Development and Validation of a Green Analytical Method for the Determination of Norfloxacin in Raw Material by FTIR Spectrophotometry

2016 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 1533-1536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jéssica Sayuri Hisano Natori ◽  
Eliane Gandolpho Tótoli ◽  
Hérida Regina Nunes Salgado
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Ftir Spectrophotometry ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Development And Validation

Abstract Norfloxacin is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent, widely used in humans and animals for the treatment of urinary tract infections. It is a second-generation fluoroquinolone. Several analytical methods to analyze norfloxacin have been described in the literature. However, most of them are complex and require the use of large amounts of organic solvents. This paper describes the development and validation of a green analytical method for the determination of norfloxacin in raw material by FTIR spectrophotometry. This method does not require the use of organic solvents, minimizing waste generation in the process and its environmental impacts. The development of methods that promote the reduction, prevention, or elimination of waste generation has become highly attractive to the pharmaceutical industry because of the growing demand from civil society and government authorities for environmentally friendly products and services. The FTIR spectrophotometry method was validated according to International Conference on Harmonization guidelines, showing adequate linearity (r = 0.9936), precision, accuracy, and robustness. This validated method can be used as an environmentally friendly alternative for the quantification of norfloxacin in raw material in QC routine analysis.

Development and Validation of an HPLC Method for Determination of Spirotetramat and Spirotetramat cis enol in Various Vegetables and Soil

2013 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 670-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balwinder Singh ◽  
Kousik Mandal ◽  
Sanjay K Sahoo ◽  
Urvashi Bhardwaj ◽  
Raminderjit Singh Battu
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
Anhydrous Sodium Sulfate ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Photodiode Array Detector ◽  
Photodiode Array ◽  
Precision And Accuracy ◽  
Hplc Grade Acetonitrile ◽  
Development And Validation

Abstract An easy and simple analytical method was standardized and validated for the estimation of residues of spirotetramat and its metabolite spirotetramat cis enol in various substrates: okra fruits, brinjal leaves and fruits, green chili, red chili, and soil. The samples were extracted with acetonitrile, diluted with brine solution, partitioned into dichloromethane, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and cleaned up by treatment with activated charcoal powder. Final clear extracts were concentrated under vacuum and reconstituted with HPLC grade acetonitrile. Residues were estimated using HPLC with a photodiode array detector and a C18 column, and confirmed by HPTLC. Acetonitrile was used as the mobile phase at 0.4 mL/min. Both spirotetramat and spirotetramat cis enol presented distinct peak at retention times of 8.518 and 7.598 min, respectively. Consistent recoveries ranging from 82 to 97% for spirotetramat and spirotetramat cis enol were observed when samples were spiked at 1.00 to 0.03 mg/kg levels. The LOQ of the method was found to be 0.03 mg/kg. The analytical method was validated in terms of parameters, including selectivity, linearity, precision, and accuracy.

scholarly journals Oxcarbazepine: validation and application of an analytical method

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Cristina Rezende Enéas ◽  
Renata Barbosa de Oliveira ◽  
Gerson Antônio Pianetti
Keyword(s):  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
International Conference ◽  
Pharmacopoeial Monograph ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Excipient Compatibility

Oxcarbazepine (OXC) is an important anticonvulsant and mood stabilizing drug. A pharmacopoeial monograph for OXC is not yet available and therefore the development and validation of a new analytical method for quantification of this drug is essential. In the present study, a UV spectrophotometric method for the determination of OXC was developed. The various parameters, such as linearity, precision, accuracy and specificity, were studied according to International Conference on Harmonization Guidelines. Batches of 150 mg OXC capsules were prepared and analyzed using the validated UV method. The formulations were also evaluated for parameters including drug-excipient compatibility, flowability, uniformity of weight, disintegration time, assay, uniformity of content and the amount of drug dissolved during the first hour.

scholarly journals Development and validation of analytical method by HPLC-DAD for determination of vasodilator active in pharmaceutical ophthalmic forms

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aina Liz Alves Cesar ◽  
Larissa Caldeira Navarro ◽  
Alaíde de Matos Silva ◽  
Rachel Oliveira Castilho ◽  
Gisele Assis Castro Goulart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Validation Of Analytical Method

A Method for Determining Nitrofurantoin in Urine in the Presence of Phenazopyridine Hydrochloride and Its Metabolites

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
R D Hollifield ◽  
John D Conklin
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Drug Concentrations ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Related Metabolite

Abstract The high urinary drug concentrations usually encountered after administering nitrofurantoin in the chemotherapy of urinary tract infections are often measured by the nitromethane—Hyamine method. We show here that, if the urinary tract analgesic, phenazopyridine hydrochloride, and its related metabolite(s) are in the urine, they interfere with this determination of nitrofurantoin. Nevertheless, the nitromethane—Hyamine method may be modified to determine nitrofurantoin quantitatively in urine collected from human subjects who have been treated with the analgesic and nitrofurantoin concomitantly.

