scholarly journals Annual pollen sums of alnus in Lublin and Roztocze in the years 2001-2007 against selected meteorological parameters

2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogusław M. Kaszewski ◽  
Irena A. Pidek ◽  
Krystyna Piotrowska ◽  
Elżbieta Weryszko-Chmielewska
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Pollen Deposition ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Total Precipitation ◽  
Pollen Data ◽  
Pollen Emission ◽  
Pollen Concentrations ◽  
June July

Alder (<i>Alnus</i> Mill.), as an anemophilous species, produces large quantities of easily dispersed pollen. Annual pollen sums recorded in south-eastern Poland (by the volumetric method - Lanzoni trap) and in the area of the village of Guciów in the Central Roztocze region (pollen deposition in Tauber traps) were compared. The height at which the respective trap sites were located as well as local and regional vegetation and the distance from the nearest alder communities differ in both cases, likewise, the climate of these two regions differ. The analysed pollen data series cover the years 1998-2007 in Roztocze and 2001-2007 in Lublin. Large differences have been noted in <i>Alnus</i> pollen deposition values between particular years. Among them, there were observed years of very high annual sums (2001, 2003, 2006), as well as years of very low pollen deposition values in both regions (2002, 2005, 2007). In the period in question, the mean value of annual <i>Alnus</i> pollen count for Lublin was 5372 alder pollen grains in m<sup>3</sup> of air, and in Roztocze 1647 grains per cm<sup>2</sup> of area. During the seven-year period of monitoring (2001-2007), very similar trends were noted with respect to airborne alder pollen concentrations at both trap sites. Pollen data have been analysed against meteorological factors affecting alder pollen production and deposition. These are total precipitation and mean monthly air temperature in June, July and August in the year preceding pollen emission and the same weather elements in January and February in the year of pollen emission. In Roztocze a statistically significant negative correlation has been found between <i>Alnus</i> pollen annual sums and total precipitation in August in the year preceding alder pollen emission and in February in the year of pollen emission. In both regions, the Spearman's correlation coefficient does not show any statistically significant values when comparing annual <i>Alnus</i> pollen sums with mean monthly temperatures of both January and February and summer months in the year preceding alder pollen emission.

scholarly journals Mugwort pollen season in the air of Poland in 2019

Alergoprofil ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Puc ◽  
Piotr Rapiejko ◽  
Agnieszka Lipiec ◽  
Małgorzata Malkiewicz ◽  
Katarzyna Dąbrowska-Zapart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Season ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Start Date ◽  
Airborne Concentration ◽  
Pollen Concentrations ◽  
Artemisia Species ◽  
Pollen Seasons ◽  
June July ◽  
Artemisia Pollen ◽  
Seasonal Pollen

  The Asteraceae family is one of the largest families, comprising 67 genera and 264 species in Poland. However, only a few genera, including Artemisia, are potential allergenic sources. The aim of the study was to compare the mugwort pollen seasons in Bialystok, Bydgoszcz, Sosnowiec, Lublin, Piotrkow Trybunalski, Opole, Olsztyn, Szczecin, Warsaw and Wroclaw in 2019. The investigations were carried out using the volumetric method. Seasonal Pollen Index was estimated as the sum of daily average pollen concentrations in the given season. The mugwort pollen season is mainly observed in June, July and at the beginning of September. In 2019 the pollen season of mugwort started first in Opole, on the June 26th. At the latest, a pollen season ended in Bydgoszcz and Warsaw, at the end of September. The differences of pollen seasons duration were extremely considerable, from 35 to 83 days. The highest airborne concentration of 97 pollen grains/m3 was noted in Lublin on the July 31st. The maximum values of seasonal pollen count in Polish cities occurred between July 28th and August 12th, most often between in late July and early August. The highest mugwort pollen allergen hazard occurred in 2019 in Lublin, Warsaw, Opole and Wroclaw, and was 2–3 times higher than in other cities. The highest variability in the analysed seasons was found in start date, while the lowest in the peak value and SPI value. In the pollen season in 2019, 2 peaks of Artemisia pollen concentrations were observed as a result of the order of flowering of A. vulgaris and A. campestris. Information on the pollination of various Artemisia species will be used to avoid excessive exposure to allergens of these pollen grains.

