they have good vision and need not get their eyes checked up regularly. The chief factor that was related to increased awareness of diabetic retinopathy in the study was the level of education. Conclusion: Although a large proportion of diabetic patients in Khartoum are aware that diabetes mellitus can affect their eyes, regular retinal assessment of patients was poor, thus hindering early diagnosis and management.

scholarly journals A STUDY TO ASSESS OCCURRENCE OF NON ALCOLOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE AND LIVER FIBROSIS IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS AND THE ASSOCIATED FACTORS

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pankaj Mangal ◽  
Ashok Kumar Vedwal ◽  
C L Nawal ◽  
P D Meena
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Severe Fibrosis

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the burden of NAFLD and severe fibrosis among DM population. Methods: It was a hospital based observational and cross-sectional study. Upgraded department of General Medicine, SMS Medical College andAttached Hospitals, (Jaipur). Results: Out of 100 patients 48 patients did not have NAFLD while 52 patients had NAFLD. Thus proportion of NAFLD in diabetic patients was quite high (52%). Out of 52 NAFLD patients 27 patients (51.9%) had mild liver fibrosis, 14 patients (26.9%) had significant fibrosis and 11 patients (21.2%) had severe liver fibrosis. Thus proportion of NAFLD patients with significant and severe fibrosis was quite high (26.9% and 21.2%respectively). Conclusion: From the study it can be concluded that the prevalence of NAFLD in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in department ofmedicine at S. M. S. Hospital, Jaipur is 52% and moderate and severe fibrosis is found in 26.9% and 21.2% patients respectively among them. BMI and the waist circumference are the factors in our study that have shown association with the incidence of NAFLD in type 2 DM patients. Keywords: DM, NAFLD, BMI.

A cross sectional study on assessment of risk of diabetes mellitus using Indian diabetic risk score in a medical college teaching hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-40
Author(s):  
Singam Sivasankar Reddy ◽  
Syeda Rahath ◽  
Rakshitha H N ◽  
Godson K Lal ◽  
Swathy S ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patient Counselling ◽  
Related Quality

The objective of the study was to evaluate the risk of diabetes mellitus in elderlywith age above 20 years in a hospital setting using Indian Diabetes risk score and to provide patient counselling regarding their life style modifications and health related quality of life among participants with high risk of developing diabetes.A total of 125 non diabetic patients were interviewed with a pre designed selfstructured questionnaire (IDRS). Participants were chosen voluntarily and a written consent was obtained before the administration of the questionnaire from individual patients. In our study we observed that out of 125 patients,males 26[59%]and 18[41%] females were at high risk, males 39[58.2%] and 28[41.8%] females were at moderate risk, males 5[35.7%] and 9[64.3%] females were at low risk of developing diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Poor Glycemic and Lipid Levels in Ambulatory Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients in Asmara, Eritrea: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Okoth Achila ◽  
Millen Ghebretinsae ◽  
Abraham Kidane ◽  
Michael Simon ◽  
Shewit Makonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Specific Lipid

Objective. There is a dearth of relevant research on the rapidly evolving epidemic of diabetes mellitus (particularly Type 2 diabetes mellitus) in sub-Saharan Africa. To address some of these issues in the Eritrean context, we conducted a cross-sectional study on glycemic and lipid profiles and associated risk factors. Methods. A total of 309 patients with diabetes mellitus on regular follow-up at the Diabetic and Hypertensive Department at Halibet Regional Referral Hospital, Asmara, were enrolled for the study. Data on specific clinical chemistry and anthropomorphic parameters was collected. Chi-squared (χ2) test or Fischer’s exact test was used to evaluate the relationship between specific variables. Multivariate logistic regression (backward: conditional) was undertaken to identify the factors associated with increased odds of suboptimal values in glucose and specific lipid panel subfractions. Results. High proportions of patients (76.7%) had suboptimal levels of HbA1c with a mean±SD of 8.6%±1.36, respectively. In multivariate regression analysis, the likelihood of HbA1c≥7% was higher in patients with abnormal WHR (AOR=3.01, 95% CI, 3.01 (1.15–7.92=0.024)) and in patients without hypertension (AOR=1.97, 95% CI (1.06–3.56), p=0.021). A unit reduction in eGFR was also associated with HbA1c≥7% (AOR=0.99, 95% CI (0.98–1=0.031)). In a separate analysis, the data shows that 80.9% of the patients had dyslipidemia. In particular, 62.1% of the patients had TC≥200 mg/dL (risk factors: sex, hypertension, and HbA1c concentration), 81.6% had LDL‐C≥100 mg/dL (risk factors: sex and hypertension), 56.3% had TG≥150 (risk factors: sex, HbA1c, and waist circumference), 62.8% had abnormal HDL-C (risk factors: waist circumference), 78.3% had non‐HDL<130 mg/dL (risk factors: duration of disease, reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate, and HbA1c), and 45.3% had abnormal TG/HDL (risk factors: sex, age of patient, FPG, and waist circumference). Conclusions. The quality of care, as measured by glycemic and specific lipid targets, in this setting is suboptimal. Therefore, there is an urgent need for simultaneous improvements in both indicators. This will require evidence-based optimization of pharmacological and lifestyle interventions. Therefore, additional studies, preferably longitudinal studies with long follow-up, are required on multiple aspects of DM.

