scholarly journals Method for auxiliary use of thermography in diagnosing inflammation in the coxofemoral joint in dogs

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 1565
Author(s):  
Fernanda Lúcia Passos Fukahori ◽  
Daniela Maria Bastos de Souza ◽  
Eduardo Alberto Tudury ◽  
George Chaves Jimenez ◽  
José Ferreira da Silva Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Emission ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Joint Inflammation ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
The Body ◽  
Joint Diseases ◽  
Infrared Images ◽  
Infrared Thermometry ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Joint diseases are relatively common in domestic animals, such as dogs. The involved inflammation produces thermal emission, which can be imaged using specific sensors that allow capturing of infrared images. Given that there have been few reports on the use of thermography in the diagnosis of inflammation associated with diseases of the hip joint in dogs, we here propose a method for identification of inflammatory foci in dogs by using infrared thermometry. The present study aimed to find non-invasive and low-cost resources that couldfacilitate a clinical diagnosis in cases withinflammation in the coxofemoral joint of dogs.To this end, we developed a system in whichthe Flir Systems TG165 thermograph is coupled to a black PVC cannula with a 30-cm focus-to-animal distance.External effects of the environment on the temperature of the animalswere compared with the body temperature as measured by a conventional thermometer.Thirty-one dogs with and without inflammation in the coxofemoral joint underwent clinical evaluation.We verified that the temperature registered by the thermograph inthe animals with joint inflammation was significantlydifferentfrom that incontrol animals without inflammation, in the lateral projection.The method showed a sensitivity of 80%, specificity of 87.5%, and accuracy of 83.87%. This standardized method of diagnosis of inflammatory foci in the coxofemoral articulation of dogs by way of thermography showed sensitivity, specificity, and satisfactory accuracy.

scholarly journals Comparative study of colour Doppler vs. FNNAC findings in WHO grade II thyroid enlargement in adult females

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1025
Author(s):  
Sudhakar Rao M. S. ◽  
Navneeth T. P. ◽  
John C. J.
Keyword(s):  
Pulsatility Index ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Resistive Index ◽  
Colour Doppler ◽  
Who Grade ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Thyroid gland disorders form one of the most common endocrinal and surgical problems encountered in clinical practice. FNNAC is widely accepted as the primary and better method than FNAC for investigation but has its disadvantages. Colour Doppler is a non-invasive, low cost, easily available and repeatable investigation with least patient discomfort and can be valuable in detection of benign and malignant thyroid enlargements.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Forty cases of adult females with WHO grade 2 thyroid enlargement attending the department of otorhinolaryngology selected on simple random basis were included in this study. Following written consent, Colour Doppler scanning and FNNAC test were done on the thyroid swelling and the results were analysed.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The mean age of patients was 32.44 years. The mean age of malignancy was 44.66 years and showed statistically significant association. The Resistive and Pulsatility index and combination of both were found to have statistically significant results in detecting malignant and benign lesions The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of RI and PI were 83.33%, 94.12%, 71.43%, 96.97% and 50%, 94.12%, 60% and 91.43% respectively. On combining both the indices, the sensitivity was 91.67% and the positive predictive value was 97.06%.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Colour Doppler can differentiate between benign and malignant thyroid enlargements using Resistive index (of&gt;0.75) and Pulsatility Index (of&gt;1.5) and can be a complementary diagnostic tool in the thyroid enlargement lesions, considering its accuracy, cost-effectiveness, easy availability and non-invasive repeatable nature.</p>

scholarly journals A Non-Invasive Medical Device for Parkinson’s Patients with Episodes of Freezing of Gait

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catalina Punin ◽  
Boris Barzallo ◽  
Roger Clotet ◽  
Alexander Bermeo ◽  
Marco Bravo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wavelet Transform ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Freezing Of Gait ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
Vibratory Stimulation ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Gait Monitoring ◽  
Stimulation Of