scholarly journals Airborne birch pollen in Poland and Latvia in the light of data obtained from aerobiological monitoring and tauber traps in relation to mean air temperature

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena A. Pidek ◽  
Katarzyna Piotrowska ◽  
Bogusław M. Kaszewski ◽  
Laimdota Kalnina ◽  
Elżbieta Weryszko-Chmielewska
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Birch Pollen ◽  
Pollen Deposition ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Pollen Monitoring ◽  
Pollen Emission ◽  
Se Poland ◽  
Pollen Seasons

Birch pollen contains allergens belonging to those with the strongest allergenic properties. In order to trace pollen season patterns of this taxon and pollen annual sums at a wider regional scale, cooperation was established with the University of Latvia in Riga (Latvia). A comparison of the results obtained in the years 2003-2008 in Lublin and in Riga, using volumetric samplers, shows that there was a similar trend in the abundance of birch pollen. The highest sums were noted at both sites in 2003. In all the study years, more birch pollen grains were recorded in Lublin than in Riga, on the average by 7110. The birch pollen seasons started earlier in Lublin than in Riga, on the average by 6 days, and they ended earlier in Lublin, on the average by 18 days. In Riga the birch pollen seasons were longer and less abundant than in Lublin. In addition, in both the regions, i.e. in SE Poland (the Roztocze area) and in Latvia (the area of Marupe near Riga, Taurene, Teici and Rucava), there is pollen data series available obtained from annual pollen deposition monitoring conducted using the modified Tauber traps. These pollen counts have been carried out under the Pollen Monitoring Programme (http://pmp.oulu.fi) since 1998. The 11- year data series in Roztocze and the 10-year data series in Latvia allowed the trends in the occurrence of years of abundant or poor birch pollen release to be traced. In Roztocze maximum Betula pollen deposition occurred in the year 2003, in Latvia - in 1999. The absence of a significant correlation between SE Poland and Latvia with regard to the trends in the occurrence of years of abundant <i>Betula</i> pollen deposition induced the authors to seek climatic factors responsible for increased birch pollen production. The analysis of the Spearman's rank correlation coefficients between annual <i>Betula</i> pollen sums in Roztocze and mean air temperature in June, July and August in the year preceding pollen emission as well as in spring (January-April) of the year of pollen emission showed a statistically significant negative correlation with air temperature in February of the year of pollen emission.

scholarly journals Spring Influences on Olive Flowering and Threshold Temperatures Related to Reproductive Structure Formation

HortScience ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 1052-1057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Orlandi ◽  
Carlo Sgromo ◽  
Tommaso Bonofiglio ◽  
Luigia Ruga ◽  
Bruno Romano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Reproductive Structure ◽  
Pollen Monitoring ◽  
Pollen Emission ◽  
Italian Regions ◽  
Threshold Temperatures ◽  
Pollen Concentrations ◽  
Monitoring Stations

Several bioclimatic studies have been developed over recent years considering temperature trends and their influence on vegetative and reproductive phenomena during plant growth. In the applied aerobiology laboratory of Perugia University, various studies of olive (Olea europaea L.) flowering and its relationship with climatic variables have been conducted. Since 1999, a flowering monitoring network in central–southern Italy has been working to track the biological phenomena over the years, the possible differences between the monitoring stations, and the relationships with climate. Olive flowering was monitored in 15 monitoring stations located in four Italian regions (Campania, Calabria, Puglia, and Sicily) representing ≈90% of national olive territories. The flowering phenophase was studied through pollen emission monitoring, making use of scientific instruments that capture defined volumes of atmosphere and allow us to ascertain the pollen emission trends, thereby determining daily average pollen concentrations (pollen grains/m3). The combined analysis of pollen monitoring and meteorological data permitted identifying various groups of stations characterized by the fact that better relationships between reproductive structure development and growing degree-days are obtained with different spring threshold temperatures (low 7 to 10 °C or high 11 to 14 °C). Moreover, the study permitted demonstrating particular meteorological and biological behaviors, providing useful information about plant–climate relationships in a species of economic interest affected by interincompatibility.