A green analytical method for the determination of Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn in wheat flour using total reflection X-ray fluorescence

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 1264-1268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignacio Machado ◽  
Sebastián Mondutey ◽  
Natalia Pastorino ◽  
Valeria Arce ◽  
Mariela Pistón
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Wheat Flour ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Total Reflection ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Subsequent Determination ◽  
Environmentally Friendly Method

A simple, fast and environmentally friendly method for sample preparation and subsequent determination of minerals in wheat flour using TXRF.

Temocillin dosage adjustment in a preterm infant with severe renal disease: a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (12) ◽  
pp. 3652-3655
Author(s):  
Guillaume Dumangin ◽  
Matthieu Brenkman ◽  
Elise Pape ◽  
Allan Kolodziej ◽  
Nicolas Gambier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Preterm Infant ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Urinary Concentration ◽  
Severe Renal Disease ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
End Stage

Abstract Background Temocillin is a carboxypenicillin antibiotic indicated in complicated urinary tract infections due to susceptible ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae. While temocillin therapeutic schemes for adult patients with normal or impaired renal function are evidence based, little is known in paediatric populations. Objectives We report herein the management of temocillin treatment in a preterm infant with end-stage renal disease. Patients and methods The patient was a 7-month-old preterm infant born at 35 weeks gestation and treated by temocillin for 10 days for a bacteraemic urinary tract infection due to a susceptible ESBL-producing Enterobacter cloacae complex strain. Temocillin was administered by continuous infusion using a loading dose of 25 mg followed by a maintenance dose of 70 mg daily. Determination of MIC and temocillin plasma and urinary concentration was performed. Results Clinical improvement was observed 24 h after the initiation of temocillin treatment. Temocillin concentrations ranged between 21.6 and 35.5 mg/L in urine between the first and the sixth day of treatment and between 47.0 and 61.8 mg/L in plasma after 6 and 10 days of treatment, respectively. Temocillin concentrations were found to be above the determined MIC of 6 mg/L. From the measured concentrations, we can postulate that 100%fT>MIC was achieved in urine and at least equal to 40% in plasma. Conclusions Temocillin dosing adjustment performed in the present reported case allowed safe and effective treatment. The strategy described herein could be used as a basis for further clinical studies relative to temocillin use in a paediatric population with renal impairment.

scholarly journals TRACE LEVEL DETERMINATION OF SODIUM CHLORIDE AND SODIUM SULFATE CONTENT IN SODIUM LAURETH SULFATE RAW MATERIAL USING COUNTER CATION-EXCHANGE HPLC WITH INDIRECT ULTRAVIOLET DETECTION

2020 ◽  
pp. 119-123
Author(s):  
LAKSHMI NARASIMHA RAO KATAKAM ◽  
THIRUPATHI DONGALA
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Sodium Sulfate ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Trace Level ◽  
Counter Cation ◽  
Trace Level Determination

Objective: A novel study on a new liquid chromatographic approach has been developed and validated for simultaneous determination of trace level determination of sodium chloride and sodium sulfate measures its impurities using counter cation-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography with indirect ultraviolet (UV) detection. Methods: Chromatographic separation is developed and validated on a Hamilton PRP-X100 column with a mobile phase contained a mixture of the para-hydroxybenzoic acid buffer with a pH of 9.0 and methanol. Chromatography is developed at a flow rate of 2.0 mL/min with an indirect UV determination at 310 nm at a sensitivity level of 0.5%. The optimized method was validated as per the ICH Q2 guidelines. Results: The retention times of chloride and sulfate were about 2.8 and 7.6 min, respectively. The resolution between chloride and sulfate peaks is >4. Regression analysis confers a correlation coefficient for the stated compounds that are found to be >0.999. Conclusion: A novel analytical method was validated as per the ICH method validation guidelines and found to be selective. Hence, the validated analytical method was precise, specific, and accurate, and it is more economic and simple for the determination of inorganic impurities.

scholarly journals Changing pattern of resistant pathogens causing urinary tract infections in Karachi

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
H Najmul ◽  
A Tanveer
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Klebsiella Species ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

INTRODUCTION: The study under view is based under the aim to investigate the prevalence and susceptibility pattern of pathogens, causing urinary tract infections (UTIs), to antibiotics commonly used in routine medication. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Over a period of 10 months 100 isolates were collected for the determination of their susceptibility to chosen antibiotics, from a laboratory (MedPath Laboratories) in urban area of Karachi. All Gramnegative and Gram-positive urinary tract pathogens were re-identified by their morphological and biochemical characteristics and the susceptibility to seven antibiotics was determined. RESULTS: Pathogens were found as, Escherichia coli, Pseudomona spp, Klebsiella species, Enterobacter spp., and Staphylococci spp. In recent study, more than half of the Escherichia coli isolates were resistant to one or more of the all antimicrobial drugs tested. Resistance was most common to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and ofloxacin, cefixime, followed by gentamicin. Our results indicate that Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas spp. were the most common organisms causing UTI. Other organisms involved were Enterobacter spp., Staphylococcus spp., and Klebsiella spp. Increasing patterns of resistant to gentamicin, and ofloxacin were also observed. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, pattern of antibiotic susceptibility to first line antibiotics is changing hence antimicrobial susceptibility testing of all isolates is crucial for the treatment of UTI. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijim.v2i3.8069 Int J Infect Microbiol 2013;2(3):99-104  

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