A critical symptom of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the occurrence of Freezing of Gait (FOG), an episodic disorder that causes frequent falls and consequential injuries in PD patients. There are various auditory, visual, tactile, and other types of stimulation interventions that can be used to induce PD patients to escape FOG episodes. In this article, we describe a low cost wearable system for non-invasive gait monitoring and external delivery of superficial vibratory stimulation to the lower extremities triggered by FOG episodes. The intended purpose is to reduce the duration of the FOG episode, thus allowing prompt resumption of gait to prevent major injuries. The system, based on an Android mobile application, uses a tri-axial accelerometer device for gait data acquisition. Gathered data is processed via a discrete wavelet transform-based algorithm that precisely detects FOG episodes in real time. Detection activates external vibratory stimulation of the legs to reduce FOG time. The integration of detection and stimulation in one low cost device is the chief novel contribution of this work. We present analyses of sensitivity, specificity and effectiveness of the proposed system to validate its usefulness.

scholarly journals Enhanced Access to the Health-Related Skin Metabolome by Fast, Reproducible and Non-Invasive WET PREP Sampling

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 415
Author(s):  
Jamie Afghani ◽  
Claudia Huelpuesch ◽  
Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin ◽  
Claudia Traidl-Hoffmann ◽  
Matthias Reiger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
High Consistency

Our skin influences our physical and mental health, and its chemical composition can reflect environmental and disease conditions. Therefore, through sampling the skin metabolome, we can provide a promising window into the mechanisms of the body. However, the broad application of skin metabolomics has recently been hampered by a lack of easy and widely applicable sampling methods. Here, we present a novel rapid, simple, and, most importantly, painless and non-invasive sampling technique suitable for clinical studies of fragile or weakened skin. The method is called WET PREP and is simply a lavage of the skin which focuses on capturing the metabolome. We systematically evaluate WET PREPs in comparison with the non-invasive method of choice in skin metabolomics, swab collection, using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS2) on two complementary chromatographic columns (C18 reversed phase and hydrophilic interaction chromatography). We also integrate targeted analyses of key metabolites of skin relevance. Overall, WET PREP provides a strikingly more stable shared metabolome across sampled individuals, while also being able to capture unique individual metabolites with a high consistency in intra-individual reproducibility. With the exception of (phospho-)lipidomic studies, we recommend WET PREPs as the preferred skin metabolome sampling technique due to the quick preparation time, low cost, and gentleness for the patient.

scholarly journals Pemantauan Kadar Asam Urat Non Invasive Real Time Menggunakan Sensor Near Infrared

Lontara ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
Usman Umar ◽  
Risnawaty Alyah
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
The Body ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
P Value ◽  
Monitoring Tool ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Techniques

Gout or gout arthritis is a disease caused by the accumulation of monosodium uric crystals in the body. Uric acid is the result of the final metabolism of purines, which is a component of nucleic acids found in the body's cell nucleus. Increased uric acid can cause disturbances in the human body such as feelings of pain. The standard system used to measure uric acid levels in the blood, in general, is an invasive system that uses blood samples and is performed in clinics, health centers, and hospitals at a high cost. This research aims to develop a non-invasive system measuring gout using Near Infrared (NIR) sensor with 940 nm LED and Photodiode as a detector at a wavelength range of 600-1300 nm. The method of developing this tool begins with the stages, conducting a literature study resulting in tool design and tool making as well as tool validation by comparing invasive and non-invasive techniques. The results of this study produce a simple gout monitoring tool with an error value of 4% and low cost and easy to use. Analysis of the results of the tests using analysis of variance P-value> 0.05 and the t-test P (T <= t) 0.45> α shows that the tool designed can be used to monitor gout.

scholarly journals Tomography for electrical impedance

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan David Muñoz Sánchez ◽  
Víctor Hugo Mosquera Leyton
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Impedance Tomography ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Wrist Joint ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Joint Diseases ◽  
Impedance Tomography ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Joint Injuries