scholarly journals EMPOL 1.0: a new parameterization of pollen emission in numerical weather prediction models

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1961-1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Zink ◽  
A. Pauling ◽  
M. W. Rotach ◽  
H. Vogel ◽  
P. Kaufmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Weather Prediction ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Birch Pollen ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Pollen Emission ◽  
Numerical Weather ◽  
Pollen Concentrations ◽  
Scale Modelling ◽  
Reactive Trace Gases

Abstract. Simulating pollen concentrations with numerical weather prediction (NWP) systems requires a parameterization for pollen emission. We have developed a parameterization that is adaptable for different plant species. Both biological and physical processes of pollen emission are taken into account by parameterizing emission as a two-step process: (1) the release of the pollen from the flowers, and (2) their entrainment into the atmosphere. Key factors influencing emission are temperature, relative humidity, the turbulent kinetic energy and precipitation. We have simulated the birch pollen season of 2012 using the NWP system COSMO-ART (Consortium for Small-scale Modelling – Aerosols and Reactive Trace Gases), both with a parameterization already present in the model and with our new parameterization EMPOL. The statistical results show that the performance of the model can be enhanced by using EMPOL.

scholarly journals Neural networks for increased accuracy of allergenic pollen monitoring

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel Polling ◽  
Chen Li ◽  
Lu Cao ◽  
Fons Verbeek ◽  
Letty A. de Weger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Airborne Pollen ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Allergenic Pollen ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Pollen Monitoring ◽  
Pollen Concentrations ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Urticaceae Pollen

AbstractMonitoring of airborne pollen concentrations provides an important source of information for the globally increasing number of hay fever patients. Airborne pollen is traditionally counted under the microscope, but with the latest developments in image recognition methods, automating this process has become feasible. A challenge that persists, however, is that many pollen grains cannot be distinguished beyond the genus or family level using a microscope. Here, we assess the use of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to increase taxonomic accuracy for airborne pollen. As a case study we use the nettle family (Urticaceae), which contains two main genera (Urtica and Parietaria) common in European landscapes which pollen cannot be separated by trained specialists. While pollen from Urtica species has very low allergenic relevance, pollen from several species of Parietaria is severely allergenic. We collect pollen from both fresh as well as from herbarium specimens and use these without the often used acetolysis step to train the CNN model. The models show that unacetolyzed Urticaceae pollen grains can be distinguished with > 98% accuracy. We then apply our model on before unseen Urticaceae pollen collected from aerobiological samples and show that the genera can be confidently distinguished, despite the more challenging input images that are often overlain by debris. Our method can also be applied to other pollen families in the future and will thus help to make allergenic pollen monitoring more specific.

A natural intergeneric hybrid of Gesneriaceae from Brazil

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 497 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-96
Author(s):  
ANDRÉA ONOFRE DE ARAUJO ◽  
MAURO PEIXOTO ◽  
CINTIA NEVES DE SOUZA ◽  
EDUARDO CUSTÓDIO GASPARINO ◽  
JULIANA TOLEDO FARIA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Intergeneric Hybrid ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Natural Hybrid ◽  
Pollen Data ◽  
Cytological Data ◽  
High Viability ◽  
Structural Abnormalities

