scholarly journals Impacts of Anthropogenic Factors on Urban Air Quality in Lagos Metropolis

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Peter Nkashi AGAN
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Industrial Land ◽  
The City

Land use is the utilization and reordering of land cover for human comfort. This process disrupts the pristine state of the environment reducing the quality of environmental receptors like water, air, vegetation etc. Air pollution is introduced into the environment as a result of anthropogenic activities from commercial, industrial and residential areas. These activities are burning of fossil fuels for power generation, transport of goods and services, valorization of raw materials into finished products, bush burning, use of gas cookers, generators and electric stove etc. The introduction of pollutants into the planetary layer of the atmosphere has impacted negatively on the quality of the environment posing threat to humans and the survival of the ecosystem. In Lagos metropolis, commercial activities and high population densities have caused elevated levels of pollution in the city. This study aimed to investigate the spatial distribution of pollutant in Lagos metropolis with a view to revealing the marked spatial/temporal difference in pollutants levels over residential, commercial and industrial land uses. Commercial and industrial land uses revealed higher levels of pollutants than the residential areas. Pearson product moment correlation coefficients revealed strong positive relationship between land use and air quality in the city.

scholarly journals Measurements of Local Sources of Particulates with a Portable Monitor along the Coast of an Insular City

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 261
Author(s):  
Christos Petsas ◽  
Marinos Stylianou ◽  
Antonis Zorpas ◽  
Agapios Agapiou
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Portable Monitor ◽  
Traffic Jam ◽  
Modern Cities ◽  
Anthropogenic Processes ◽  
The City ◽  
Coastal Front

The air quality of modern cities is considered an important factor for the quality of life of humans and therefore is being safeguarded by various international organizations, concentrating on the mass concentration of particulate matter (PM) with an aerodynamic diameter less than 10, 2.5 and 1 μm. However, the different physical and anthropogenic processes and activities within the city contribute to the rise of fine (<1 μm) and coarse (>1 μm) particles, directly impacting human health and the environment. In order to monitor certain natural and anthropogenic events, suspecting their significant contribution to PM concentrations, seven different events taking place on the coastal front of the city of Limassol (Cyprus) were on-site monitored using a portable PM instrument; these included both natural (e.g., dust event) and anthropogenic (e.g., cement factory, meat festival, tall building construction, tire factory, traffic jam, dust road) emissions taking place in spring and summer periods. The violations of the limits that were noticed were attributed mainly to the various anthropogenic activities taking place on-site, revealing once more the need for further research and continuous monitoring of air quality.

scholarly journals Impact of Landuses on Air and Water Quality- A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (Special issue 1) ◽  
pp. 11-21
Author(s):  
KALYANI SUPRIYA ◽  
R K AGGARWAL ◽  
S K BHARDWAJ
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Environmental Change ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Global Environmental Change ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Land Use Impact

Landuse alteration is one of the primary causes of global environmental change. Changes in the landuse usually occurred regionally and globally over last few decades and will carry on in the future as well. These activities are highly influenced by anthropogenic activities and have more serious consequences on the quality of water and air. In the present study relationship between land use impact on water and air quality have been reviewed.

scholarly journals Liquens como bioindicadores da poluição atmosférica em Paranaguá - PR

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e21
Author(s):  
Ricardo De Amorim Falcão ◽  
Gabriela Pereira Santana ◽  
Fernando Augusto Silveira Armani ◽  
Virnei Silva Moreira ◽  
Wesley Nogueira Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Atmospheric Pollutants ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Resistant Species ◽  
Commercial Area ◽  
The City ◽  
Port Areas

Lichens are organisms widely used as bioindicators of air quality. Due to the sensitivity of these organisms to atmospheric pollutants, in highly polluted environments, only the most resistant species predominate or even become extinct. In this work, the concentration of lichens on trees in the city of Paranaguá was evaluated to compare the air quality of the port and commercial area with the air quality of the residential region. We evaluated ninety trees distributed throughout the city, where we observed that both the concentration of lichens and the variety of species are higher in residential areas than in port areas, probably due to the better air quality in the residential area of Paranaguá.

VALORIZATION OF THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT OF SOUTH SERBIA FROM THE AIR QUALITY ASPECT

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 1329-1333
Author(s):  
Miodrag Šmelcerović
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Pollution Sources ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Cause And Effect ◽  
Sources Of Pollution

