scholarly journals Anatomical Variations in the Branching Pattern of Human Aortic Arch: A Cadaveric Study from Central India

ISRN Anatomy ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virendra Budhiraja ◽  
Rakhi Rastogi ◽  
Vaishali Jain ◽  
Vishal Bankwar ◽  
Shiv Raghuwanshi
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Vertebral Artery ◽  
Aortic Arch ◽  
Subclavian Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Left Subclavian Artery ◽  
Left Vertebral Artery ◽  
Common Trunk ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Brachiocephalic Trunk

Variations of the branches of aortic arch are due to alteration in the development of certain branchial arch arteries during embryonic period. Knowledge of these variations is important during aortic instrumentation, thoracic, and neck surgeries. In the present study we observed these variations in fifty-two cadavers from Indian populations. In thirty-three (63.5%) cadavers, the aortic arch showed classical branching pattern which includes brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, and left subclavian artery. In nineteen (36.5%) cadavers it showed variations in the branching pattern, which include the two branches, namely, left subclavian artery and a common trunk in 19.2% cases, four branches, namely, brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, left vertebral artery, and left subclavian artery in 15.3% cases, and the three branches, namely, common trunk, left vertebral artery, and left subclavian artery in 1.9% cases.

scholarly journals Anatomical Variations in Branching Pattern of Arch of Aorta – A Cadaveric Study in South Indian Population

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-72
Author(s):  
S Kantharaj Naik ◽  
S.A. Premchand ◽  
W Benjamin
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Vertebral Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Left Subclavian Artery ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Left Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Left Vertebral Artery ◽  
Common Trunk ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Brachiocephalic Trunk

Background: Knowledge of the branching pattern of arch of aorta is important in avoiding surgical and accidental injuries during aortic instru- mentation, thoracic and neck surgeries. Subjects and Methods: The present study is based on dissections that were performed on 50 properly embalmed human cadaver specimens. The anatomical variations of arch of aorta and its branches, diameter of its branches at site of origin and distance of each branch from the point of origin to median plane were measured. Results: The usual three branched pattern of arch of aorta was found in 36 specimens (72%). The common trunk for both brachiocephalic trunk and left common carotid artery was present in 10 specimens (20%). In 2 specimens (4%), the arch gives four branches, left vertebral artery being additional branch. In 1 specimen (2%), the arch gives three branches namely; common trunk for brachiocephalic trunk and left common carotid artery, left vertebral artery and left subclavian artery. In 1 specimen (2%), the arch gives three branches namely; brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery and common trunk for left vertebral artery and left subclavian artery. Conclusion: The results in this study provide significant information vital for anatomists, cardiovascular surgeons and radiologists.

scholarly journals Ascending aorta and aortic root replacement in an infant: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
V. A. Mironenko ◽  
V. S. Rasumovsky ◽  
A. A. Svobodov ◽  
S. V. Rychin
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Aortic Arch ◽  
Subclavian Artery ◽  
Aortic Root ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Left Subclavian Artery ◽  
Vascular Prosthesis ◽  
Ascending Aorta ◽  
Left Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Brachiocephalic Trunk

<p>We herein report the first clinical case of prosthetic replacement of the ascending aorta and aortic arch to repair a giant aneurysm in a 7-month-old child. The ascending aorta and arch replacement to the level of left subclavian artery was performed using a no. 16 Polymaille prosthesis, the brachiocephalic trunk was reimplanted into the vascular prosthesis and the kinked section of the left common carotid artery was removed, followed by reimplanting the left common carotid artery into the left subclavian artery. First, proximal anastomosis with the vascular prosthesis was created using a no. 16 Polymaille prosthesis and the vascular suture was strengthened with a Teflon strip. During circulatory arrest, the aortic arch was crossed between the orifice of the left common carotid artery and left subclavian artery, with the cut extended to the isthmus region along the small curvature of the arch. The brachiocephalic trunk was aligned and brought down, with subsequent implantation into the ascending aorta prosthesis 2 cm below the initial fixation point. In the final stage, the kinked section of the left common carotid artery was resected and the aligned left carotid artery was directly reimplanted into the left subclavian artery using end-to-side anastomosis. The patient developed tracheobronchitis and moderate heart failure during the postoperative period. The duration of mechanical ventilation was 16 hours. Infusion and antibacterial therapy were discontinued on postoperative day 8. On postoperative day 13, the patient was discharged and referred to the outpatient centre for further treatment and rehabilitation. A sufficiently large-sized prosthesis allows for further development in paediatric patients. This is facilitated by the preservation of the native aortic root with restored valve function and the formation of a bevelled distal anastomosis with a small unchanged aortic section in the isthmus region, which maintains growth potential. This first reported case of an infant demonstrates the possibility of combination interventions on the aortic arch and brachiocephalic artery during the first year of life.</p><p>Received 30 January 2021. Revised 24 March 2021. Accepted 29 March 2021.</p><p><strong>Funding:</strong> The study did not have sponsorship.</p><p><strong>Conflict of interest:</strong> The authors declare no conflicts of interests.</p><p><strong>Contribution of the authors: </strong>The authors contributed equally to this article.</p>