A natural hybrid between Goyazia and Mandirola (Gloxiniinae, Gesneriaceae) from Cerrado (Brazil) is here described, supported by pollen morphology, cytological data and morphological characters. The microsporogenesis of Mandirola hirsuta and that of the hybrid were analyzed in order to evaluate the cytogenetic characteristics. The haploid chromosome numbers observed were n = 12 for M. hirsuta and n = 11, 13, 16 and 26 for the hybrid. Structural abnormalities (monads, dyads, triads and micronuclei) were observed at the final of the hybrid’s meiosis. High viability rates of the pollen were recorded for Goyazia and Mandirola (>90%) and low viability for the hybrid (34.7%). The pollen grains were acetolyzed, measured and photographed for pollen morphology analysis. Quantitative pollen data were analyzed through descriptive and multivariate statistics. The hybrid has intermediate pollen characteristics between G. petraea and M. hirsuta; it is more related to G. petraea by the measures of diameters and ectoapertures; it is more similar to M. hirsuta mainly regarding the microreticulum on the mesocolpium region. The hybrid and Mandirola share vegetative and flower size, while the colors of the hybrid are similar to Goyazia. Pollen morphology, cytological data and morphological characters brought clear evidence for the recognition of the intergeneric hybrid, which we named as Goydirola x punctata.

scholarly journals Precise Pollen Grain Detection in Bright Field Microscopy Using Deep Learning Techniques

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (16) ◽  
pp. 3583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramón Gallardo-Caballero ◽  
Carlos J. García-Orellana ◽  
Antonio García-Manso ◽  
Horacio M. González-Velasco ◽  
Rafael Tormo-Molina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Network Architecture ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Pollen Grain ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Pollen Types ◽  
Pollen Concentrations ◽  
Pollen Counting ◽  
Estimation System ◽  
3D Information

The determination of daily concentrations of atmospheric pollen is important in the medical and biological fields. Obtaining pollen concentrations is a complex and time-consuming task for specialized personnel. The automatic location of pollen grains is a handicap due to the high complexity of the images to be processed, with polymorphic and clumped pollen grains, dust, or debris. The purpose of this study is to analyze the feasibility of implementing a reliable pollen grain detection system based on a convolutional neural network architecture, which will be used later as a critical part of an automated pollen concentration estimation system. We used a training set of 251 videos to train our system. As the videos record the process of focusing the samples, this system makes use of the 3D information presented by several focal planes. Besides, a separate set of 135 videos (containing 1234 pollen grains of 11 pollen types) was used to evaluate detection performance. The results are promising in detection (98.54% of recall and 99.75% of precision) and location accuracy (0.89 IoU as the average value). These results suggest that this technique can provide a reliable basis for the development of an automated pollen counting system.

scholarly journals The late flowering of invasive species contributes to the increase of Artemisia allergenic pollen in autumn: an analysis of 25 years of aerobiological data (1995–2019) in Trentino-Alto Adige (Northern Italy)

Aerobiologia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 669-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonella Cristofori ◽  
Edith Bucher ◽  
Michele Rossi ◽  
Fabiana Cristofolini ◽  
Veronika Kofler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Pollen Season ◽  
Airborne Pollen ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Natura 2000 ◽  
Allergenic Pollen ◽  
Pollen Concentration ◽  
Pollen Concentrations ◽  
Negative Impacts

AbstractArtemisia pollen is an important aeroallergen in late summer, especially in central and eastern Europe where distinct anemophilous Artemisia spp. produce high amounts of pollen grains. The study aims at: (i) analyzing the temporal pattern of and changes in the Artemisia spp. pollen season; (ii) identifying the Artemisia species responsible for the local airborne pollen load.Daily pollen concentration of Artemisia spp. was analyzed at two sites (BZ and SM) in Trentino-Alto Adige, North Italy, from 1995 to 2019.The analysis of airborne Artemisia pollen concentrations evidences the presence of a bimodal curve, with two peaks, in August and September, respectively. The magnitude of peak concentrations varies across the studied time span for both sites: the maximum concentration at the September peak increases significantly for both the BZ (p < 0.05) and SM (p < 0.001) site. The first peak in the pollen calendar is attributable to native Artemisia species, with A. vulgaris as the most abundant; the second peak is mostly represented by the invasive species A. annua and A. verlotiorum (in constant proportion along the years), which are causing a considerable increase in pollen concentration in the late pollen season in recent years.. The spread of these species can affect human health, increasing the length and severity of allergenic pollen exposure in autumn, as well as plant biodiversity in both natural and cultivated areas, with negative impacts on, e.g., Natura 2000 protected sites and crops.