The protection of the environment and people’s health from negative influences of the pollution of air as a medium of the environment requires constant observing of the air quality in accordance with international standards, the analysis of emission and imission of polluting matters in the air, and their connection with the sources of pollution. Having in mind the series of laws and delegated legislations which define the field of air pollution, it is necessary to closely observe these long-term processes, discovering cause-and-effect relationships between the activities of anthropogenic sources of emission of polluting matters and the level of air degradation. The relevant evaluation of the air quality of a certain area can be conducted if the level of concentration of polluting matters characteristic for the pollution sources of this area is observed in a longer period of time. The data obtained by the observation of the air pollution are the basis for creation of the recovery program of a certain area. Vranje is a town in South Serbia where there is a bigger number of anthropogenic pollution sources that can significantly diminish the air quality. The cause-and-effect relationship of the anthropogenic sources of pollution is conducted related to the analysis of systematized data which are in the relevant data base of the authorized institution The Institute of Public Health Vranje, for the time period between the year of 2012. and 2017. By the analysis of data of imission concentrations of typical polluting matters, the dominant polluting matters were determined on the territory of the town of Vranje, the ones that are the causers of the biggest air pollution and the risk for people’s health. Analysis of the concentration of soot, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides indicates their presence in the air of Vranje town area in concentrations that do not exceed the permitted limit values annually. The greatest pollution is caused by the soot content in the air, especially in the winter period when the highest number of days with the values above the limit was registered. By perceiving the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors, it is clear that the concentration of polluting matters can be decreased only by establishing control over anthropogenic sources of pollution, and thus it can be contributed to the improvement of the air quality of this urban environment.

scholarly journals Estimating Soil Water Susceptibility to Salinization in the Mekong River Delta Using a Modified DRASTIC Model

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 1636
Author(s):  
Thanh N. Le ◽  
Duy X. Tran ◽  
Thuong V. Tran ◽  
Sangay Gyeltshen ◽  
Tan V. Lam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Drastic Model ◽  
River Catchment ◽  
Modified Drastic

Saltwater intrusion risk assessment is a foundational step for preventing and controlling salinization in coastal regions. The Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD) is highly affected by drought and salinization threats, especially severe under the impacts of global climate change and the rapid development of an upstream hydropower dam system. This study aimed to apply a modified DRASTIC model, which combines the generic DRASTIC model with hydrological and anthropogenic factors (i.e., river catchment and land use), to examine seawater intrusion vulnerability in the soil-water-bearing layer in the Ben Tre province, located in the VMD. One hundred and fifty hand-auger samples for total dissolved solids (TDS) measurements, one of the reflected salinity parameters, were used to validate the results obtained with both the DRASTIC and modified DRASTIC models. The spatial analysis tools in the ArcGIS software (i.e., Kriging and data classification tools) were used to interpolate, classify, and map the input factors and salinization susceptibility in the study area. The results show that the vulnerability index values obtained from the DRASTIC and modified DRASTIC models were 36–128 and 55–163, respectively. The vulnerable indices increased from inland districts to coastal areas. The Ba Tri and Binh Dai districts were recorded as having very high vulnerability to salinization, while the Chau Thanh and Cho Lach districts were at a low vulnerability level. From the comparative analysis of the two models, it is obvious that the modified DRASTIC model with the inclusion of a river or canal network and agricultural practices factors enables better performance than the generic DRASTIC model. This enhancement is explained by the significant impact of anthropogenic activities on the salinization of soil water content. This study’s results can be used as scientific implications for planners and decision-makers in river catchment and land-use management practices.

scholarly journals Contribution of Local and Transboundary Air Pollution to the Urban Air Quality of Fukuoka, Japan

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 431
Author(s):  
Ayako Yoshino ◽  
Akinori Takami ◽  
Keiichiro Hara ◽  
Chiharu Nishita-Hara ◽  
Masahiko Hayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Gaseous Species ◽  
Transboundary Air Pollution ◽  
Local Air Pollution ◽  
The City

Transboundary air pollution (TAP) and local air pollution (LAP) influence the air quality of urban areas. Fukuoka, located on the west side of Japan and affected by TAP from the Asian continent, is a unique example for understanding the contribution of LAP and TAP. Gaseous species and particulate matter (PM) were measured for approximately three weeks in Fukuoka in the winter of 2018. We classified two distinctive periods, LAP and TAP, based on wind speed. The classification was supported by variations in the concentration of gaseous species and by backward trajectories. Most air pollutants, including NOx and PM, were high in the LAP period and low in the TAP period. However, ozone was the exception. Therefore, our findings suggest that reducing local emissions is necessary. Ozone was higher in the TAP period, and the variation in ozone concentration was relatively small, indicating that ozone was produced outside of the city and transported to Fukuoka. Thus, air pollutants must also be reduced at a regional scale, including in China.

scholarly journals IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF INFORMATION SUPPORT FOR MONITORING AIR POLLUTION FROM VEHICLES (CASE STUDY OF ST. PETERSBURG)

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
V. N. Lozhkin ◽  
◽  
O. V. Lozhkina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Information Process ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Standard Limit ◽  
The City ◽  
Original Information

