scholarly journals Quantitative Brain Electrical Activity in the Initial Screening of Mild Traumatic Brain Injuries

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 394-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian O'Neil ◽  
Leslie Prichap ◽  
Naunheim Roseanne ◽  
Robert Chabot
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injuries ◽  
Brain Electrical Activity ◽  
Initial Screening ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injuries

scholarly journals Evaluation of Common Concussion Tools Used in a Sport’s Setting

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
Brady Armitage ◽  
B. Sue Graves
Keyword(s):  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Diagnostic Procedure ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injuries ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Mechanism Of Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injuries ◽  
The Brain

Sports medicine advancements are continuously evolving allowing professionals to utilize tools to provide for their athletes’ care. These tools have allowed clinicians to better diagnose and determine the extent of an athlete’s injury. Over the last 20 years, an emphasis has been placed on mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI) and/or concussions. This focus on mTBI and concussions has led to an understanding of the mechanism of injury (MOI), development of grading/severity scales of injury, and diagnostic tools for properly assessing an athlete suffering from an injury to the brain. Clinicians understanding of concussion has excelled in recent years, but with advancement in technologies and diagnostic tools, all professionals need to understand the importance of incorporating tools into the diagnostic procedure. Thus, the purpose of this review is to evaluate common tools in practice, as well as newer tools, that could be utilized by sports medicine professionals.

Long-Term Anesthetic-Dependent Hypoactivity after Repetitive Mild Traumatic Brain Injuries in Adolescent Mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 220-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bridgette D. Semple ◽  
Raha Sadjadi ◽  
Jaclyn Carlson ◽  
Yiran Chen ◽  
Duan Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Vasogenic Edema ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injuries ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Brain Maturation ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injuries

Recent evidence supports the hypothesis that repetitive mild traumatic brain injuries (rmTBIs) culminate in neurological impairments and chronic neurodegeneration, which have wide-ranging implications for patient management and return-to-play decisions for athletes. Adolescents show a high prevalence of sports-related head injuries and may be particularly vulnerable to rmTBIs due to ongoing brain maturation. However, it remains unclear whether rmTBIs, below the threshold for acute neuronal injury or symptomology, influence long-term outcomes. To address this issue, we first defined a very mild injury in adolescent mice (postnatal day 35) as evidenced by an increase in Iba-1- labeled microglia in white matter in the acutely injured brain, in the absence of indices of cell death, axonal injury, and vasogenic edema. Using this level of injury severity and Avertin (2,2,2-tribromoethanol) as the anesthetic, we compared mice subjected to either a single mTBI or 2 rmTBIs, each separated by 48 h. Neurobehavioral assessments were conducted at 1 week and at 1 and 3 months postimpact. Mice subjected to rmTBIs showed transient anxiety and persistent and pronounced hypoactivity compared to sham control mice, alongside normal sensorimotor, cognitive, social, and emotional function. As isoflurane is more commonly used than Avertin in animal models of TBI, we next examined long-term outcomes after rmTBIs in mice that were anesthetized with this agent. However, there was no evidence of abnormal behaviors even with the addition of a third rmTBI. To determine whether isoflurane may be neuroprotective, we compared the acute pathology after a single mTBI in mice anesthetized with either Avertin or isoflurane. Pathological findings were more pronounced in the group exposed to Avertin compared to the isoflurane group. These collective findings reveal distinct behavioral phenotypes (transient anxiety and prolonged hypoactivity) that emerge in response to rmTBIs. Our findings further suggest that selected anesthetics may confer early neuroprotection after rmTBIs, and as such mask long-term abnormal phenotypes that may otherwise emerge as a consequence of acute pathogenesis.

Effects of Recurrent Mild Traumatic Brain Injuries on Incidence, Severity, and Recovery of Concussion in Young Student-Athletes

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore C. Hannah ◽  
Zachary Spiera ◽  
Adam Y. Li ◽  
John Durbin ◽  
Nickolas Dreher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Student Athletes ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injuries ◽  
Young Student ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injuries

Preexisting conditions in older adults with mild traumatic brain injuries

Brain Injury ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Justin E. Karr ◽  
Grant L. Iverson ◽  
Harri Isokuortti ◽  
Anneli Kataja ◽  
Antti Brander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injuries ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injuries ◽  
Preexisting Conditions

Mild traumatic brain injuries with minor intracranial hemorrhage: Can they Be safely managed in the community? – A cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 88-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjay Gupta ◽  
Haytham M.A. Kaafarani ◽  
Peter J. Fagenholz ◽  
Myriam Tabrizi ◽  
Martin Rosenthal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Intracranial Hemorrhage ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injuries ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injuries

scholarly journals What Attorneys and Factfinders Need to Know About Mild Traumatic Brain Injuries

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noah K. Kaufman ◽  
Shane S. Bush ◽  
Mario R. Aguilar
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injuries ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injuries

Mild traumatic brain injuries with loss of consciousness are associated with increased inflammation and pain in military personnel

2019 ◽  
Vol 279 ◽  
pp. 34-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebekah Kanefsky ◽  
Vida Motamedi ◽  
Sara Mithani ◽  
Vincent Mysliwiec ◽  
Jessica M Gill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Military Personnel ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injuries ◽  
Loss Of Consciousness ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injuries

scholarly journals Normobaric Hypoxia with a Simple Saccade Task Reveals Latent Performance Deficits in Service Members Affected by Mild Traumatic Brain Injuries (mTBI)

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 1455-1460
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Aura ◽  
Leonard A. Temme ◽  
Paul M. St.Onge ◽  
Thomas J. DeGraba ◽  
Joseph Bleiberg
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injuries ◽  
Service Members ◽  
Performance Deficits ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injuries ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Delayed Recovery ◽  
Saccade Task ◽  
The Difference

82.3% of the traumatic brain injuries that U.S. Service Members and civilians sustain are concussions, also termed mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI). Although the effects of concussion are relatively easy to diagnose in the acute phase, diagnosis remains difficult during the chronic phase. Here, we present data demonstrating improved sensitivity to oculomotor deficits of chronic mTBI through the use of a normorbaric hypoxic stress paradigm that approximates the partial pressure of oxygen encountered at about 13,000 feet above mean sea level. Saccadic performance was compared between mTBI and healthy control groups across normoxia, hypoxia, and finally upon return to normoxia. When compared to healthy controls at initial normoxia, the mTBI group showed a trend to poorer performance. At hypoxia and on return-to-normoxia, the difference between the groups increased to become statistically significant. Thus, hypoxia resulted in an increased saccadic impairment in the mTBI group, and, perhaps more importantly, the mTBI group evidenced a delayed recovery upon return to normoxia.

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