scholarly journals Contaminants Leaching from Fresh Poultry Waste: A Lysimeter Study on Sandy Soils under Tropical Conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Peter Aderemi Adeoye ◽  
Hasfalina Che Man ◽  
Mohd. Soom Amin Soom ◽  
Ahmad Mohamed Thamer ◽  
Akinbile Christopher Oluwakunmi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Soil Core ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Arsenic Copper

A lysimeter study was conducted on sandy soil of Minna, North central Nigeria to assess the migration of nitrates, phosphates, bacteriological parameters and heavy metals contents of poultry manure through Minna soil. This is with a view to examining the environmental effect of indiscriminate land application of excessive poultry manure on shallow groundwater quality. A lysimeter and rainfall simulator assembly was installed on an undisturbed 0.9m diameter, 3m depth soil core after which 50kg of characterized poultry manure was applied at the top. Rainfall of 125mm was simulated and water samples were collected at different depths of the soil core through the lysimeter and were taken to laboratory for analysis. Results showed that nitrate and phosphate in poultry manure were able to leach to a depth of 2.5m of the soil core four months after poultry manure application while turbidity and electrical conductivity reached their maximum value at depth 2.5m after three months. Faecal coliform, total coliform and faecal streptococci were detected at depth 2.5m also two months after the application. Statistical analysis using New Duncan Multiple Range test showed significant variation (p<0.05) of all the parameters tested with depth of sample collection and months after application of poultry manure. Spearman’s correlation coefficient established both positive and negative correlation between the parameters studied in this research. Heavy metals tested, Arsenic, copper, zinc, chromium and manganese were not able to leach beyond 0.5m depth of the soil core throughout the experimental period.

scholarly journals Analysis of Spatial Variability of River Bottom Sediment Pollution with Heavy Metals and Assessment of Potential Ecological Hazard for the Warta River, Poland

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 327
Author(s):  
Joanna Jaskuła ◽  
Mariusz Sojka ◽  
Michał Fiedler ◽  
Rafał Wróżyński
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Bottom Sediment ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Sediment Pollution ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Effect Concentration ◽  
Ecological Hazard ◽  
River Bottom

Pollution of river bottom sediments with heavy metals (HMs) has emerged as a main environmental issue related to intensive anthropopressure on the water environment. In this context, the risk of harmful effects of the HMs presence in the bottom sediments of the Warta River, the third longest river in Poland, has been assessed. The concentrations of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb in the river bottom sediments collected at 24 sample collection stations along the whole river length have been measured and analyzed. Moreover, in the GIS environment, a method predicting variation of HMs concentrations along the whole river length, not at particular sites, has been proposed. Analysis of the Warta River bottom sediment pollution with heavy metals in terms of the indices: the Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), Enrichment Factor (EF), Pollution Load Index (PLI), and Metal Pollution Index (MPI), has proved that, in 2016, the pollution was heavier than in 2017. Assessment of the potential toxic effects of HMs accumulated in bottom sediments, made on the basis of Threshold Effect Concentration (TEC), Midpoint Effect Concentration (MEC), and Probable Effect Concentration (PEC) values, and the Toxic Risk Index (TRI), has shown that the ecological hazard in 2017 was much lower. Cluster analysis revealed two main groups of sample collection stations at which bottom sediments showed similar chemical properties. Changes in classification of particular sample collection stations into the two groups analyzed over a period of two subsequent years indicated that the main impact on the concentrations of HMs could have their point sources in urbanized areas and river fluvial process.

scholarly journals Assessment of heavy metals contamination and associated risks in shallow groundwater sources from three different residential areas within Ibadan metropolis, southwest Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saheed Adekunle Ganiyu ◽  
Abimbola Temitope Oyadeyi ◽  
Azeem Adedeji Adeyemi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
World Health ◽  
Southwest Nigeria ◽  
The Mean

