Epidemics of Infectious Diseases in Disasters and Control Measures of Them

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cuneyt Caliskan ◽  
Hilal Ozcebe
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
And Control

Infectious diseases following natural disasters: prevention and control measures

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isidore K Kouadio ◽  
Syed Aljunid ◽  
Taro Kamigaki ◽  
Karen Hammad ◽  
Hitoshi Oshitani
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Prevention And Control Measures ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals Emergency Management of Medical Wastewater in Hospitals Specializing in Infectious Diseases: A Case Study of Huoshenshan Hospital, Wuhan, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 381
Author(s):  
Jia-Jun He ◽  
Shu-Shu Zhao ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Xia-Ying Liu ◽  
Qin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Emergency Management ◽  
Information Disclosure ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Field Hospital ◽  
Modern Information Technology ◽  
And Control

Medical wastewater originating from hospitals specializing in infectious diseases pose a major risk to human and environmental health during pandemics. However, there have been few systematic studies on the management of this type of wastewater management. The function of the Huoshenshan Hospital as a designated emergency field hospital for the treatment of COVID-19 has provided lessons for the management measures of medical wastewater, mainly including: (1) Modern information technology, management schemes, and related standard systems provided the legislative foundation for emergency management of medical wastewater. (2) The three-tier prevention and control medical wastewater management system ensured the discharged wastewater met water quality standards, especially for the leak-proof sealed collection system of the first tier, and the biological and chemical treatment technology of the second tier. (3) The establishment of an effective three-tier medical wastewater quality monitoring accountability system. This system was particularly relevant for ensuring continuous data monitoring and dynamic analysis of characteristic indicators. (4) Information disclosure by government and public supervision promoted successful implementation of medical wastewater management and control measures. Public questionnaires (n = 212) further confirmed the effectiveness of information disclosure. The results of this study can act as methodological reference for the emergency management of wastewater in designated infectious disease hospitals under similar situations.

Evaluation of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Ability of Medical Buildings in Harbin, China

2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-74
Author(s):  
Tian Wang ◽  
Shanshan Zhang ◽  
Yue Wu ◽  
Hongzhe Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Building System ◽  
And Control

Objective: Entrusted by the Harbin Municipal Government, evaluation medical building system for prevention and control of sudden infectious diseases in the city has been established. Background: China, as a country that found the COVID-19 earlier, has taken strict control measures. However, as the medical building system is not perfect enough to prevent and control sudden infectious diseases. Method: First, expert group methodology was used and evaluation index of ability of prevention and control of sudden infectious diseases in medical building system was selected; then fuzzy comprehensive evaluation was adopted to establish index set and to set weight and medical building system evaluation model for prevention and control of sudden infectious diseases was constructed; finally, it’s to modify the indicators and weights in the evaluation set and to make an evaluation of the ability of Harbin medical building system to prevent and control sudden infectious diseases in accordance with the current management mode of system. Results: The medical building system in Harbin is significantly unbalanced in its ability to prevent sudden infections where there are low indicators for response monitoring and forecasting terminals, there are high indicators for the construction of emergency center. Conclusions: The evaluation model of the ability of medical building system to prevent and control sudden infectious diseases was constructed. The model is adopted to make practical evaluation of infectious disease prevention and control ability in Harbin and to form the evaluation method of the direct connection between the theoretical research of medical architecture and medical building design.

scholarly journals Inequalities in Mortality From Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis by the Level of Education in Lithuania

Medicina ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Snieguolė Kaselienė ◽  
Ramunė Kalėdienė
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
University Education ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
Tuberculosis Prevention ◽  
Prevention And Control Measures ◽  
And Control ◽  
Inequalities In Mortality

The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in inequalities in mortality from infectious diseases and tuberculosis by educational level among men and women in Lithuania. Material and Methods. The data on mortality from infectious diseases in the Lithuanian population aged more than 30 years for the years 1989 and 2001 gathered from the Department of Statistics and censuses were used for the analysis. The relative and slope indices of inequality were calculated. Results. Mortality from infectious diseases and tuberculosis among persons with primary education was higher than that among persons with university education, and these inequalities were found to be increased in 2000–2002 as compare with 1988–1990 due to declining mortality among persons with university education and increasing mortality among less educated persons. Similar tendencies were observed while evaluating the inequalities in mortality from tuberculosis. In 1988– 1990, the relative indices of inequality for mortality from all infectious diseases and tuberculosis among men were 9 and 13, respectively. In 2000–2002, the relative indices of inequality increased significantly to 16.5 and 28.8, respectively. Inequalities in mortality from abovementioned causes for women with different educational levels were lower than those for men. The slope indices of inequality for mortality from infectious diseases among men with different educational levels were considerably higher than among their female counterparts, and in 2000–2002, they were greater compared with 1988–1990. Conclusions. While implementing tuberculosis prevention and control program and planning prevention and control measures, greater attention should be paid to less educated Lithuanian population at highest risk of this disease.