scholarly journals An unusual origin of the right subclavian artery – arteria lusoria

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 234-236
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Mocarska ◽  
Miroslaw Szylejko ◽  
Elzbieta Staroslawska ◽  
Franciszek Burdan
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Aortic Arch ◽  
Subclavian Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Left Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Left Vertebral Artery ◽  
Anatomical Anomaly ◽  
Arteria Lusoria ◽  
Brachiocephalic Trunk ◽  
The Right

Abstract The aortic arch usually gives off three major arterial branches: the brachiocephalic trunk, the left common carotid artery and the left subclavian artery. The most frequently occurring developmental variations of arterial trunks origins are a joined brachiocephalic and left common carotid artery origin, the left vertebral artery branching from the aortic arch, a double aortic arch, and a change of sequence of branching arteries. The current report presents the rare asymptomatic situation of the right subclavian artery originating as the last individual branching from the aortic arch. This abnormality was accidentally discovered in a computed tomography examination of a 69-year old male patient. The examination showed that the artery went towards the neck posteriorly from the trachea. The anatomical anomaly was interpreted as being an arteria lusoria.

scholarly journals A Five-Vessel Aortic Arch with an Anomalous Origin of Both Vertebral Arteries and an Aberrant Right Subclavian Artery

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.A. Brouwer ◽  
M.P.S. Souza ◽  
R. Agid ◽  
K.G. terBrugge
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Vertebral Artery ◽  
Aortic Arch ◽  
Subclavian Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Anomalous Origin ◽  
Aberrant Right Subclavian Artery ◽  
Left Vertebral Artery ◽  
Transverse Foramen ◽  
The Right

In this case presentation we describe a patient with an anomalous origin of the right vertebral artery arising from the right common carotid artery in combination with an aberrant right subclavian artery and a left vertebral artery originating from the arch between the left common carotid artery and left subclavian artery. Hence there were five vessels originating from the aortic arch. The possible embryological mechanism as well as a postulation on the importance of the level of entrance of the vertebral artery in the cervical transverse foramen is discussed.

scholarly journals Morphometry of the aortic arch and its branches

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M. Manole ◽  
D.M. Iliescu ◽  
A. Rusali ◽  
P. Bordei
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Aortic Arch ◽  
Subclavian Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Left Subclavian Artery ◽  
Ascending Aorta ◽  
Ct Scanner ◽  
Arterial Trunk ◽  
Brachiocephalic Trunk ◽  
The Right