scholarly journals Serum immunoreactive erythropoietin in children with cyanotic and acyanotic congenital heart disease

Blood ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 822-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Haga ◽  
PM Cotes ◽  
JA Till ◽  
BD Minty ◽  
EA Shinebourne
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
Arterial Oxygen Content ◽  
Acyanotic Congenital Heart Disease

Abstract Serum immunoreactive erythropoietin (siEp) was measured in 27 cyanotic and 21 acyanotic children with congenital heart disease, age 4 months to 10 years. The geometric mean value was 9 mIU/mL for each group with 95% range from 3 to 26 mIU/mL and 4 to 22 mIU/mL for the cyanotic and acyanotic subjects, respectively. The levels are similar to those found in normal adults using the same assay system. Three cyanotic subjects showed increased siEp values. One was anemic relative to his hypoxemia, and the other two showed signs of increasing hypoxia. There was a significant negative correlation between siEp and arterial oxygen content. However, siEp did not correlate significantly with hemoglobin, hematocrit, PaO2, or SaO2. Despite normal siEp levels, the cyanotic children showed compensatory erythropoiesis with significantly elevated hemoglobin and hematocrit levels, which did correlate inversely with PaO2 and SaO2. Arterial oxygen content was also significantly higher in the cyanotic subjects (p less than 0.02). The cyanotic children seemed to display the same pattern as observed in man and animals exposed to prolonged hypobaric hypoxia, where after an initial rise in erythropoietin values the levels fall to normal, while increased erythropoiesis is sustained.

scholarly journals Ash pollen allergy and aerobiology

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 289-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Gassner ◽  
Peter Schmid-Grendelmeier ◽  
Bernard Clot
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Birch Pollen ◽  
Pollen Allergy ◽  
Fraxinus Excelsior ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Fraxinus Americana ◽  
Ash Dieback ◽  
Pollen Emission ◽  
Pollen Concentrations

Abstract Background Allergy to ash pollen is common in some parts of Europe. Sensitization is overlooked if Oleaceae pollen allergens are not included in screening tests. Methods Between 1983 and 2007, sensitization to aeroallergens was systematically investigated using serological methods in 15-year-old school children (Immuno-CAP [carrier polymer] test). Samples from 1986 and 2006 were also tested using the immuno-solid-phase allergen chip (ISAC) assay. School children with sensitizations in 1986 were retested in 2010. Airborne pollen concentrations were determined by the Swiss pollen measuring network. Results Sensitization (>0.7 kU/l) to ash pollen (Fraxinus americana t15)—16.3% (102/627)—was more frequent than to birch pollen (Betula verrucosa t3): 15.3% (96/627). ISAC assays performed in children in 1986 and 2006 revealed higher molecular seroprevalence for nOle e 1 (15%; 15/100) compared to rBet v 1 (12%; 12/100). Followed-up subjects (age, 39) showed an increase in sensitizations to ash pollen. IgE levels to pollen from indigenous ash (Fraxinus excelsior t25) were higher than to pollen from American ash (Fraxinus americana t15). Low ash pollen emission levels were recorded at all measuring sites in Switzerland every 2–4 years. The infection of ashes by Chalara fraxinea resulted in increased emission of ash pollen. Conclusion Symptoms in individuals sensitized to ash pollen vary according to the pollen count and may be masked by pollen from other trees that flower at the same time of year. Sensitization to ash/Ole e 1 can be higher than to birch/Bet v 1. The determination of IgE to common ash (Fraxinus excelsior) is more sensitive than to American ash (Fraxinus americana). Ash dieback due to Chalara appears to increase pollen emission. Allergies to ash pollen can be significantly underestimated due to a failure to (correctly) identify them; they can also be masked by other pollen families (birch). Harmful organisms such as Chalara can intensify pollen emissions at least temporarily.

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