Principles of infectious disease control

2021 ◽  
pp. 597-622
Author(s):  
Robert J. Kim-Farley
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Infectious Disease Control ◽  
Public Health Officials ◽  
Prevention And Control Measures ◽  
And Control

Infectious diseases remain a leading cause of morbidity, disability, and mortality worldwide. Lower respiratory infections are the third leading causes of death worldwide and their control is a constant challenge that faces health workers and public health officials in both industrialized and developing countries. This chapter provides a global and comprehensive view of the principles of infectious disease control through examination of the magnitude of disease burden, the chain of infection (agent, transmission, and host) of infectious diseases, the varied approaches to their prevention and control (measures applied to the host, vectors, infected humans, animals, environment, and agents), and the factors conducive to their eradication as well as emergence and re-emergence.

scholarly journals Preventive and Control Measures of COVID-19 Patients: A Review

2020 ◽  
pp. S41-S44
Author(s):  
Tarek Mahbub Khan
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Acute Respiratory Disease ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
And Control ◽  
High Chance

Covid19 is an acute respiratory disease which is caused by a novel coronavirus. This virus has been found in January 7, 2020 from China. The virus was previously known as 2019-nCOV. This particular virus is high chance of spread. Preventive measures are very essential for the health care workers. Proper preventive measures can only be applied to stop the spread of this virus. Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases, April 2020;7(suppl_1):S41-S44

scholarly journals Effective Measures Coping with COVID-19 Pandemic Based on fsQCA: Evidence from China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoman Bi ◽  
Haiyan Liu ◽  
Wei Yang
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Population Mobility ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
The Government ◽  
Effectiveness Assessment ◽  
And Control ◽  
Emergency Measures

Abstract Background: Faced with the global outbreak and spread of COVID-19 pandemic, the government of each country has adopted different emergency measures, but the effectiveness assessment of these emergency measures is still lacked. This paper aimed to study the effectiveness of emergency measures for emergent infectious diseases to look for key measures and effective combinations.Methods: We took COVID 19 pandemic management and control measures in China as an example, and selected five high frequency emergency measures including controlling population mobility, patient admission, appropriation of pandemic prevention funds, legal regulations and resumption of production from the perspective of Epidemiology. Using fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), we conducted necessary condition analysis and configuration analysis on these measures using official statistical data. And robustness test was performed by changing consistency threshold.Results: We found that: (1) The consistency of the five emergency measures was less than 0.9, indicating that none of these measures can be used separately as a necessary condition for the strong pandemic prevention and control effects. (2) There were three combinations of emergency measures to achieve strong pandemic prevention and control effects, with solution consistency of 0.92 and solution coverage of 0.6: when all patients are admitted to hospitals, the government provides sufficient pandemic prevention funds, and severely crack down on criminal cases; when resume production under the measures of strictly controlling population mobility and severely cracking down on criminal cases; when strictly control population mobility and all patients are admitted to hospitals without resumption production. Conclusions: These findings suggest that fsQCA model can be applied to comprehensive effectiveness assessment of infectious diseases emergency measures. The results of our study not only help various countries prevent and control COVID-19 pandemic and its resurgence, but also have important reference significance for the emergency management of other emergent infectious diseases in the world.

scholarly journals (P1-83) Infectious Diseases Following Natural Disasters: Prevention and Control Measures

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S1) ◽  
pp. s125-s126
Author(s):  
I.K. Kouadio ◽  
T. Kamigai ◽  
O. Hitoshi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Health Planning ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Susceptible Population ◽  
Prevention And Control Measures ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Communicable diseases represent a public health problem in developing countries, especially in those affected by disasters, and necessitate an appropriate and coordinated response from national and international partners. The importance of rapid epidemiological assessment for public health planning and resources allocation is critical. This review assesses infectious disease outbreaks during and after disasters caused by natural hazards and describes comprehensive prevention and control measures. The natural hazard event that causes a disaster does not transmit infectious diseases in the immediate aftermath of the disaster, nor do dead bodies. During the impact phase, most of the deaths are associated to blunt trauma, crush-related injuries, burns, and drowning rather than from infectious diseases. Most pathogens cannot not continue to survive in a corpse. The remaining survivors are the ones from which infectious diseases can be transmitted under appropriate conditions created by the natural disasters. Among several diseases, diarrheal diseases, leptospirosis, viral hepatitis, typhoid fever, acute respiratory infections, measles, meningitides, tuberculosis, malaria, dengue fever, and West Nile Virus commonly were described days, weeks, or months after the disaster event in areas where they are endemic. Therefore, diseases can also be imported by healthy carriers among a susceptible population. The objective of the public health intervention is to prevent and control epidemics among the disaster-affected populations. The rapid implementation of control measures should be a public health priority especially in the absence of pre-disaster surveillance data, through the re-establishment and improvement of the delivery of primary health care and restoration of affected health services. Adequate shelter and sanitation, water and food safety, appropriate surveillance, immunization and management approaches, as well health education will be strongly required for the reduction of morbidity and mortality.

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