Factors affecting the severity and duration of outbreaks of upper respiratory tract infection in kindergartens in Hong Kong : case-control study

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wai-yee, Betty Cheung
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Associations of maternal upper respiratory tract infection/influenza during early pregnancy with congenital heart disease in offspring: evidence from a case-control study and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Q. Xia ◽  
K. N. Zhao ◽  
A. D. Zhao ◽  
J. Z. Zhu ◽  
H. F. Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Evidences regarding the associations between maternal upper respiratory tract infection/influenza during pregnancy and the risk of congenital heart disease (CHD) is still controversial. This study was specifically designed to examine the associations by a case-control study and a meta-analysis of the published evidences and our finding. Methods A hospital-based case-control study involving 262 children with simple CHD and 262 children with complex CHD, along with 262 control children, was conducted through June, 2016 to December, 2017. All children were aged 0–2 years old. Furthermore, a meta-analysis based on both previously published studies and our case-control study was performed. Results In the case-control study, after adjusting for possible confounders, maternal upper respiratory tract infection/influenza during early pregnancy was found to be related to an increased risk of CHD (OR = 3.40 and 95% CI: 2.05–5.62 for simple CHD; OR = 2.39 and 95% CI: 1.47–3.88 for complex CHD). After a meta-analysis, the adverse impact was still kept significant (OR = 1.47 and 95% CI: 1.28–1.67 for simple CHD; OR = 1.44 and 95% CI: 1.14–1.75 for complex CHD). The very similar associations were also observed among single type of CHD, herein, ventricular septal defects (VSD) and tetralogy of fallot (TOF) in the case-control study. In the subsequent meta-analysis, however, the significant association only existed in VSD. Conclusions Although there is still conflicting in TOF, the results are overall consistent, which provide new enforced evidence that maternal upper respiratory tract infection/influenza during early pregnancy, in general, play an important role in the occurrence of CHD.

scholarly journals Determinant of Pneumonia Among Children Aged 2-59 Months in Public Health Facilities in Worabe Town, Southern Ethiopia: Facility-Based Case Control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roza kumdin Seramo ◽  
Shikur Mohammed Awol ◽  
Yasin Awol Wabe ◽  
Musa Mohammed Ali
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
History Of ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Introduction: Childhood pneumonia remains a major health problem in developing countries, including Ethiopia with significant morbidity and mortality. The determinants of pneumonia in children under –five years of age children are numerous and vary widely vary across the regions of the world. Taking the significance of the problem and variability of risk factors, a study is needed to identify the potential determinants of pneumonia in children under-five children years of age. Methods A facility-based unmatched case-control study was conducted among 435 children (145 cases and 290 controls) aged 2-59 months at public health facilities in Worabe town from December 28, 2016 to January 30, 2017. Data were collected with a pretested interviewer-administered questionnaire, and entered into Epi info and transferred to SPSS version 22 for analysis. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression was employed with a 95% CI, and a p- value of < 0.05 was used as a determinant of pneumonia. Results Among the factors assessed in this study, stunting [AOR=3.6, 95% CI: 1.9-6.9], carrying the child on the back during cooking [AOR= 2.0, 95% CI: 1.2-3.2], absence of chimney in the cooking room [AOR= 2.2, 95% CI: 1.3-3.7], having a history of asthma [AOR= 5.0, 95% CI: 2-12], and a previous upper respiratory tract infection [AOR= 3.7, 95% CI:2.3-6.1] were found to be determinants of pneumonia. Conclusions Children with stunting, a previous history of asthma, acute upper respiratory tract infection and carrying the child on back during cooking were at higher risk of pneumonia. Therefore, all health institutions should promote early treatment and provision of health education about the health risk of child exposure to biomass fuel smoke and early health-seeking for childhood illnesses.

scholarly journals Asthma and risk of non-respiratory tract infection: a population-based case–control study

BMJ Open ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. e003857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duk Won Bang ◽  
Hyeon J Yang ◽  
Eell Ryoo ◽  
Majdi N Al-Hasan ◽  
Brian Lahr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Study

Burkholderia cepaciaLower Respiratory Tract Infection Associated With Exposure to a Respiratory Therapist

2001 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 423-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan H. Ramsey ◽  
Patrice Skonieczny ◽  
Diane T. Coolidge ◽  
Terry A. Kurzynski ◽  
Mary E. Proctor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Respiratory Therapy ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Respiratory Therapist ◽  
Control Study

AbstractObjective:To investigate and control a nosocomial outbreak ofBurkholderia cepacialower respiratory tract infection.Design:Outbreak investigation and case-control study.Setting:A 260-bed community hospital.Patients:Participants were mechanically ventilated intensive care patients without cystic fibrosis. A case was defined as a hospitalized patient with a sputum culture positive forB cepaciabetween January 1 and November 6, 1998.Methods:Respiratory therapy infection control policies and practices were reviewed; laboratory and environmental studies and a retrospective case-control study were conducted. Case-patients were matched with control-patients on age, gender, diagnosis, and type of intensive care unit.Results:Nine case-patients were identified;B cepacialikely caused pneumonia in seven and colonization in two. Two respiratory therapy practices probably contributed to the transmission ofB cepacia:multidose albuterol vials were used among several patients, and nebulizer assemblies often were not dried between uses.B cepaciawas grown from cultures of three previously opened multidose vials; pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns ofB cepaciafrom seven case-patients and two multidose vials were indistinguishable. Case-patients had longer durations of heated humidified mechanical ventilation (mean, 9.8 days vs 4.4 days;P=.03) and were more likely to have exposure to one particular respiratory therapist than controls (odds ratio, undefined; 95% confidence interval, 4.7-∞P=.001). The association with the respiratory therapist, a temporary employee, persisted after controlling for duration of heated humidified ventilation. No newB cepaciainfections were identified after control measures were implemented.Conclusions:B cepaciaprobably was transmitted among patients through use of extrinsically contaminated multidose albuterol vials. Respiratory therapy departments must pay close attention to infection control practices, particularly among new or temporary staff.

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