AbstractThis study has been conducted to appraise the concentrations of selected heavy metals and total dissolved solids (TDSs) in the drinking water from shallow wells in parts of Ibadan metropolis, southwest Nigeria. Fifteen (15) water samples were collected from three representative residential locations [traditional core area (TCA), peri-urban area (PUA), and urban area (UA)] for geochemical analysis. Heavy metals and TDS were analyzed with the aid of atomic absorption spectrophotometer and calibrated meter, respectively. The mean concentration (mg/L) of Zn, Pb Mn, Fe, and Cd has been 3.930, 0.658, 0.0304, 1.698, and 0.501, respectively, and as a consequence, the order of abundance of studied metals was Zn > Fe > Pb > Cd > Mn. Concentrations of Zn, Fe, Pb, and Cd were higher than recommended standards in 60%, 86.7%, 100%, and 100% of groundwater samples, respectively. However, at all points tested, the mean concentrations of Mn and TDS in water samples lie within the safe limits set by World Health Organization. The evaluation of geoaccumulation index (Igeo), enrichment factor (EF), and contamination factor suggests that representative water samples were low-to-moderate contamination. The potential ecological risk index advocates low-to-moderate ecological risk in TCA and PUA, while it demonstrated exclusive “moderate” risk in UA. Further, the range of pollution load index (PLI) (0.55–1.32) in both TCA and PUA shows nil-to-moderate pollution status, while PLI values > 1 in UA indicate moderate contaminated state. The degree of contamination in groundwater showed the following trends: UA > TCA > PUA in the study area. Moreover, the results of EF and quantification of contamination of analyzed metals in water samples indicate geogenic and anthropogenic inputs. The contribution of studied metals to the incidence of non-cancer risk via oral intake within the residential sites follows the order: cadmium > lead > zinc > iron > manganese. The hazard index as a result of ingested heavy metals for the three population classes surpasses the acceptable range in the order of infant < child < adult. Cadmium and lead made considerable impact to the estimation of cancer risk in the study area for the three human population categories. Factor analysis extracted only one component that explained 94.64% of the entire variance, while cluster analysis identified three distinct groups based on similar water quality characteristics. Based on the findings of the study, awareness programs toward protecting the shallow groundwater sources should be launched, encouraged, and sustained. Moreover, the study suggests better hygienic practices and pre-treatment of contaminated water before consumption.

Impact of metals bioleaching on the nutrient value of biological nutrient removal biosolids

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 175-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdallah Shanableh ◽  
Pushpa Ginige
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Beneficial Use ◽  
Nutrient Value

The biosolids industry in Australia is evolving around the beneficial use of biosolids as a resource. Phosphorus rich biosolids from biological nutrient removal (BNR) facilities are highly desirable for land application. However, the accumulation of toxic heavy metals and industrial organic contaminants may render the biosolids unsuitable for land application. The presence of toxic heavy metals has been identified by Local Authorities in Australia as a major constraint limiting the beneficial use of biosolids. The potential of off-site contamination due to the migration of nutrients is also a major concern especially when applying biosolids to acidic agricultural land. Accordingly, the relevant environment protection and conservation agencies are involved in either developing or finalising guidelines to control the beneficial use of biosolids products. Metals bioleaching is a process achieved through bio-acidification. Bio-acidification of biosolids prior to land application can be used to dissolve and remove a significant fraction of the heavy metals content of the product. However, the process also reduces the nutrients content of the resource. Bio-acidification of Loganholme (Queensland) BNR biosolids dissolved 76% of the total phosphorus and 38% of the TKN. The heavy metals solubilisation results reached 50% for Cr, 79% for Ni, 45% for Zn, 24% for Cu, 30% for Cd, and 82% for Pb.

scholarly journals Heavy metals concentration in “etak” tissue at different processing stages.