Abstract Our study was conducted by the evaluation of angioCT’s performed on a GE LightSpeed VCT64 Slice CT Scanner. The measurements were performed on the aortic arch at the following levels: at the origin of the aorta, the middle part of the ascending aorta, prior to the origin of the brachiocephalic arterial trunk and after the origin of the left subclavian artery. We measured the caliber of the aortic arch arteries and the data are correlated and reported by gender. The diameter of the ascending aorta was between 27 to 28.9 mm in females and in males from 25.8 to 37.6 mm. The diameter of the aorta within the middle segment of the ascending part was between 28-30.2 mm in females and in males from 26.1 to 34.6. The diameter of the aortic arch prior to the origin of the brachiocephalic arterial trunk was between 26.4 to 29.4 mm in females and in males from 25.8 to 37.5 mm. The diameter of the aortic arch after the origin of the left subclavian artery was in a range of 20.4 to 28.4 mm, which corresponds to the limits found in males while in females the aortic diameter was between 21.3 to 24.1 mm. The brachiocephalic trunk diameters were 8.3 to 15.5 mm in females and in males was 9.1 to 14.5 mm. The right common carotid artery had a diameter of 4-8 mm diameter in males and in females ranged from 4.7 to 5.5 mm. The right subclavian artery showed a caliber of 5.7 to 7.5 mm in females and in males from 5.9 to 10.1. The left common carotid artery diameter was 4.6 to 5.7 mm in females and males the diameter was between 5.2 to 7.4 mm. The left subclavian artery had a diameter of 6-10 mm in females and in males ranged from 7.7 to 12.8 mm. We found that the distance between the ascending part of the aorta and the descending segment ranged from 33.3 to 38.5 mm in females and in males from 40 to 68.6 mm. We measured the distance that exists at the crossing of the aortic arch with the left branch of the pulmonary trunk, finding that in females this distance is 3 to 10.3 mm and in males from 3 to 12.5 mm.

scholarly journals Morphological characteristics of the aortic arch organization

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M. Manole ◽  
D.M. Iliescu ◽  
R. Baz ◽  
P. Bordei
Keyword(s):  
Vertebral Artery ◽  
Aortic Arch ◽  
Subclavian Artery ◽  
Left Subclavian Artery ◽  
Left Vertebral Artery ◽  
Morphological Aspect ◽  
Arterial Trunk ◽  
Brachiocephalic Trunk ◽  
The Right ◽  
Number Of Branches

Abstract Our study was performed on 228 cases by dissection, by plastic injection followed by corrosion or dissection and by simple and CT angiography study. Each morphological aspect was assessed on a different numbers of cases, as long as the same case could not provide data on all studied elements. We assessed: the number of branches that originate from the aortic arch, the level of origin and the morphological type of the aortic arch. In terms of number of branches emerging from the aortic arch, most commonly are three branches, in 48.48% of cases, describing them 3 variations: separation of the three classical branches in 45,96% of cases, in 1.51% of cases the left common carotid artery emerged from the brachiocephalic trunk while the other two branches being represented by a vertebral artery and the left subclavian and in 1.01% by the right subclavian artery with retroesophageal traject, by a bicarotid arterial trunk and the left subclavian artery. In 28.70% of the cases were four branches, as follows: in 13.13% of cases the fourth branch was represented by the left vertebral artery, in 7.07% of cases there was the inferior thyroid artery, in 4.04% of cases the brachiocephalic arterial trunk was missing and the right subclavian artery originate from the aortic arch and presented a retroesophageal traject, in 3.03% of cases the fourth artery was the ascending cervical and in 1.51% of cases all four arteries had their origins in the aortic arch with no brachiocephalic trunk. In 22.73% of cases from the aortic arch originated only two branches: in 19.70% of cases the left common carotid originated in the brachiocephalic trunk, so the second branch was the left subclavian and in 3.03% of the cases there were two brachiocephalic trunks. Regarding the level of origin from the aortic arch, we found that only the brachiocephalic arterial trunk showed versions of origin: in 64 61% of the cases the brachiocephalic trunk had its origin in the horizontal segment of the aortic arch, in 21.54% of cases the origin was located at the limit between the ascending and horizontal segments and vin 12.31% of cases the origin was from the ascending segment of the aortic arch. In only 1.54% of the cases the left subclavian artery originated from the descending segment of the aortic arch

scholarly journals The arteries originating from the aortic arch and the branches of these arteries in red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris)

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 131-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Aydin
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Aortic Arch ◽  
Subclavian Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Left Subclavian Artery ◽  
Axillary Artery ◽  
Thoracic Cavity ◽  
Sciurus Vulgaris ◽  
Brachiocephalic Trunk ◽  
The Right