Introduction:This review article shows the state of the art of different techniques for monitoring joint injuries. This work is the product of the research project "Viability of electrical impedance tomography for the monitoring of joint injuries", which took place at the University of Cauca during the period 2018-2019. Aim:Identify non-invasive bio-image methods that are used in the evaluation of joint diseases. Methodology: Selection and review of papers related to the evaluation of joint injuries using non-invasive bio-image technologies using systematic mapping.  Results: Magnetic resonance and computed tomography systems make up the non-invasive methods of greater reliability and application in the evaluation of joint injuries. Similarly, some studies show good results from other methods such as systems based on bio-impedance when monitoring the deterioration of joint cartilage. However, electrical impedance tomography (EIT) devices have not yet been widely studied in the joint injuries evaluation. Conclusion: Electronic prototypes of low-cost electrical impedance tomography have been developed that have allowed for the detection and recognition of gestures made by hand from the analysis of the distribution of conductivity in the wrist joint, which allows us to infer that EIT could be a good alternative for the monitoring of joint injuries. Originality: The literature does not show studies focused on the development and implementation of EIT systems in medical applications related to joint injuries. Limitations: This review paper only mentions those studies that describe the non-invasive bio-image methods used to evaluate joint diseases, including the medical applications of EIT systems.

scholarly journals Evaluation Of Vascular Disorder Effect On Bioimpedance Values Using Finite Element Method

10.29007/1p64 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoang Anh Vy Ngo ◽  
Thu Uyen Le Thi ◽  
Quang Linh Huynh ◽  
Thuy Nguyen Nhu Son
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
The Body ◽  
Bioimpedance Analysis ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Aneurysm Wall ◽  
The Status ◽  
Artery Disease

Cardiovascular diseases are the first cause of death globally: more people die annually from these diseases than from any other causes. These diseases are a group of disorders of the heart and blood vessels that appears silently but lead to many serious consequences for life. Vascular diseases including atherosclerosis, aneurysm, peripheral artery disease... affect the arteries, veins, or capillaries throughout the body and around the heart. Therefore, assessment of the quality of blood vessels early is extremely necessary in order to prevent cardiovascular diseases. Bioimpedance analysis is a non-invasive, safe, and low-cost technique that is widely used for diagnosing various diseases. This study conducts a novel method to evaluate the status of the blood vessels in two cases: stenosis and aneurysm based on bioimpedance signals. A 3D model of the forearm with several layers (skin, fat, muscle, bone, and blood vessel) and electrodes is simulated by using Comsol Multiphysics software. The electric impedance in different vascular conditions is examined. The results show that vessel impedance changed substantially because of vascular disorders. The bioimpedance signals vary according to the sizes of plaque and aneurysm wall. Consequently, bioimpedance analysis is reliable to detect vascular diseases and able to be applied in the near future.

Glucose Calibration Modeling in Blood with Spline Regression Approaching to Non-Invasive Tools

2018 ◽  
pp. 144-149
Author(s):  
Ria Hayatun Nur ◽  
Indahwati A ◽  
Erfiani A
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Cubic Spline ◽  
The Body ◽  
Spline Regression ◽  
Linear Quadratic ◽  
Important Thing ◽  
Non Invasive

In this globalization era, health is the most important thing to be able to run various activities. Without good health, this will hinder many activities. Diabetes mellitus is one of the diseases caused by unhealty lifestyle.There are many treatments that can be done to prevent the occurrence of diabetes. The treatments are giving the insulin and also checking the glucose rate to the patients.Checking the glucose rate needs the tools which is safety to the body. This research want to develop non invasive tool which is safety and do not injure the patient. The purpose of this research is also finding the best model which derived from Linear, Quadratic, and Cubic Spline Regression. Some respondents were taking to get the glucose measuring by invasive and non invasive tools. It could be seen clearly that Spline Linear Regression was the best model than Quadratic and Cubic Spline Regression. It had 70% and 33.939 for R2 and RMSEP respectively.

scholarly journals The grades and freshness assessment of eggs based on density detection using machine vision and weighing sensor

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Supakorn Harnsoongnoen ◽  
Nuananong Jaroensuk
Keyword(s):  
Machine Vision ◽  
Vision System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Water Displacement ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Future Potential ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Egg Freshness