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
Dee Koh Han ◽  
Faizuan Abdullah ◽  
Idanne Adilla Ibrahim ◽  
Nurul Inani Rozaki ◽  
Siti Nor Aini Md Nasir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Corbicula Fluminea ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrometer ◽  
Acid Digestion ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Freshwater Bivalve ◽  
Metal Determination ◽  
Permissible Limits ◽  
Local Newspapers ◽  
Heavy Metal Determination

Corbicula fluminea, known as “etak” in Kelantan, Malaysia is a freshwater bivalve. This clam is widely consumed as traditional snack by the locals. However, lately there are numerous reports in local newspapers that claim “etak” to cause health effects due to eating contaminated “etak”. Hence, this study aims to determine the heavy metals concentration in fresh, smoked and exposed “etak” sold at the stall as a baseline study in order to develop a method for removing the heavy metals content in its tissues. This study involves sample collection in the stalls around Kelantan, sample preparations via acid digestion and heavy metal determination using Perkin Elmer PinAAcle 900F Atomic Absorption Spectrometer. The results showed the heavy metals (Cr, Zn, Mn and Cu) concentrations (µg/g) in all “etak” tissue were at different level for fresh (Cr: 1.02±0.35ppm, Zn: 74.57±2.76ppm, Mn: 40.22±9.96ppm and Cu: 15.27±1.41ppm), smoked (Cr: 0.42±0.02ppm, Zn: 54.62±17.83ppm, Mn: 50.13±2.31ppm and Cu: 20.94±8.81ppm) and exposed (Cr: 0.53±0.08ppm, Zn: 63.07±8.44ppm, Mn: 50.41±6.92ppm and Cu: 12.80±0.40ppm) samples. The results obtained were compared with the permissible limits set by Malaysian Food Regulations 1985 (Cu: 30.0ppm and Zn: 100.0ppm), FAO/WHO 1984 (Mn: 5.4ppm) and IAEA – 407 (Cr: 0.75ppm). For fresh “etak”, Zn and Cu concentration were below the standards, while Mn and Cr were exceeded the permissible limits. For smoked “etak” and exposed “etak” at stall, all heavy metals concentration were within the permissible limits, except Mn contents. This study successfully determine the baseline concentration of the heavy metals in “etak”.

scholarly journals Heavy Metals Concentration in Contaminated Soils from Southern Part of Romania

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana FLORESCU ◽  
Andreea IORDACHE ◽  
Claudia SANDRU ◽  
Elena HORJ ◽  
Roxana IONETE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Contamination Of Soils

As a result of accidental spills or leaks, industrial wastes may enter in soil and in streams. Some of the contaminants may not be completely removed by treatment processes; therefore, they could become a problem for these sources. The use of synthetic products (e.g. pesticides, paints, batteries, industrial waste, and land application of industrial or domestic sludge) can result in heavy metal contamination of soils.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistance Profile and Chemical Quality Assessment of Groundwater Sources from Periurban Area of Bucharest, Romania

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 3549-3554
Author(s):  
Florica Marinescu ◽  
Mihaela Ilie ◽  
Gina Ghita ◽  
Ioana Savin ◽  
Carmen Tociu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Maximum Admissible Concentration ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Profile ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Resistance Rates

Twenty-two groundwater sources mainly used for drinking purpose in Bucharest peri-urban area were investigated for assessment of physico-chemical and microbiological quality with a view to determining its potential risk to public health. Results of chemical analysis revealed that nitrites, sulphates and chlorides were below the permissible levels, while 63.64% of the analysed groundwater sources exceeded the maximum admissible concentration for nitrates, with concentration variations ranging from 67.27 to 523.19 mg/L. The bacteriological analysis showed that in about 63% of groundwater sources total coliform, faecal coliform and enterococci have exceeded the threshold limits recommended by the Drinking Water Directive 98/83/EC and the Romanian Law. Another aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of antibiotic resistance among Gram-negative strains isolated from groundwater sources. There observed the resistance to many antibiotics, particularly: ticarcillin (80%), aztreonam (29%), gentamicin (11%), imipenem (9%), ceftriaxone (9%), ceftazidime (3%) and ciprofloxacin (3%). Significant higher resistance rates were observed in strains isolated from shallow groundwater sources as compared with strains isolated from deep groundwater sources. Pseudomonas sp. (26%) isolates with multiple-drug resistance (MDR) were encountered. The results of the study revealed a bacteriological contamination and high levels of nitrate concentrations in most of the groundwater samples, which could pose an important risk to human health.

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