This study had the aim of investigating the anatomy of the aortic arch in squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris). Ten squirrels were studied. The materials were carefully dissected and the arterial patterns of arteries originating from the aortic arch were examined. The brachiocephalic trunk and the left subclavian artery were detached from the aortic arch. The brachiocephalic trunk first gave the left common carotid artery, and then detached to the right subclavian and common carotid artery. In all the examined materials, the left and right subclavian arteries gave branches that were similar after leaving the thoracic cavity from the cranial thoracic entrance. But while the whole branches of the the right subclavian artery were arising from almost the same point the left subclavian artery gave these branches in a definite order, and the branches that separated were the following: the internal thoracic artery, the intercostal suprema artery, the ramus spinalis, the vertebral artery and the descending scapular artery. It also gave the common branch formed by the junction of three of the cervical superficial, the cevical profund and the suprascapular arteries. After the separation of these branches, continuation of the artery gave the external thoracic artery on the external face of the thoracic cavity and then formed the axillar artery. The axillary artery separated into the subscapular and the brachial arteries. Thus, the arteries originating from the aortic arch and the branches of these arteries are different from other rodents and from domestic mammals.

scholarly journals Fourth branch of arch of aorta and its clinical implication

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 24-27
Author(s):  
Rashmi N Gitte ◽  
Chenna Reddy Ganji ◽  
Vishal M Salve
Keyword(s):  
Vertebral Artery ◽  
Aortic Arch ◽  
Subclavian Artery ◽  
Left Vertebral Artery ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Vertebral Arteries ◽  
Brachiocephalic Trunk ◽  
Great Vessels ◽  
The Right

In human beings the most common branching pattern of the aortic arch was its division into three great vessels ie the brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery and the subclavian artery. The vertebral arteries arise from the superior aspect of the first part of the subclavian artery. In present case, a left vertebral artery arose from the aortic arch as fourth branch was found. The diameter of left vertebral artery at its origin was 6 mm as compared to the right vertebral artery, which has diameter of 3.5 mm at its origin. In this case left sixth dorsal intersegmental artery might have persisted as first part of vertebral artery hence left vertebral artery arising from arch of aorta. Knowledge of the variations in branching pattern of the aortic arch is important in the diagnosis of intracranial aneurysm after subarachnoid haemorrhage.J. Biomed. Sci. 2015, 2(3):21-23.

scholarly journals Retroesophageal right subclavian artery associated with a bicarotid trunk and an ectopic origin of vertebral arteries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Buffoli ◽  
Vincenzo Verzeletti ◽  
Lena Hirtler ◽  
Rita Rezzani ◽  
Luigi Fabrizio Rodella
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Vertebral Artery ◽  
Aortic Arch ◽  
Subclavian Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Distal Part ◽  
Aberrant Right Subclavian Artery ◽  
Left Vertebral Artery ◽  
Vertebral Arteries ◽  
The Right

AbstractA rare branching pattern of the aortic arch in a female cadaver is reported. An aberrant right subclavian artery originated from the distal part of the aortic arch and following a retroesophageal course was recognized. Next to it, from the left to the right, the left subclavian artery and a short bicarotid trunk originating the left and the right common carotid artery were recognized. An unusual origin of the vertebral arteries was also identified. The left vertebral artery originated directly from the aortic arch, whereas the right vertebral artery originated directly from the right common carotid artery. Retroesophageal right subclavian artery associated with a bicarotid trunk and ectopic origin of vertebral arteries represents an exceptional and noteworthy case.

scholarly journals Aberrant origin of left vertebral artery: a rare case

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanjeet S. Kindra ◽  
Suneel K. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Vertebral Artery ◽  
Aortic Arch ◽  
Subclavian Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Left Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Left Vertebral Artery

The Vertebral Artery (VA) is classically described as originating as the first branch of the ipsilateral subclavian artery. The VA origin is variable and has been identified at the aortic arch, Common Carotid Artery (CCA), and Internal Carotid Artery. The VA arising from the carotid artery is an extremely uncommon variant. Left VA origin from the left CCA has been reported only thrice. These rare anomalous origins of the VA usually are asymptomatic. We describe symptomatic aberrant origin of left vertebral artery from left common carotid artery, a rare case.

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