THE PREVALENCE OF HYPERTENSION IN DIABETIC AND NON-DIABETIC STROKE PATIENTS IN COMMUNITY HOSPITAL OF DISTRICT SWAT, PAKISTAN

1969 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-191
Author(s):  
Sahibzada Saeed Jan ◽  
Taj Muhammad Khan ◽  
Alamzeb ◽  
Izaz-urrahman ◽  
Amanullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Community Hospital ◽  
Macrovascular Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hospital District

Background: As hypertension is the most important risk factor for stroke, it is generally considered to beasymptomatic condition and require lifetime therapy which may include chemotherapy and lifestylechanges. Hypertension also clearly contributes to the risk of macrovascular disease in patients with type-IIdiabetes mellitus. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of hypertension indiabetic and non-diabetic stroke patients in community hospital district Swat. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study, comprised of 100 subjects, 50 were diabetic and 50 werenon-diabetic stroke patients of ages between 28 to 90 years. The blood sugar (random and fasting), bloodpressure (systolic and diastolic) of Diabetic stroke subjects were compared with Non-diabetic strokesubjects. Results: The prevalence of hypertension was significantly high in diabetic stroke subject as compared tonon-diabetic stroke subjects. Conclusion: Diabetic patients with persistently elevated blood pressure are more prone to develop stroke ascompared to non diabetic with hypertension KEYWORDS:Stroke, Diabetes mellitus, hypertension.

scholarly journals Self-reported health status, treatment decision and survival in asymptomatic and symptomatic patients with aortic stenosis in a Western Norway population undergoing conservative treatment: a cross-sectional study with 18 months follow-up

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. e016489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kjersti Oterhals ◽  
Rune Haaverstad ◽  
Jan Erik Nordrehaug ◽  
Geir Egil Eide ◽  
Tone M Norekvål
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Treatment Decision ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Western Norway ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Reported Health ◽  
Self Reported Health Status

ObjectivesTo investigate symptoms and self-reported health of patients conservatively treated for aortic stenosis (AS) and to identify factors associated with treatment decision and patient outcomes.DesignA cross-sectional survey with an 18-month follow-up.SettingOne tertiary university hospital in Western Norway.ParticipantsIn all, 1436 patients were diagnosed with AS between 2000 and 2012, and those 245 still under conservative treatment in 2013 were included in this study.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPrimary outcome measures were symptoms and self-reported health status. Secondary outcomes were treatment decision and patient survival after 18 months.ResultsA total of 136 patients with mean (SD) age 79 (12) years, 52% men responded. Among conservatively treated patients 77% were symptomatic. The symptom most frequently experienced was dyspnoea. Symptomatic patients reported worse physical and mental health compared with asymptomatic patients (effect size 1.24 and 0.74, respectively). In addition, symptomatic patients reported significantly higher levels of anxiety and depression compared with asymptomatic patients. However, symptom status did not correlate with haemodynamic severity of AS. After 18 months, 117 (86%) were still alive, 20% had undergone surgical aortic valve replacement (AVR) and 7% transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). When adjusting for age, gender, symptomatic status, severity of AS and European system for cardiac operative risk evaluation (EuroSCORE), patients with severe AS had more than sixfold chance of being scheduled for AVR or TAVI compared with those with moderate AS (HR 6.3, 95% CI 1.9 to 21.2, p=0.003). Patients with EuroSCORE ≥11 had less chance for undergoing AVR or TAVI compared with those with EuroSCORE ≤5 (HR 0.06, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.46, p=0.007).ConclusionsSymptoms affected both physical and mental health in conservatively treated patients with AS. Many patients with symptomatic severe AS are not scheduled for surgery, despite the recommendations in current guidelines. The referral practice for AVR is a path for further investigation.

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