scholarly journals RCT comparing the clinical effectiveness of conventional instructor-facilitated cardiac compression training to technology enhanced training using high-fidelity mannequins-A pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Alison Pighills ◽  
Rachel Waye ◽  
Stephanie Taylor ◽  
Vicki Braithwaite ◽  
Daniel Lindsay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Training System ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Healthcare Staff ◽  
Skill Levels ◽  
Cardiac Compression

Introduction: Healthcare professionals often provide substandard chest compression following cardiac arrest. This is deemed a preventable harm because this skill can be acquired. The recent development of technology-enhanced cardiac compression training devices provides an alternative to traditional instructor-facilitated training. This pilot study compared the effectiveness of conventional and technology-enhanced training modalities.Methods: A pilot randomised controlled trial design was used in a regional hospital in Queensland. Following baseline assessment, healthcare staff were randomised to one of three groups: traditional instructor-facilitated training; high-fidelity mannequin training and continuous access to the training system to practise skills; and, high-fidelity mannequin training with no further access to the training system to practise skills. The primary outcome, cardiac compression skill levels, was analysed using analysis of co-variance, adjusting for predictive co-variates. Secondary measures were analysed using inferential statistics or presented descriptively.Results: Between January and February 2017, 502 healthcare staff were recruited. At baseline, 21\% were competent in cardiac compression, increasing to 38% on reassessment. The mode of training did not affect skill level (F(92,392) = 0.061, p = .94), however, participants in the high-fidelity mannequin training group who practised their skills had statistically significantly higher reassessment scores (z = -2.34, p = .019). Baseline score and the number of times participants practised their skills were significant predictors of reassessment scores (F(2,392) = 7.73, p = .001).Conclusions: Most hospital staff who may need to perform cardiac compression were not competent in this skill. Neither training modality was more effective. Both training and practise increased cardiac compression skill levels, indicating that frequent, low-dose training is required.

scholarly journals Brief Behavioural Activation (Brief BA) for Adolescent Depression: A Pilot Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Pass ◽  
Carl W. Lejuez ◽  
Shirley Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Young People ◽  
Adolescent Depression ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Behavioural Activation ◽  
Evidence Based Treatments ◽  
The Uk

Background: Depression in adolescence is a common and serious mental health problem. In the UK, access to evidence-based psychological treatments is limited, and training and employing therapists to deliver these is expensive. Brief behavioural activation for the treatment of depression (BATD) has great potential for use with adolescents and to be delivered by a range of healthcare professionals, but there is limited empirical investigation with this group. Aims: To adapt BATD for depressed adolescents (Brief BA) and conduct a pilot study to assess feasibility, acceptability and clinical effectiveness. Method: Twenty depressed adolescents referred to the local NHS Child and Adolescent Mental Health service (CAMHs) were offered eight sessions of Brief BA followed by a review around one month later. Self- and parent-reported routine outcome measures (ROMs) were collected at every session. Results: Nineteen of the 20 young people fully engaged with the treatment and all reported finding some aspect of Brief BA helpful. Thirteen (65%) required no further psychological intervention following Brief BA, and both young people and parents reported high levels of acceptability and satisfaction with the approach. The pre–post effect size of Brief BA treatment was large. Conclusions: Brief BA is a promising innovation in the treatment of adolescent depression. This approach requires further evaluation to establish effectiveness and cost effectiveness compared with existing evidence-based treatments for adolescent depression. Other questions concern the effectiveness of delivery in other settings and when delivered by a range of professionals.

scholarly journals Adolescents’ experiences of brief psychosocial intervention for depression: An interpretative phenomenological analysis of good-outcome cases

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-118
Author(s):  
Darshita Dhanak ◽  
Lisa Thackeray ◽  
Bernadka Dubicka ◽  
Raphael Kelvin ◽  
Ian M Goodyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Intervention ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Adolescent Depression ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Good Treatment ◽  
Good Outcome ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Good Treatment Response