Introduction. St. Petersburg is the cultural and sea capital of Russia. The city is characterized by environmental problems typical for the largest cities in the world. It has a technical system for instrumental online monitoring and computational forecasting of air quality. Methods. The system maintains the information process by means of computational monitoring of its current and future state. Results. The paper describes methodological approaches to the generation of instrumental information about the structure and intensity of traffic flows in the urban road network and its digital transformation into GIS maps of air pollution in terms of pollutants standard limit values excess. Conclusion. The original information technology for air quality control was introduced at the regional level in the form of an official methodology and is used in environmental management activities.

scholarly journals Prediksi Perubahan Penggunaan Lahan dan Pola Berdasarkan Citra Landsat Multi Waktu dengan Land Change Modeler (LCM)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
Herlawati Herlawati ◽  
Fata Nidaul Khasanah ◽  
Prima Dina Atika ◽  
Rafika Sari ◽  
Rahmadya Trias Handayanto
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Accuracy Result ◽  
Prediction And Forecasting ◽  
Business As Usual ◽  
The City ◽  
Land Types ◽  
Regional Types

Land use/cover greatly affect the quality of an area. Therefore, many regional planners need assistance byother fields, such as geoinformatics, computer science, environment, and others. Although prediction and forecasting have been widely studied, in regardto real conditions (geospatial)itstill needmoredevelopment, especially thoseinvolving a combination of regional types, such as urban and suburban areas. This study uses a remote sensing base and geographic information system in predicting land in the city and district of Bekasi, West Java, Indonesia. With two scenarios compared (business as usual and vegetation conservation), the model that has been created and validated (with an AUC accuracy result of 0.828) is used to predict land use change until 2030. Scenarios with vegetation conservation are able to keep green areas to switch to land types others, such as buildings and industry

scholarly journals Impact of Changes in Land Use and Land Cover in the Contribution Basin of Doutor João Penido Water Supply Reservoir of Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Juliana Nazareth de Lana ◽  
Márcio de Oliveira ◽  
Vanessa Romario de Paula ◽  
Cézar Henrique Barra Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The City ◽  
Water Supply Reservoirs ◽  
Limnological Parameters

Changes in the land use and land cover in areas adjacent to water reservoirs directly affect the quality of this water. This research presents a study on the water quality in the basin of one of the most important public water supply reservoirs in the city of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais. The main objective of this study was to analyze the behavior of limnological parameters and the correlation with land use and land cover in the contribution basin of the Doutor Jo&atilde;o Penido reservoir (CBJPR). The methodology was based on the analysis of water quality parameters, related to water samples collected from 2012 to 2015. Six sampling points were chosen from different locations: spring, medium course, main tributaries of the reservoir and the reservoir catchment. The parameters analyzed were turbidity, total solids (TS), oxygen consumed (OC), dissolved oxygen (DO), electrical conductivity, total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), E. Coli, temperature, pH and total dissolved solids (TDS). The Kendall&rsquo;s tau test was used to analyze the correlations between the parameters of water quality, land use and land cover in the CBJPR. In general, measured parameters showed better results in spring and in reservoir catchment, showing a worse quality of the water along the tributaries and the dilution power of the reservoir. The correlations pointed to the need for protection and preservation of forests in strategic locations to ensure good water quality.

scholarly journals Impacts of Urban Sprawl on Livability in Kaduna Metropolis, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 334-343
Author(s):  
Nuhu H. Tini ◽  
Bartholomew Joshua Light
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Public Facility ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
The City

Urban sprawl is a global phenomenon in the contemporary era. It is mostly taking place in the less developed countries due to natural increase and consistent movement of people into the mega cities and large urban centers. The phenomenon has globally gained attention from diverse researchers in the field of urban geography, environmental studies, city and region planning in view of its significant influence on the urban environment. However, the effect of sprawl on urban livability and economy in Nigerian cities is scarcely investigated especially in Northern Nigeria. This research explores the social and economic effects of urban sprawl in Kaduna metropolis. Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) Technologies were applied for the analysis. The study found that Kaduna metropolis has experienced a progressive increase in the built-up area; in 2006 it had an aerial coverage of 13,980 hectares, a rise of 107.91% from 2001 aerial coverage of 6724 hectares. In 2012, the city had an aerial coverage of 15,808 hectares, an increase of 13.08% from 2006. Conversely, there has been a remarkable decrease in percentage of vegetation (1,458 hectares) and agricultural (11,739 hectares) land areas. In turn, such changes has adversely affected urban facilities or utilities such as pipe-borne water, electricity, health facilities, schools, security, transportation, wastewater infrastructures and fire safety services, which has become overstressed. Economic crisis has manifested in the rise of unemployment and escalating number of urban poor. Residential land use has encroached into open spaces while commercial activities overrun residential areas. Increase in distance and journey time make travel cost unbearable to the common man. These and social fragmentation retard livability in the city. Thus calls for a balance sustainable development in Kaduna metropolis and effective management of urban growth by the Kaduna Capital Development Board Authority. In due course, smart growth policy, growth management, urban containment, effective land use planning and public facility adequacy have been recommended to foster viable urban growth in Kaduna city and elsewhere.

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