AbstractThe water displacement and flotation are two of the most accurate and rapid methods for grading and assessing freshness of agricultural products based on density determination. However, these techniques are still not suitable for use in agricultural inspections of products such as eggs that absorb water which can be considered intrusive or destructive and can affect the result of measurements. Here we present a novel proposal for a method of non-destructive, non-invasive, low cost, simple and real—time monitoring of the grading and freshness assessment of eggs based on density detection using machine vision and a weighing sensor. This is the first proposal that divides egg freshness into intervals through density measurements. The machine vision system was developed for the measurement of external physical characteristics (length and breadth) of eggs for evaluating their volume. The weighing system was developed for the measurement of the weight of the egg. Egg weight and volume were used to calculate density for grading and egg freshness assessment. The proposed system could measure the weight, volume and density with an accuracy of 99.88%, 98.26% and 99.02%, respectively. The results showed that the weight and freshness of eggs stored at room temperature decreased with storage time. The relationship between density and percentage of freshness was linear for the all sizes of eggs, the coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.9982, 0.9999, 0.9996, 0.9996 and 0.9994 for classified egg size classified 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. This study shows that egg freshness can be determined through density without using water to test for water displacement or egg flotation which has future potential as a measuring system important for the poultry industry.

scholarly journals Role of MRI in the diagnosis of adult traumatic and obstetric brachial plexus injury compared to intraoperative findings

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Doria Mohammed Gad ◽  
Mostafa Thabet Hussein ◽  
Nagham Nabil Mahmoud Omar ◽  
Mohamed Mostafa Kotb ◽  
Mohamed Abdel-Tawab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Tissue Characterization ◽  
Brachial Plexus Injury ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Diagnostic Modality ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Upper Limb Function ◽  
Obstetric Brachial Plexus ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Abstract Background Brachial plexus injury occurs following birth trauma or adult trauma as well, surgical repair is important to regain upper limb function, and preoperative evaluation with MRI is important and considered the accurate and safe imaging modality. Thirty-seven patients with clinically suspected obstetric (15 patients) or adult traumatic (22 patients) brachial plexus injury were included in our study; all of them underwent MRI examination including T1WI, T2WI, STIR, DWIBS, 3D STIR SPACE, and MR myelography sequences. Results In obstetric cases, MRI sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for preganglionic injury were 63%, 89%, and 82%, respectively, while for postganglionic lesions, MRI sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 60%, 99%, and 95%, respectively. In adult cases, MRI sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for preganglionic injury were 96%, 95%, and 95% respectively, while for postganglionic injury, MRI sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 60%, 100%, and 99%, respectively. Conclusion MRI represents a safe, non-invasive, diagnostic modality having the multiplanar capability and better soft tissue characterization.

scholarly journals Efficiency of non-invasive prenatal screening in pregnant women at advanced maternal age

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Zhu ◽  
Xiaoxiao Jin ◽  
Yuqing Xu ◽  
Weihua Zhang ◽  
Xiaodan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Trisomy 21 ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Prenatal Screening ◽  
Advanced Maternal Age ◽  
Youden Index ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Abstract Background Non-invasive prenatal screening (NIPS) is widely used as the alternative choice for pregnant women at high-risk of fetal aneuploidy. However, whether NIPS has a good detective efficiency for pregnant women at advanced maternal age (AMA) has not been fully studied especially in Chinese women. Methods Twenty-nine thousand three hundred forty-three pregnant women at AMA with singleton pregnancy who received NIPS and followed-up were recruited. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the Youden Index for detecting fetal chromosomal aneuploidies were analyzed. The relationship between maternal age and common fetal chromosomal aneuploidy was observed. Results The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV of NIPS for detecting fetal trisomy 21 were 99.11, 99.96, 90.98, and 100%, respectively. These same parameters for detecting fetal trisomy 18 were 100, 99.94, 67.92, and 100%, respectively. Finally, these parameters for detecting trisomy 13 were 100, 99.96, 27.78, and 100%, respectively. The prevalence of fetal trisomy 21 increased exponentially with maternal age. The high-risk percentage incidence rate of fetal trisomy 21 was significantly higher in the pregnant women at 37 years old or above than that in pregnant women at 35 to 37 years old. (Youden index = 37). Conclusion It is indicated that NIPS is an effective prenatal screening method for pregnant women at AMA.

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