Background: Brief psychosocial intervention (BPI) is a treatment for adolescent depression that has recently demonstrated clinical effectiveness in a controlled trial. The aim of this study is to explore experiences of adolescents with major depression receiving BPI treatment in the context of good treatment outcomes. Method: A subsample of five interviews from a larger study of adolescents’ experiences of BPI was purposively selected, focusing on good-outcome cases. Interviews were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis to provide a richer understanding of participants’ experiences of overcoming depression in the BPI group. Results: Four central themes were identified: ‘Being heard and feeling safe’, ‘Collaborative working enhancing therapy’, ‘Gaining a different perspective on one’s self and relationships’ and ‘A positive therapeutic relationship’. Conclusion: BPI is a novel approach with promising clinical effectiveness. Utilising adolescents’ experiences has revealed potential psychological mechanisms of good treatment response to BPI. Overall implications for clinical practice with depressed adolescents are discussed.

scholarly journals Promotion of active ageing through interactive artificial agents in a smart environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Menezes ◽  
Rui P. Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Training System ◽  
Regular Physical Activity ◽  
List Type ◽  
Multi Agent System ◽  
Agent System ◽  
Multi Agent ◽  
Elderly Users

Abstract Societies in the most developed countries have witnessed a significant ageing of the population in recent decades, which increases the demand for healthcare services and caregivers. The development of technologies to help the elderly, so that they can remain active and independent for a longer time, helps to mitigate the sustainability problem posed in care services. This article follows this new trend, proposing a multi-agent system composed of a smart camera network, centralised planning agent, a virtual coach, and robotic exercise buddy, designed to promote regular physical activity habits among the elderly. The proposed system not only persuades the users to perform exercise routines, but also guides and accompanies them during exercises in order to provide effective training and engagement to the user. The different agents are combined in the system to exploit their complementary features in the quest for an effective and engaging training system. Three variants of the system, involving either a partial set of those agents or the full proposed system, were evaluated and compared through a pilot study conducted with 12 elderly users. The results demonstrate that all variants are able to guide the user in an exercise routine, but the most complete system that includes a robotic exercise buddy was the best scored by the participants. Article Highlights Proposal of a multi-agent system to help elderly adopting regular physical activity habits. A virtual coach and a robotic exercise buddy provide both guidance and companionship during the exercise. A pilot study conducted with 12 elderly users demonstrated an effective and engaging training system.

scholarly journals A Collaborative Deprescribing Intervention in a Subacute Medical Outpatient Clinic: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 204
Author(s):  
Anissa Aharaz ◽  
Jens Henning Rasmussen ◽  
Helle Bach Ølgaard McNulty ◽  
Arne Cyron ◽  
Pia Keinicke Fabricius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Inappropriate Medication ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Patient Interviews ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Multimorbid Patients ◽  
And Control

Medication deprescribing is essential to prevent inappropriate medication use in multimorbid patients. However, experience of deprescribing in Danish Subacute Medical Outpatient Clinics (SMOCs) is limited. The objective of our pilot study was to evaluate the feasibility and sustainability of a collaborative deprescribing intervention by a pharmacist and a physician to multimorbid patients in a SMOC. A randomized controlled pilot study was conducted, with phone follow-up at 30 and 365+ days. A senior pharmacist performed a systematic deprescribing intervention using the Screening Tool of Older Persons’ potentially inappropriate Prescriptions (STOPP) criteria, the Danish deprescribing list, and patient interviews. A senior physician received the proposed recommendations and decided which should be implemented. The main outcome was the number of patients having ≥1 medication where deprescribing status was sustained 30 days after inclusion. Out of 76 eligible patients, 72 (95%) were included and 67 (93%) completed the study (57% male; mean age 73 years; mean number of 10 prescribed medications). Nineteen patients (56%) in the intervention group and four (12%) in the control group had ≥1 medication where deprescribing status was sustained 30 days after inclusion (p = 0.015). In total, 37 medications were deprescribed in the intervention group and five in the control group. At 365+ days after inclusion, 97% and 100% of the deprescribed medications were sustained in the intervention and control groups, respectively. The three most frequently deprescribed medication groups were analgesics, cardiovascular, and gastrointestinal medications. In conclusion, a collaborative deprescribing intervention for multimorbid patients was feasible and resulted in sustainable deprescribing of medication in a SMOC.

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